1. Ukwakheka kwama-slots ngesikhathi senqubo ye-PCB kubandakanya:
Ukushayeka okubangelwa ukwahlukaniswa kwamandla noma izindiza zomhlaba; Lapho kunezinto eziningi ezahlukene zamandla noma izizathu ku-PCB, ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukwaba indiza ephelele yenethiwekhi ngayinye yokunikezela kwamandla nenethiwekhi yomhlaba. Indlela ejwayelekile yokwenza noma ukwenza ukwahlukaniswa kwamandla noma ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba ngezindiza eziningi. Ama-Slots akhiwa phakathi kwezigaba ezahlukahlukene kwindiza efanayo.
Lezi zimbobo ziminyene kakhulu ukuthi i-SLOTS SLOTS (ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zifaka ama-pads ne-vias); Lapho izimbobo zidlula engxenyeni yomhlabathi noma ungqimba lwamandla ngaphandle kokuxhunyaniswa kagesi kubo, enye indawo idinga ukushiywa izungeze izimbobo zokuhlukaniswa ngogesi; Kepha lapho izimbobo lapho izimbobo zisondele kakhulu ndawonye, izindandatho ze-spacer zigoqa, ziyakha.
2. Umthelela wokugaya ekusebenzeni kwe-EMC yenguqulo ye-PCB
I-GrooVing izoba nomthelela othile ekusebenzeni kwe-EMC yeBopp yePCB. Lo mphumela ungahle ube mubi noma unethemba. Okokuqala kudingeka siqonde ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje kwamanje kwezimpawu eziphakeme zesineke nezimpawu eziphansi. Ngejubane eliphansi, ukugeleza kwamanje eceleni kwendlela yokumelana okuphansi. Isibalo esingezansi sibonisa ukuthi ukugeleza okusheshayo okuningana kusuka ku-A kuye ku-B, isiginali yayo yokubuyisa ibuyisa kusuka endizeni emhlabathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje kwaphezulu kubanzi.
Ngejubane eliphezulu, umphumela wokuqalwa kwendlela yokubuya yesiginali uzodlula umphumela wokumelana. Izimpawu zokubuyisa ngejubane eliphezulu zizogeleza indlela yokuvikelwa okuphansi kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje okuphezulu kuncane kakhulu, futhi isiginali yokubuyisa igxile ngaphansi komugqa wesiginali esiqetsheni.
Lapho kunemibuthano engahambelani ku-PCB, "Ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba" kuyadingeka, okungukuthi, izindiza zomhlaba zisethwe ngokwahlukana ngokuya ngama-voltages ahlukene we-Power Supply, amasiginali aphezulu kanye nezimpawu eziphakeme zamanje. Ukusuka ekusatshalalisweni kwesiginali esisheshayo nesinembile sesinambuzane esinqunyelwe ngenhla, kungaqondakala kalula ukuthi ukubeka okuhlukile kungavimba ama-supposition ama-porinsals ahambisanayo futhi avikele ukuhlanganiswa komgwaqo ojwayelekile.
Kepha kungakhathalekile ukuthi amasiginali anesivinini esikhulu noma amasiginali wejubane eliphansi, lapho imigqa yesiginali iwela ama-slots endizeni yamandla noma indiza emhlabathini, kuzovela izinkinga eziningi:
Ukwandisa indawo yamanje yokulayisha kwandisa ukungena kwe-loop, okwenza i-wavengform ye-wavexform ibe lula ku-oscillate;
Ngemigqa yesiginali enesivinini esiphakeme edinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-impedance futhi ihanjiswa ngokusho kwemodeli ye-stripline, imodeli ye-stripline izobhujiswa ngenxa yokushaywa kwendiza ephezulu noma indiza ephansi noma ephansi, okuholela ekunciphiseni okungaphezulu kwesiginali. Izinkinga zocansi;
Kwandisa ukungena kwemisebe esikhaleni futhi kutholakala ekuphazanyisweni kwamandla kazibuthe;
Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi okuphezulu kakhulu ku-loop kukha umkhumbi omnsalo ojwayelekile, futhi imisebe yemodi ejwayelekile yenziwa ngezintambo zangaphandle;
Khuphula amathuba okuba crosstalk we-High-Frequency Crosstalk namanye amasekethe ebhodini.
Lapho kunemibuthano engahambelani ku-PCB, "Ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba" kuyadingeka, okungukuthi, izindiza zomhlaba zisethwe ngokwahlukana ngokuya ngama-voltages ahlukene we-Power Supply, amasiginali aphezulu kanye nezimpawu eziphakeme zamanje. Ukusuka ekusatshalalisweni kwesiginali esisheshayo nesinembile sesinambuzane esinqunyelwe ngenhla, kungaqondakala kalula ukuthi ukubeka okuhlukile kungavimba ama-supposition ama-porinsals ahambisanayo futhi avikele ukuhlanganiswa komgwaqo ojwayelekile.
Kepha kungakhathalekile ukuthi amasiginali anesivinini esikhulu noma amasiginali wejubane eliphansi, lapho imigqa yesiginali iwela ama-slots endizeni yamandla noma indiza emhlabathini, kuzovela izinkinga eziningi:
Ukwandisa indawo yamanje yokulayisha kwandisa ukungena kwe-loop, okwenza i-wavengform ye-wavexform ibe lula ku-oscillate;
Ngemigqa yesiginali enesivinini esiphakeme edinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-impedance futhi ihanjiswa ngokusho kwemodeli ye-stripline, imodeli ye-stripline izobhujiswa ngenxa yokushaywa kwendiza ephezulu noma indiza ephansi noma ephansi, okuholela ekunciphiseni okungaphezulu kwesiginali. Izinkinga zocansi;
Kwandisa ukungena kwemisebe esikhaleni futhi kutholakala ekuphazanyisweni kwamandla kazibuthe;
Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi okuphezulu kakhulu ku-loop kukha umkhumbi omnsalo ojwayelekile, futhi imisebe yemodi ejwayelekile yenziwa ngezintambo zangaphandle;
Khuphula amathuba okuba crosstalk we-High-Frequency Sgreelk namanye amasekethe ebhodini
3. I-PCB Design Izindlela zokulala
Ukucutshungulwa kwama-grooves kufanele kulandele lezo zimiso ezilandelayo:
Ngemigqa yesiginali enesivinini esikhulu esidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-impedance, iminonjana yabo ivinjelwe ngokuphelele ekunqamuleni imigqa ehlukaniswe ukugwema ukubangela ukunqanyulwa kokungaziphathi kahle futhi kubangele izinkinga zobuqotho obukhulu;
Lapho kunemibuthano engahambelani ku-PCB, ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba kufanele kwenziwe, kepha ukwahlukana komhlaba akufanele kudale imigqa yesiginali ephezulu yokuwela i-wiring, bese uzama ukungabangeli imigqa yesiginali enesivinini esiphansi ukuwela i-wiring ehlukanisiwe;
Lapho ujikeleza phakathi kwama-slots angenakugwenywa, ukubopha amabhuloho kufanele kwenziwe;
Isixhumi (i-External) akufanele sibekwe engxenyeni yenhlabathi. Uma kunomehluko omkhulu ongaba khona phakathi kwephuzu a nephuzu le-B phezu kwesendlalelo somfanekiso, imisebe yemodi ejwayelekile ingakhiqizwa ngentambo yangaphandle;
Lapho uklama ama-PCB anezixhumi eziphezulu eziphezulu, ngaphandle kokuthi kube nezidingo ezikhethekile, ngokujwayelekile kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi inethiwekhi yomhlabathi izungeza iPIN ngayinye. Ungahlela futhi nenethiwekhi yomhlabathi ngokulinganayo lapho uhlela izikhonkwane ukuze uqinisekise ukuqhubeka kwendiza yomhlabathi futhi kuvikele ukukhiqizwa kokulala