[VW PCBworld] Amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zokuxhuma nge-elekthronikhi zemikhiqizo kagesi, futhi aziwa ngokuthi “umama wemikhiqizo kagesi”.Amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe asatshalaliswa kabanzi, ahlanganisa imishini yokuxhumana, amakhompiyutha kanye nama-peripherals, ama-electronics abathengi, ukulawulwa kwezimboni, ezokwelapha, ugesi wezimoto, ezempi, ubuchwepheshe be-aerospace kanye neminye imikhakha.I-irreplaceability ukuthi imboni yokukhiqiza ibhodi lesifunda ephrintiwe ingahlala ithuthuka kancane Enye yezinto.Kugagasi lakamuva lokudlulisa imboni ye-PCB, i-Jiangxi izoba ngesinye sezisekelo ezinkulu zokukhiqiza.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhodi esekethe aseShayina aphrintiwe kuvela ngemuva, futhi nesakhiwo sabakhiqizi bezwe elikhulu sishintshile
Ngo-1956, izwe lakithi laqala ukwakha amabhodi esifunda anyathelisiwe.Uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe athuthukile, izwe lami lisalele emuva cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili ngaphambi kokuba libambe iqhaza futhi lingene emakethe ye-PCB.Umqondo wamasekhethi anyathelisiwe wavela okokuqala emhlabeni ngo-1936. Wabekwa udokotela waseBrithani u-Eisler, futhi waba iphayona lobuchwepheshe obuhlobene bokuphrinta ama-circuits-copper foil etching process.
Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, umnotho wezwe lami uthuthuke ngokushesha, uhambisana nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo yezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, amabhodi esifunda anyathelisiwe ezwe lami athuthuke ngokushesha endaweni enhle.Unyaka ka-2006 kwaba unyaka oyingqopha-mlando ekuthuthukisweni kwe-PCB yezwe lami.Kulo nyaka, izwe lami lidlule ngempumelelo i-Japan futhi laba isizinda sokukhiqiza se-PCB esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.Ngokufika kwenkathi yezohwebo ye-5G, opharetha abakhulu bazotshala imali eningi ekwakhiweni kwe-5G esikhathini esizayo, okuzodlala indima enhle ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe ezweni lami.
Isikhathi eside, i-Pearl River Delta kanye ne-Yangtze River Delta yizindawo eziwumgogodla wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-PCB yasekhaya, futhi inani lomkhiqizo wake laba cishe ku-90% yenani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wezwe laseChina.Izinkampani zasekhaya ze-PCB ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 zisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi ePearl River Delta, eYangtze River Delta naseBohai Rim.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zifunda zihlangabezana nokugxila okuphezulu kwemboni yezogesi, isidingo esikhulu sezinto eziyisisekelo, nezimo ezinhle zokuhamba.Izimo zamanzi nogesi.
Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni ye-PCB yasekhaya idluliselwe.Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana yokufuduka nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, imephu yemboni yebhodi lesifunda ibe nezinguquko ezicashile.I-Jiangxi, i-Hubei Huangshi, i-Anhui Guangde, ne-Sichuan Suining seziphenduke izisekelo ezibalulekile zokudluliselwa kwemboni ye-PCB.
Ikakhulukazi, iSifundazwe saseJiangxi, njengendawo esemngceleni wokwenza ukudluliselwa kwemboni ye-PCB e-Pearl River Delta kanye ne-Yangtze River Delta, sihehe iqoqo lezinkampani ze-PCB ukuthi zizinze futhi zigxile.Isiphenduke "inkundla yempi entsha" yabakhiqizi be-PCB.
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Isikhali somlingo sokudlulisela imboni ye-PCB ku-Jiangxi—iphethe umkhiqizi omkhulu wethusi nomphakeli omkhulu waseChina
Kusukela kwazalwa i-PCB, ijubane lokufuduka kwezimboni alikaze lime.Ngamandla ayo ayingqayizivele, i-Jiangxi isibe ngomunye wababambe iqhaza ekudluliseleni imboni yebhodi lesifunda eChina.Ukuthutheleka kwenani elikhulu lezinkampani ze-PCB esiFundazweni saseJiangxi zazuza ezinhlelweni zazo kuzinto zokusetshenziswa ze-“PCB”.
I-Jiangxi Copper ingumkhiqizi nomhlinzeki wethusi omkhulu kunabo bonke eShayina, futhi ibalwa phakathi kwabakhiqizi bekhopha abayishumi abahamba phambili emhlabeni;futhi esinye sezisekelo ezinkulu zezimboni zethusi e-Asia sitholakala e-Jiangxi, okwenza i-Jiangxi ibe nengcebo yemvelo yezinto zokukhiqiza ze-PCB.Ekukhiqizeni i-PCB, iyona kanye edingeka kakhulu ukwehlisa intengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Izindleko eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza i-PCB zisezindlekweni zezinto ezibonakalayo, ezibalelwa ku-50% -60%.Izindleko zempahla ngokuyinhloko yi-copper clad laminate ne-copper foil;nge-copper clad laminate, izindleko nazo ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo.Ibalelwa ku-70%, ikakhulukazi i-copper foil, indwangu ye-fiber yengilazi kanye ne-resin.
Eminyakeni yamuva, intengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-PCB ibilokhu ikhuphuka, okuye kwabangela ingcindezi kubakhiqizi abaningi be-PCB ukuba banyuse izindleko zabo;ngakho-ke, izinzuzo zesiFundazwe saseJiangxi ezintweni ezingavuthiwe zihehe amaqoqo abakhiqizi be-PCB ukuthi bangene emapaki aso ezimboni.
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, i-Jiangxi inezinqubomgomo zosekelo ezikhethekile zemboni ye-PCB.Amapaki ezimboni ngokuvamile asekela amabhizinisi.Isibonelo, i-Ganzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone isekela amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi ukuze akhe izisekelo zokubonisa amabhizinisi kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha.Ngokwesisekelo sokujabulela izinqubomgomo zosekelo eziphakeme, banganikeza umvuzo wesikhathi esisodwa ofika ku-yuan ongu-300,000.Isilo singanikeza umklomelo wama-yuan ayizigidi ezi-5, futhi sinokusekelwa okuhle ekuxhaseni izaphulelo ngezimali, intela, iziqinisekiso zezimali, kanye noxhaso olulula.
Izifunda ezehlukene zinezinhloso ezihlukene zokugcina zokuthuthukisa imboni ye-PCB.I-Longnan Economic Development Zone, i-Wan'an County, i-Xinfeng County, njll., ngayinye inomkhankaso wayo wokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PCB.
Ngokungeziwe ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kanye nezinzuzo zendawo, i-Jiangxi futhi inochungechunge lwemboni ye-PCB oluphelele, kusukela ekukhiqizweni okuphezulu kocwecwe lwekhopha, amabhola ethusi, kanye namalayini enziwe ngethusi kuya ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ze-PCB ezansi nomfula.Amandla e-PCB akhuphukayo e-Jiangxi anamandla kakhulu.Abakhiqizi abangu-6 abahamba phambili bezingubo ze-copper clad, i-Shengyi Technology, i-Nanya Plastics, i-Lianmao Electronics, i-Taiguang Electronics, kanye ne-Matsushita Electric Works zonke zitholakala eJiangxi.Ngokunenzuzo eqine kangaka yesifunda neyensiza, i-Jiangxi kufanele kube eyokuqala yokukhetha ukuthutha izisekelo zokukhiqiza ze-PCB emadolobheni asogwini athuthukiswe nge-elekthronikhi.
Igagasi lokudluliswa kwemboni ye-PCB ngelinye lamathuba amakhulu e-Jiangxi, ikakhulukazi ukuhlanganiswa ekuthuthukisweni kokwakhiwa kwe-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Imboni yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi iyimboni ehamba phambili ebalulekile, futhi imboni yebhodi lesifunda iyisixhumanisi esibaluleke kakhulu nesiyisisekelo ochungechungeni lwemboni yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi.
Kusukela ethubeni "lokudlulisa", i-Jiangxi izoqinisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe futhi ivule ngokugcwele indlela yokuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-PCB esifundeni sayo.I-Jiangxi izoba "isizinda sokuthunyelwe" sangempela sokudluliselwa kwemboni yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi kusuka e-Guangdong, Zhejiang naseJiangsu.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, sicela ubheke “Umbiko we-Market Outlook and Investment Strategic Planning Report for China's Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Manufacturing Industry” okhishwe yi-Qianzhan Industry Research Institute.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Qianzhan Industry Research Institute inikeza idatha enkulu yezimboni, ukuhlelwa kwezimboni, izimemezelo zezimboni, namapaki ezimboni.Izixazululo zokuhlela, ukukhuthazwa kokutshalwa kwezimali kwezimboni, ukuqoqwa kwezimali kwe-IPO kanye nezifundo zokuthi kungenzeka yini ukutshalwa kwezimali.