Kalula nje, i-PCB engenalutho ibhekisela ebhodini lesekethe eliphrintiwe ngaphandle kwezimbobo noma izakhi ze-elekthronikhi. Zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-PCB angenalutho futhi kwesinye isikhathi abizwa nangokuthi ama-PCB. Ibhodi le-PCB elingenalutho lineziteshi eziyisisekelo kuphela, amaphethini, ukuhlanganiswa kwensimbi kanye ne-PCB substrate.

Yini ukusetshenziswa kwebhodi elingenalutho le-PCB?
I-PCB engenalutho yi-Skeleton yeBhodi Yesekethe Yendabuko. Iqondisa njengamanje futhi yamanje ngezindlela ezifanele futhi isetshenziswa kumadivayisi we-elekthronikhi amaningi.

Ukulula kwe-PCB engenalutho kunikeza onjiniyela kanye nabaqambi abanenkululeko eyanele ukwengeza izingxenye njengoba kudingeka. Leli bhodi elingenalutho linikeza ukuguquguquka futhi linika amandla ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo.

Le BOBB ye-PCB idinga umsebenzi owengeziwe wokuqamba kunezinye izindlela ze-wiring, kepha imvamisa ingasebenza ngemuva komhlangano nasekukhiqizweni. Lokhu kwenza amabhodi e-PCB ashibhile futhi aphumelele kakhulu.

Ibhodi elingenalutho liwusizo kuphela ngemuva kokungeza izingxenye. Umgomo wokugcina we-PCB engenalutho ukuze ube ibhodi lesekethe eliphelele. Uma kufaniswe nezinto ezifanele, kuzoba nokusetshenziswa okuningi.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona ukuphela kokusebenzisa amabhodi e-PCB angenalutho. I-Blank PCB yisigaba esihle kakhulu sokwenza ukuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-Circuit Board. Kubalulekile ukuvikela izinkinga eziningi ezingenzeka esikhathini esizayo.
Kungani Kufanele Uhlolwe IBhodi Lebhodi?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuhlola amabhodi angenalutho. Njengohlaka lwebhodi yesekethe, ukwehluleka kwebhodi le-PCB ngemuva kokufakwa kuzokwenza kube nezinkinga eziningi.

Yize kungejwayelekile, i-PCB engenalutho kungenzeka ivele inephutha ngaphambi kokungeza izingxenye. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zingezelele, ngaphansi kwe-etching kanye nezimbobo. Ngisho nezinkinga ezincane zingadala ukwehluleka ukukhiqiza.

Ngenxa yokwanda kwesibalo sabantu, isidingo samabhodi e-PCB e-Multilayer siyaqhubeka nokwanda, ukwenza ukuhlolwa kweBhodi elingenalutho kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa i-PCB ye-Multilayer, uma ukwehluleka kwenzeka, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyilungisa.

Uma i-PCB engenalutho iyisikhumba sebhodi yesekethe, izakhi ziyizitho nemisipha. Izakhi zingabiza kakhulu futhi zivame ukuba zigxeke, ngakho-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuba nohlaka oluqinile kungavimbela izingxenye eziphakeme ekuchithekeni.

Izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho
Ungazi kanjani ukuthi i-PCB ilimele?
Lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukile: ugesi nokumelana.
Ukuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho nakho kubheka ukwehlukaniswa nokuqhubeka kokuxhumeka kukagesi. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa kukala ukuxhumana phakathi kokuxhumeka okubili okuhlukile, ngenkathi ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kuhlola ukuthi awekho amaphuzu avulekile angaphazamisa okwamanje.
Yize ukuhlolwa kukagesi kuvamile, ukuhlolwa kokumelana akuyona into evamile. Ezinye izinkampani zizosebenzisa inhlanganisela yalezi ezimbili, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ngokungaboni kusetshenziswa isivivinyo esisodwa.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokumelana kuthumela okukhona manje ngomqhubi wokulinganisa ukumelana nokugeleza. Ukuxhumeka okude noma okuncanyana kuzokhiqiza ukumelana okukhulu kunokuxhumana okufushane noma okuqinile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Batch
Ngemikhiqizo enesilinganiso esithile sephrojekthi, abakhiqizi be-Pristauit Board Bricud ngokuvamile bazosebenzisa ukulungiswa okuhleliwe kokuhlolwa, okubizwa ngokuthi "ama-racks ahlolo." Lokhu kuhlola kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane ezilayishwe entwasahlobo ukuvivinya konke okuxhumeka ku-PCB.
Ukuhlolwa kokulungiswa okulungisiwe kusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kungaphothulwa ngemizuzwana nje embalwa. Ubunzima obukhulu buyizindleko eziphakeme kanye nokuntuleka kwezimo eziguquguqukayo. Imiklamo ehlukene ye-PCB idinga ukulungiswa okuhlukile nezikhonkwane (ezilungele ukukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi).
Ukuhlolwa kwe-prototype
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flying Probe kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Izingalo ezimbili zamarobhothi ezinezinduku zisebenzisa uhlelo lwesoftware ukuhlola ukuxhumana kwebhodi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesivivinyo sokulungiswa okuhleliwe, kuthatha isikhathi eside, kepha kuyabiza futhi kuyavumelana nezimo. Ukuhlola ukwakheka okuhlukile kulula njengokulayisha ifayela elisha.

Izinzuzo Zokuhlolwa Kwebhodi Elingenalutho
Ukuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho kunezinzuzo eziningi, ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu. Lesi sinyathelo enqubo yokukhiqiza singakugwema izinkinga eziningi. Inani elincane lokutshalwa kwemali ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwemali lingagcina izindleko eziningi zokulungiswa kanye nezindleko zokubuyiselwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho kusiza ukuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi enqubo yokwenza. Ukuthola inkinga kusenesikhathi kusho ukuthola imbangela yenkinga futhi ukwazi ukuxazulula inkinga empandeni yayo.

Uma inkinga itholakala kwinqubo elandelayo, kuzoba nzima ukuthola inkinga yezimpande. Lapho ibhodi le-PCB limbozwe yizakhi, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi yini edale inkinga. Ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi kusiza ukuxazulula inkinga yempande.

Ukuhlola futhi kube lula inqubo yonke. Uma kutholakala izinkinga futhi zixazululwa ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuthuthukisa i-prototype, izigaba zokukhiqiza ezilandelayo zingaqhubeka ngaphandle kwesithiyo.

Gcina isikhathi sephrojekthi ngokuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho

Ngemuva kokwazi ukuthi iBhodi elingenalutho, nokuqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho. Uzothola ukuthi yize inqubo yokuqala yephrojekthi ihamba kancane ngenxa yokuhlolwa, isikhathi esigciniwe ngokuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho leprojekthi kudlula isikhathi esidlula kakhulu. Ukwazi noma ngabe kunamaphutha ku-PCB kungenza kube lula ukuxazulula inkinga.

Isigaba sokuqala yisikhathi esibi kakhulu sokuhlolwa kwebhodi elingenalutho. Uma ibhodi yesekethe eliqoqekile lehluleka futhi ufuna ukuyilungisa khona lapho, izindleko zokulahlekelwa zingaba ngaphezulu kwezikhathi eziphakeme.

Lapho i-substrate inenkinga, amathuba okuqhekeka kwawo azonyuka kakhulu. Uma izakhi ezibizayo zithengiswe kwi-PCB, ukulahleka kuzokwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, kungukubi kakhulu ukuthola iphutha ngemuva kokuthi ibhodi yesekethe lihlangene. Izinkinga ezitholakele ngalesi sikhathi zivame ukuholela ekushayweni kwawo wonke umkhiqizo.

Ngokuthuthuka kokusebenza kahle kanye nokunemba okunikezwe ukuhlolwa, kuyasiza ekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa kweBhodi ye-Bare ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhiqiza. Yize kunjalo, uma ibhodi lokugcina lihluleka, izinkulungwane zezakhi zingachithwa.