Ekwakheni isakhiwo se-PCB, ukwakheka kwezingxenye kubalulekile, okunquma izinga elihle nelihle lebhodi kanye nobude nenani locingo oluphrintiwe, futhi kunomthelela othile ekuthembekeni kwawo wonke umshini.
Ibhodi lesifunda elihle, ngaphezu kokugcwaliseka kwesimiso somsebenzi, kodwa futhi ukucabangela i-EMI, i-EMC, i-ESD (ukukhishwa kwe-electrostatic), ubuqotho besignali nezinye izici zikagesi, kodwa futhi ukucabangela isakhiwo somshini, ukushisa okukhulu kwe-chip yamandla. izinkinga zokuqeda.
Izidingo ezijwayelekile zokucaciswa kwesakhiwo se-PCB
1, funda umbhalo wencazelo yokuklama, uhlangabezane nesakhiwo esikhethekile, imojula ekhethekile nezinye izidingo zesakhiwo.
2, setha iphoyinti legridi yesakhiwo libe ngu-25mil, lingaqondaniswa ngephoyinti legridi, isikhala esilinganayo; Imodi yokuqondanisa inkulu ngaphambi kokuncane (amadivayisi amakhulu namadivayisi amakhulu aqondaniswe kuqala), futhi imodi yokuqondanisa imaphakathi, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo.
3, ukuhlangabezana nomkhawulo wobude bendawo enqatshelwe, isakhiwo kanye nesakhiwo sedivayisi ekhethekile, izidingo zendawo ezenqatshelwe.
① Umfanekiso 1 (kwesokunxele) ngezansi: Izidingo zomkhawulo wobude, ezimakwe ngokucacile kusendlalelo esiwumshini noma isendlalelo sokumaka, esilungele ukuhlolwa kamuva;
(2) Ngaphambi kwesakhiwo, setha indawo enqatshelwe, edinga ukuthi idivayisi iqhele ngo-5mm onqenqemeni lwebhodi, ungaluhleli ucingo, ngaphandle uma izidingo ezikhethekile noma idizayini yebhodi elandelayo ingengeza unqenqema lwenqubo;
③ Isakhiwo sesakhiwo kanye namadivayisi akhethekile angabekwa ngokunembile yizixhumanisi noma ngezixhumanisi zohlaka lwangaphandle noma umugqa omaphakathi wezingxenye.
I-4, ukwakheka kufanele kube ne-pre-layout kuqala, ungatholi ibhodi ukuthi liqale ukwakheka ngokuqondile, ukuhlelwa kwangaphambili kungahle kusekelwe ekubambeni kwemodyuli, ebhodini le-PCB ukudweba ukuhlaziywa kokugeleza kwesignali yomugqa, bese kusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kokugeleza kwesignali, ebhodini le-PCB ukuze udwebe umugqa wokusiza wemojuli, uhlole indawo elinganiselwe yemojuli ku-PCB kanye nobukhulu bebanga lomsebenzi. Dweba ububanzi bomugqa osizayo obungu-40mil, bese uhlola ukuqondana kwesakhiwo phakathi kwamamojula namamojula ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi engenhla, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
I-5, isakhiwo sidinga ukucabangela isiteshi esishiya ulayini wamandla, akufanele siqine kakhulu, ngokuhlela ukuthola ukuthi amandla avelaphi lapho kufanele aye khona, ikame isihlahla samandla.
6, izakhi ezishisayo (njengama-electrolytic capacitor, crystal oscillator) ukwakheka kufanele kube kude namandla kagesi namanye amathuluzi ashisayo aphezulu, ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni engenhla yokukhipha umoya.
7, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane umehluko ebucayi module, yonke ibhalansi layout ibhodi, lonke ibhodi wiring ukubhuka isiteshi
Izimpawu ze-voltage ephezulu kanye nephezulu-yamanje zihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nezimpawu ezibuthakathaka zamagagasi amancane kanye nama-voltages aphansi. Izingxenye ze-high-voltage zimbozwe kuzo zonke izingqimba ngaphandle kwethusi eyengeziwe. Ibanga le-creepage phakathi kwezingxenye ze-high-voltage liyahlolwa ngokuhambisana netafula elijwayelekile
Isignali ye-analog ihlukaniswa nesignali yedijithali enobubanzi bokuhlukanisa okungenani obungu-20mil, futhi i-analog ne-RF zihlelwe ngomumo we-'-' noma u-'L' ngokuvumelana nezidingo zedizayini ye-modular.
Isiginali yefrikhwensi ephezulu ihlukaniswa nesiginali yefrikhwensi ephansi, ibanga lokuhlukanisa okungenani li-3mm, futhi ukwakheka kwesiphambano akunakuqinisekiswa.
Isakhiwo samadivayisi esignali angukhiye afana ne-crystal oscillator nomshayeli wewashi kufanele kube kude nesakhiwo sesekethe yesixhumi esibonakalayo, hhayi emaphethelweni ebhodi, futhi okungenani kube ngu-10mm kude nonqenqema lwebhodi. I-crystal ne-crystal oscillator kufanele ibekwe eduze kwe-chip, ibekwe kungqimba olufanayo, ungabhobozi izimbobo, futhi ubeke indawo yomhlabathi.
Umjikelezo wesakhiwo ofanayo wamukela ukwakheka okujwayelekile "okulinganayo" (ukusetshenziswa kabusha okuqondile kwemojula efanayo) ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuvumelana kwesiginali.
Ngemuva kokuklanywa kwe-PCB, kufanele sihlaziye futhi sihlole ukuze senze ukukhiqiza kube bushelelezi.