Ukusuka emiphumeleni yokuhlola yemikhiqizo ehlukene, kutholakala ukuthi le esd isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu: Uma iBhodi yesekethe aliklami kahle, lapho kwethulwa i-State Electricity, kuzodala ukuthi umkhiqizo ushaqeke noma ulimaze izingxenye. Esikhathini esedlule, ngabona ukuthi i-ESD izolimaza izakhi, kodwa bengingalindele ukunaka ngokwanele kwimikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.

I-ESD yilokho esivame ukubiza ukukhipha i-electro-tatul. Ngokwazi okufundwayo, kungaziwa ukuthi ugesi we-tuli uyinto yemvelo, evame ukwenziwa ngoxhumana naye, njll. Kubonakaliswa izinkulungwane ze-volts, njll. Kubonakaliswa izinkulungwane zama-volts of tuli)) Ngemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, uma ukwakheka kwe-ESD kungakhekwa kahle, ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi kanye negesi kuvame ukungazinzile noma kulinyazwe.

Izindlela ezimbili zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho wenza izivivinyo zokukhipha i-ESD: xhumana nokukhishwa komoya.

Ukulahla kokulahla ukukhipha ngokuqondile imishini evivinywa; Ukukhishwa komoya kubizwa nangokuthi ukukhululwa okungaqondile, okukhiqizwa ngokuhambisana kwensimu kazibuthe eqinile kuya ezingeni eliseduze. I-Voltage Yokuhlola kwalezi zivivinyo ezimbili ngokuvamile i-2KV-8KV, futhi izidingo zihlukile ezifundeni ezihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqamba, kufanele siqale ukuthola imakethe yomkhiqizo.

Lezi zimo ezimbili ezingenhla zivivinyo eziyisisekelo zemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi engenakusebenza ngenxa yokufakwa kukagesi womuntu noma ezinye izizathu lapho umzimba womuntu uhlangana nemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi. Isibalo esingezansi sibonisa izibalo zomoya womswakama wezindawo ezithile ezinyangeni ezahlukene zonyaka. Kungabonakala esifanekisweni sokuthi i-lasvegas inomswakama omncane omncane unyaka wonke. Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi kule ndawo kufanele inake ngokukhethekile ekuvikelweni kwe-ESD.

Izimo zomswakama zihlukile ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba, kepha ngasikhathi sinye esifundeni, uma umswakama womoya awufani, ugesi okhiqizwayo owenziwe futhi uhlukile. Ithebula elilandelayo yidatha eqoqiwe, lapho kungabonakala khona ukuthi ugesi we-tuli wakhuphuka njengoba umswakama womoya uyancipha. Lokhu futhi kuchaza ngokungaqondile isizathu sokuthi kungani izinhlansi ze-static zikhiqizwe lapho zihamba sweatshi enyakatho nobusika zikhulu kakhulu. "

Njengoba ugesi we-tuli uyingozi enhle kangaka, singakuvikela kanjani? Lapho siklama ukuvikelwa ngogesi, sivame ukusihlukanisa sibe yizinyathelo ezintathu: Vikela amacala angaphandle ukuthi ageleze ebhodini lesekethe futhi adale umonakalo; vimbela amasimu kazibuthe angaphandle ekulimazeleni ibhodi yesekethe; vimbela ukulimala kusuka kumasimu we-electrostatic.

Ngokwakheka kwangempela wesifunda, sizosebenzisa izindlela eyodwa noma eziningi ezilandelayo zokuvikelwa kwe-electrostatic:

1

I-Avalanche Diodes yokuvikelwa kwe-electrostatic
Lokhu futhi kuyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni. Indlela ejwayelekile yokuxhuma i-avalanche dide emhlabathini ngokufana kulayini wesiginali osemqoka. Le ndlela ukusebenzisa i-avalanche diode ukuphendula ngokushesha futhi amandla okuzinza i-clamping, engadla ama-voltage aphezulu aphezulu ngesikhathi esifushane ukuvikela ibhodi yesekethe.

2

Sebenzisa ama-capacitors aphezulu we-voltage ukuvikelwa kwesekethe
Kule ndlela, ama-capacico anobungozi ane-volstate kagesi okungenani 1.5kv avame ukubekwa kwisixhumi se-I / O noma isikhundla sesiginali yokhiye, futhi umugqa wokuxhumana ungamafushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise ukwehla komugqa wokuxhuma. Uma i-capacitor enokumelana okuphansi i-voltage iyasetshenziswa, izodala ukulimala kwi-capacitor bese ilahlekelwa ukuvikelwa kwayo.

3

Sebenzisa ubuhlalu be-Ferrite ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa kwesekethe
Ubuhlalu beFerrite bungamisa i-edd yamanje, futhi futhi ingacindezela imisebe. Lapho ubhekene nezinkinga ezimbili, ubuhlalu be-ferrite buyisinqumo esihle kakhulu.

4

Indlela ye-Spark Gap
Le ndlela ibonakala engxenyeni yezinto ezibonakalayo. Indlela ethile ukusebenzisa ithusi elingunxantathu namathiphu ahambisana nomunye ngomugqa we-microsTrip umugqa owakhiwe ngethusi. Elinye isiphetho sethusi elingunxantathu lixhumeke kulayini wesiginali, kanti elinye liyithusi elingunxantathu. Xhuma emhlabathini. Lapho kunogesi ophelele, kuzoveza ukuphuma okubukhali futhi kudle amandla kagesi.

5

Sebenzisa indlela yokuhlunga ye-LC ukuvikela umjikelezo
Isihlungi esakhiwa i-LC singanciphisa ngempumelelo ugesi ojwayelekile we-Static Frequency ugesi ekungeneni umjikelezo. Isici sokuphendula esisebenzayo se-inductor sihle ngokuvimbela imvamisa ephezulu esebenza ngokungena kwisekethe, ngenkathi i-capacitor ishukumisa amandla aphezulu e-esd atd emhlabathini. Ngasikhathi sinye, lolu hlobo lokuhlunga lungabushelela onqenqemeni lwesiginali futhi lunciphise umphumela we-RF, futhi ukusebenza kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokwemibandela yobuqotho besiginali.

6

I-Multilayer Board yokuvikelwa kwe-ESD
Lapho imali ivuma, ukukhetha ibhodi ye-multilayer nakho kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvikela i-ESD. Ebhodini eliphakeme le-Multi-Lander, ngoba kunendiza ephelele yomhlaba eduze komkhondo, lokhu kungenza umbhangqwana we-ESD uye endizeni ephansi yokuvimbela ngokushesha, bese uvikela indima yezimpawu ezibalulekile.

7

Indlela yokushiya ibhendi evikelayo engxenyeni yokuvikelwa komthetho wokuvikelwa kwebhodi lebhodi
Le ndlela imvamisa ukudweba umkhondo ebhodini lesekethe ngaphandle kwesendlalelo se-welding. Lapho izimo zivumela, xhuma umkhondo ezindlini. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umkhondo awukwazi ukwakha i-loop evaliwe, ukuze ungakha i-antenna ye-loop futhi adale inkathazo enkulu.

8

Sebenzisa amadivaysi e-CMOs noma amadivaysi e-TTL anama-diodes okuvikelwa kwesizungu
Le ndlela isebenzisa umgomo wokuzehlukanisa ukuvikela ibhodi yesekethe. Ngoba lawa madivayisi avikelwe ngama-diode ahlanganayo, ubunzima bokuklanywa buncishiswa ekwakhiweni kwangempela wesifunda.

9

Sebenzisa ama-capacitors wokuwa
Lawa ma-capacito asondelana kufanele abe namanani aphansi we-ESL namanani e-ESR. Nge-eSD ephansi ephansi, ama-capacitors aqothulayo anciphisa indawo ye-loop. Ngenxa yomphumela we-ESL yayo, umsebenzi we-electrolyte ubuthakathaka, ongahlunga kangcono amandla afudumele aphezulu. .

Ngamafuphi, yize i-ESD iyesabeka futhi ingaletha nemiphumela emibi, kepha kuphela ngokuvikela amandla kanye nemigqa yesiginali esifundeni esingavimba ngempumelelo i-ESD ye-PCB. Phakathi kwazo, umphathi wami wayevame ukuthi "isisekelo esihle seBhodi yinkosi". Ngiyethemba ukuthi lo musho ungakulethela umphumela wokuphula isibhakabhaka.