Ubuchwepheshe bokumaka nge-laser bungenye yezindawo ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kwe-laser processing. Ukumaka nge-laser kuyindlela yokumaka esebenzisa i-laser enamandla amakhulu ukuze kukhanyiselwe indawo yokusebenza ukuze kuhwamuke into engaphezulu noma kubangele ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukushintsha umbala, ngaleyo ndlela kushiye umaki unomphela. Ukumaka nge-laser kungaveza izinhlamvu ezihlukene, izimpawu namaphethini, njll., futhi ubukhulu bezinhlamvu bungasukela kumamilimitha ukuya kuma-micrometer, okubaluleke kakhulu ekulweni nomkhiqizo womgunyathi.

Isimiso sekhodi ye-laser

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokumaka nge-laser ukuthi i-laser beam eqhubekayo enamandla amakhulu ikhiqizwa ijeneretha ye-laser, futhi i-laser egxilile isebenza endabeni yokuphrinta ukuze incibilike khona manjalo noma imoshise into engaphezulu. Ngokulawula indlela ye-laser ebusweni bento, yenza amamaki ezithombe adingekayo.

Faka okukodwa

Ukucutshungulwa okungeyena othintana naye, kungamakwa kunoma iyiphi indawo emise okukhethekile, i-workpiece ngeke ikhubaze futhi ikhiqize ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, okufanelekile ukumaka insimbi, ipulasitiki, ingilazi, i-ceramic, izinkuni, isikhumba nezinye izinto.

Faka okubili

Cishe zonke izingxenye (njengama-piston, amasongo e-piston, ama-valve, izihlalo zamavalvu, amathuluzi e-hardware, i-sanitary ware, i-electronic components, njll.) zingamakwa, futhi amamaki awakwazi ukugqokwa, inqubo yokukhiqiza kulula ukuyibona i-automation, futhi izingxenye ezimakiwe zine-deformation encane.

Faka okuthathu

Indlela yokuskena isetshenziselwa ukumaka, okungukuthi, i-laser beam iyisigameko ezibukweni ezimbili, futhi injini yokuskena elawulwa ngekhompuyutha ishayela izibuko ukuze zijikeleze eduze kwezimbazo zika-X kanye no-Y ngokulandelanayo. Ngemuva kokuthi i-laser beam igxilile, iwela endaweni yokusebenza ephawuliwe, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe ukumaka kwe-laser. landelela.

Izinzuzo laser coding

01

Umsebe we-laser ozacile kakhulu ngemva kokugxila kwe-laser ufana nethuluzi, elingasusa i-surface material yento ngephoyinti. Imvelo yayo ethuthukisiwe ukuthi inqubo yokumaka iwukucubungula okungathintana naye, okungakhiqizi i-extrusion yemishini noma ukucindezeleka komshini, ngakho ngeke kulimaze i-athikili ecutshunguliwe; Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane be-laser ngemva kokugxila, indawo encane ethintekile ekushiseni, nokucubungula okuhle, ezinye izinqubo ezingenakufezwa ngezindlela ezivamile zingaqedwa.

02

“Ithuluzi” elisetshenziswa ekucubunguleni i-laser indawo yokukhanya egxilisiwe. Azikho izisetshenziswa nezinto zokwakha ezengeziwe ezidingekayo. Uma nje i-laser ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile, ingacutshungulwa ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside. Ijubane lokucubungula i-laser liyashesha futhi izindleko ziphansi. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser kulawulwa ngokuzenzakalela yikhompyutha, futhi akukho ukungenelela komuntu okudingekayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.

03

Hlobo luni lolwazi i-laser engalumaka luhlobene kuphela nokuqukethwe okuklanywe kukhompuyutha. Uma nje uhlelo lokumaka lomsebenzi wobuciko oluklanywe kukhompuyutha lungakwazi ukukubona, umshini wokumaka ungabuyisela ngokunembile ulwazi lomklamo kusiphathi esifanelekayo. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wesofthiwe empeleni unquma umsebenzi wesistimu ngezinga elikhulu.

Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-laser yenkambu ye-SMT, ukulandelelwa kokumaka kwe-laser kwenziwa kakhulu ku-PCB, futhi ukucekela phansi kwe-laser yamaza ahlukene ongqimba lwe-PCB lokufihla ithini akuhambisani.

Njengamanje, ama-laser asetshenziswa ekubhaleni ngekhodi nge-laser ahlanganisa amalaser efiber, ama-ultraviolet lasers, ama-laser aluhlaza namalaser e-CO2. Amalaser asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ama-laser we-UV namalaser CO2. Ama-laser ama-fiber nama-laser aluhlaza asetshenziswa kancane uma kuqhathaniswa.

i-fiber-optic laser

I-fiber pulse laser isho uhlobo lwe-laser olukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-glass fiber ehlanganiswe nezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba (njenge-ytterbium) njengendlela yokuzuza. Inezinga lamandla elikhanyayo elicebe kakhulu. Ubude be-wavelength be-pulsed fiber laser bungu-1064nm (okufana ne-YAG, kodwa umehluko ukuthi izinto zokusebenza ze-YAG ziyi-neodymium) (i-QCW, i-fiber laser eqhubekayo inobude obujwayelekile obungu-1060-1080nm, nakuba i-QCW nayo iyi-laser eshaya ngamandla, kodwa ishaya ngamandla. I-generation mechanism ihluke ngokuphelele, futhi ubude begagasi buhlukile), i-laser eseduze ne-infrared. Ingasetshenziselwa ukumaka izinto zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokumuncwa.

Inqubo ifinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa umthelela we-thermal we-laser kokubalulekile, noma ngokushisisa kanye nokuhwamisa izinto ezingaphezulu ukuze kuvezwe izendlalelo ezijulile zemibala ehlukene, noma ngokushisisa izinguquko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ebusweni bento (njengamanye ama-nanometers, ama-nanometer ayishumi) Izimbobo ezincane zebanga zizokhiqiza umphumela womzimba omnyama, futhi ukukhanya kungabonakala kuncane kakhulu, kwenze into ibonakale imnyama bhuqe) futhi ukusebenza kwayo okukhanyayo kuzoshintsha kakhulu, noma ngokunye ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka lapho kushiswa amandla okukhanya. , izobonisa Ulwazi oludingekayo njengezithombe, izinhlamvu, namakhodi e-QR.

I-laser ye-UV

I-Ultraviolet laser iyi-laser yamaza amafushane. Ngokuvamile, ubuchwepheshe bokuphindaphinda kabili imvamisa busetshenziselwa ukuguqula ukukhanya kwe-infrared (1064nm) okukhishwa i-solid-state laser kube ngu-355nm (imvamisa emithathu) kanye no-266nm (i-quadruple frequency) ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Amandla ayo e-photon makhulu kakhulu, angakwazi ukuhambisana namazinga wamandla amanye amabhondi amakhemikhali (amabhondi e-ionic, amabhondi e-covalent, amabhondi ensimbi) cishe azo zonke izinto ezikhona emvelweni, futhi aphule ngokuqondile izibopho zamakhemikhali, okubangela ukuthi impahla ibhekane nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphandle kokusobala. imiphumela eshisayo (i-nucleus, Amazinga athile wamandla ama-electron angaphakathi angakwazi ukumunca ama-photon e-ultraviolet, bese edlulisela amandla ngokusebenzisa ukudlidliza kwe-lattice, okuholela kumphumela oshisayo, kodwa awubonakali), okungowokuthi "ukusebenza okubandayo". Ngenxa yokuthi awukho umphumela ocacile wokushisa, i-laser ye-UV ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukushisela, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukumaka nokusika ngokunemba.

Inqubo yokumaka ye-UV yenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-photochemical phakathi kokukhanya kwe-UV kanye nokokusebenza ukuze kubangele umbala ushintshe. Ukusebenzisa amapharamitha afanelekile kungagwema umphumela osobala wokususwa ebusweni bento, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kungamaka ihluzo nezinhlamvu ngaphandle kokuthinta okusobala.

Nakuba ama-laser e-UV angamaka kokubili izinsimbi nezingezona zensimbi, ngenxa yezindleko, ama-laser e-fiber ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukumaka izinto zensimbi, kuyilapho ama-laser e-UV asetshenziselwa ukumaka imikhiqizo edinga ikhwalithi ephezulu futhi okunzima ukuyifinyelela nge-CO2, eyenza Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-CO2.

I-Laser eluhlaza

I-laser eluhlaza nayo iyi-laser yamaza amafushane. Ngokuvamile, ubuchwepheshe bokuphindaphinda kabili busetshenziselwa ukuguqula ukukhanya kwe-infrared (1064nm) okukhishwa i-laser eqinile kube ukukhanya okuluhlaza ku-532nm (i-double frequency). I-laser eluhlaza iwukukhanya okubonakalayo kanti i-ultraviolet laser ingukukhanya okungabonakali. . I-laser eluhlaza inamandla amakhulu e-photon, futhi izici zayo zokucubungula ezibandayo zifana kakhulu nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, futhi ingakha izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha nge-laser ultraviolet.

Inqubo yokumaka ukukhanya okuluhlaza iyafana ne-ultraviolet laser, esebenzisa ukusabela kwe-photochemical phakathi kokukhanya okuluhlaza nokokusebenza ukuze kubangele umbala ushintshe. Ukusetshenziswa kwemingcele efanele kungagwema umphumela ocacile wokususwa endaweni ebonakalayo, ngakho-ke ingamaka iphethini ngaphandle kokuthinta okusobala. Njengabalingiswa, ngokuvamile kuba nongqimba lokufihla ithini ebusweni be-PCB, ngokuvamile olunemibala eminingi. I-laser eluhlaza inempendulo enhle kuyo, futhi ihluzo ezimakiwe zicace kakhulu futhi zintekenteke.

I-CO2 laser

I-CO2 iyilaser yegesi esetshenziswa kakhulu enamazinga amaningi okukhanya kwamandla. Ubude obujwayelekile be-laser bungu-9.3 no-10.6um. Kuyi-laser ye-infrared enamandla aqhubekayo afinyelela kumashumi ama-kilowatts. Ngokuvamile i-laser ye-CO2 enamandla aphansi isetshenziselwa ukuqedela inqubo yokumaka ephezulu yama-molecule nezinye izinto ezingezona ezensimbi. Ngokuvamile, ama-laser e-CO2 awavamile ukusetshenziselwa ukumaka izinsimbi, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokumuncwa kwezinsimbi liphansi kakhulu (i-CO2 enamandla amakhulu ingasetshenziselwa ukusika nokushisela izinsimbi. Ngenxa yezinga lokumuncwa, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical, indlela yokubona nokugcinwa kahle. nezinye izici, isetshenziswe kancane kancane yi-fiber lasers.

Inqubo yokumaka i-CO2 yenziwa ngokusebenzisa umthelela oshisayo we-laser ontweni, noma ngokushisisa nokuhwamisa izinto ezingaphezulu ukuze kuvezwe izingqimba ezijulile zezinto ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, noma ngamandla akhanyayo ukushisisa izinguquko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ebusweni bento. yenze ikhanye Izinguquko ezibalulekile zenzeka, noma ukuhlangana kwamakhemikhali okuthile okwenzeka lapho kushisisa amandla okukhanya, futhi kuboniswa imifanekiso edingekayo, izinhlamvu, amakhodi anezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye nolunye ulwazi.

Amalaser e-CO2 ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zikagesi, izinsimbi, izingubo, isikhumba, izikhwama, izicathulo, izinkinobho, izibuko, imithi, ukudla, iziphuzo, izimonyo, ukupakisha, okokusebenza kagesi kanye neminye imikhakha esebenzisa izinto ze-polymer.

Ukufaka ikhodi nge-laser ezintweni ze-PCB

Isifinyezo sokuhlaziya okulimazayo

Ama-laser we-fiber kanye nama-laser e-CO2 womabili asebenzisa umthelela oshisayo we-laser kokubalulekile ukuze afinyelele umphumela wokumaka, ngokuyisisekelo acekele phansi ingaphezulu lezinto ukuze enze umphumela wokulahla, ukuvuza umbala ongemuva, nokwenza ukuphambuka kwe-chromatic; kuyilapho i-laser ultraviolet kanye ne-laser eluhlaza zisebenzisa i-laser kuya Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali wento esebenzayo kubangela ukuthi umbala wezinto ezibonakalayo ushintshe, bese ungakhiqizi umphumela wokulahla, ukwakha ihluzo nezinhlamvu ngaphandle kokuthintwa okusobala.