Abadlali abaningi be-DIY bazothola ukuthi imibala ye-PCB esetshenziswa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yebhodi emakethe iyakhazimula. Imibala evame kakhulu ye-PCB emnyama, eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ephuzi, ensomi, ebomvu nensundu. Abanye abakhiqizi bathuthukise ngobuhlakani ama-PCB emibala ehlukene njengomhlophe nopinki.

Ngombono wendabuko, i-PCB emnyama ibonakala ibekwe endaweni ephezulu, kuyilapho okubomvu nokuphuzi kunikezelwe ekugcineni okuphansi. Akulona iqiniso lelo?

Isendlalelo sethusi se-PCB esingamboziwe ngemaski ye-solder sifakwa i-oxidized kalula lapho sivezwa emoyeni

Siyazi ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi ze-PCB ziyizingqimba zethusi. Ekukhiqizweni kwe-PCB, ungqimba lwethusi luzothola indawo ebushelelezi futhi engavikelekile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lwenziwa ngezindlela ezingeziwe noma ezikhiphayo.

Nakuba izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zethusi zingasebenzi njenge-aluminium, insimbi, i-magnesium, njll., lapho kukhona amanzi, ithusi elihlanzekile lifakwa kalula nge-oxidized lapho lithintana nomoya-mpilo; ngenxa yokuthi umoya-mpilo nomhwamuko wamanzi ukhona emoyeni, ingaphezulu lethusi elimsulwa lichayeka emoyeni Ukusabela kwe-oxidation kuzokwenzeka maduze.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukushuba kongqimba lwethusi ku-PCB mncane kakhulu, ithusi eline-oxidized lizoba umqhubi ompofu kagesi, okuzolimaza kakhulu ukusebenza kukagesi kwayo yonke i-PCB.

Ukuze kuvinjwe i-copper oxidation, ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezidayisiwe nezingathengiswanga ze-PCB ngesikhathi sokudayiswa, nokuvikela ingaphezulu le-PCB, onjiniyela basungula i-coating ekhethekile. Lolu hlobo lukapende lungasetshenziswa kalula ebusweni be-PCB ukwenza ungqimba oluvikelayo olunogqinsi oluthile futhi luvimbele ukuthintana phakathi kwethusi nomoya. Lolu ngqimba lwe-coating lubizwa nge-solder mask, futhi impahla esetshenzisiwe i-solder mask.

Njengoba ibizwa ngokuthi i-lacquer, kufanele ibe nemibala ehlukene. Yebo, imaski yokuqala ye-solder ingenziwa ingabi nambala futhi ibonakale, kodwa ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa nokukhiqiza, ama-PCB ngokuvamile adinga ukuphrinta ngombhalo omncane ebhodini.

Imaski ye-solder ekhanyelayo ingadalula kuphela umbala wangemuva we-PCB, ngakho ukubukeka akukuhle ngokwanele noma ngabe kuyakhiqiza, ukulungisa noma ukudayisa. Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela bengeza imibala ehlukahlukene kusifihla-buso ukuze bakhe i-PCB emnyama, ebomvu, noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-PCB emnyama kunzima ukubona umkhondo, okuletha ubunzima ekunakekeleni

Ngokwaleli phuzu lokubuka, umbala we-PCB awuhlangene nekhwalithi ye-PCB. Umehluko phakathi kwe-PCB emnyama namanye ama-PCB anombala afana ne-PCB eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-PCB ephuzi usembala we-solder mask.

Uma idizayini ye-PCB nenqubo yokukhiqiza ifana ncamashi, umbala ngeke ube nomthelela ekusebenzeni, futhi ngeke ube nomthelela ekulahlekeni kokushisa.

Mayelana ne-PCB emnyama, ngoba iminonjana engaphezulu icishe imbozwe ngokuphelele, idala ubunzima obukhulu ekuyilungiseni kamuva, ngakho ingumbala ongafanele ukwenziwa nokusebenzisa.

Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, abantu baye bashintsha kancane kancane, beyeka ukusetshenziswa kwe-black solder mask, futhi esikhundleni salokho basebenzise imaski eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nezinye i-solder, inhloso ukwenza lula ukukhiqiza nokugcinwa.

Sengikushilo lokho, wonke umuntu useyiqondile inkinga yombala we-PCB. Mayelana nesitatimende "sokumela umbala noma isiphetho esiphansi", kungenxa yokuthi abakhiqizi bathanda ukusebenzisa ama-PCB amnyama ukwenza imikhiqizo ephezulu, nokubomvu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okotshani, nokuphuzi ukwenza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi.

Isifinyezo sithi: umkhiqizo unikeza incazelo yombala, hhayi umbala onikeza incazelo yomkhiqizo.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa izinsimbi eziyigugu njengegolide nesiliva ku-PCB?
Umbala ucacile, ake sikhulume ngezinsimbi eziyigugu ku-PCB! Lapho abanye abakhiqizi bekhangisa imikhiqizo yabo, bazosho ngokuqondile ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo isebenzisa izinqubo ezikhethekile ezifana nokucwenga kwegolide nokucwenga kwesiliva. Ngakho yini ukusetshenziswa kwale nqubo?

Indawo ye-PCB idinga izingxenye zokunamathisela, ngakho-ke ingxenye yongqimba lwethusi iyadingeka ukuze ivezwe ukuze ihlanganiswe. Lezi zingqimba zethusi eziveziwe zibizwa ngokuthi ama-pads. Amaphedi ngokuvamile anonxande noma ayindilinga anendawo encane.

Okungenhla, siyazi ukuthi ithusi elisetshenziswe ku-PCB likhishwa kalula nge-oxidized, ngakho-ke ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-mask ye-solder, ithusi ku-pad livezwa emoyeni.

Uma ithusi ku-pad i-oxidized, ngeke kube nzima kuphela ukudayiswa, kodwa futhi ukuphikiswa kuzokwanda kakhulu, okuzothinta kakhulu ukusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela baqhamuke nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuvikela ama-pads. Isibonelo, ukumboza ngegolide lensimbi ye-inert, noma ukumboza ubuso ngendwangu yesiliva ngokusebenzisa inqubo yamakhemikhali, noma ukumboza ungqimba lwethusi ngefilimu ekhethekile yamakhemikhali ukuvimbela ukuthintana phakathi kwephedi nomoya.

Kumaphedi adaluliwe ku-PCB, isendlalelo sethusi sivezwa ngqo. Le ngxenye idinga ukuvikelwa ukuze ivinjwe ukuthi ifakwe i-oxidized.

Kusukela kulo mbono, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igolide noma isiliva, inhloso yenqubo ngokwayo ukuvimbela i-oxidation, ukuvikela i-pad, nokuqinisekisa isivuno enqubweni ye-solder elandelayo.

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezahlukene kuzobeka izidingo ngesikhathi sokugcina kanye nezimo zokugcina ze-PCB ezisetshenziswa endaweni yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, izimboni ze-PCB ngokuvamile zisebenzisa imishini yokupakisha ye-vacuum plastic ukupakisha ama-PCB ngemva kokuqedwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB nangaphambi kokulethwa kumakhasimende ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ama-PCB awafakwa i-oxidized.

Ngaphambi kokuba izingxenye zishiselwe emshinini, umenzi wekhadi lebhodi kufanele futhi ahlole i-oxidation degree ye-PCB, asuse i-PCB ye-oxidation, futhi aqinisekise isivuno. Ibhodi elitholwa umthengi wokugcina liphumelele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene. Ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, i-oxidation cishe izokwenzeka kuphela engxenyeni yokuxhuma i-plug-in, futhi ngeke ibe nomthelela ku-pad kanye nezingxenye ezivele zidayisiwe.

Njengoba ukumelana kwesiliva negolide kuphansi, ngemva kokusebenzisa izinsimbi ezikhethekile njengesiliva negolide, ingabe ukukhiqizwa kokushisa kwe-PCB kuzoncishiswa?

Siyazi ukuthi isici esithinta inani lokushisa ukumelana. Ukumelana kuhlobene nempahla yomqhubi ngokwawo, indawo yesiphambano kanye nobude bomqhubi. Ubukhulu bezinto zensimbi ebusweni bephedi bungaphansi kakhulu kuka-0.01 mm. Uma iphedi icutshungulwa indlela ye-OST (organic protective film), ngeke kube khona ukujiya okweqile nhlobo. Ukumelana okuboniswa ukushuba okuncane okunjalo kucishe kulingane no-0, ngisho akunakwenzeka ukubala, futhi-ke ngeke kuthinte isizukulwane sokushisa.