I-CCL (Copper Clad Laminate) ithatha indawo eyisipele ku-PCB njengeleveli yereferensi, bese iyigcwalisa ngethusi eliqinile, elibuye laziwe ngokuthela ithusi.
Ukubaluleka kwe-CCL ngezansi:
- ukunciphisa i-impedance yomhlabathi futhi uthuthukise ikhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka
- ukunciphisa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla
- ixhunywe phansi futhi inganciphisa indawo ye-loop.
Njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile somklamo we-PCB, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isofthiwe yokuklama ye-Qingyue Feng PCB yasekhaya, futhi i-Protel yangaphandle, i-PowerPCB inikeze umsebenzi wethusi ohlakaniphile, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa kanjani ithusi elihle, ngizokwabelana nawe ngeminye imibono yami, ngithemba ukuletha. izinzuzo embonini.
Manje ukuze kwenziwe ukushisela kwe-PCB ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuguqulwa, abakhiqizi abaningi be-PCB bazophinde badinge umklami we-PCB ukuthi agcwalise indawo evulekile ye-PCB nge-copper noma i-grid-like ground wire. Uma i-CCL ingaphathwa kahle, izoholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu . Ingabe i-CCL “yinhle kakhulu kunokulimaza” noma “yimbi kakhulu kunokuhle”?
Ngaphansi kwesimo sefrikhwensi ephezulu, izosebenza ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe i-wiring capacitance, lapho ubude bungaphezu kuka-1/20 we-wavelength yomsindo ohambisanayo, bese ingaveza umphumela we-antenna, umsindo uzophuma ngezintambo, uma kukhona isisekelo esibi se-CCL ku-PCB, i-CCL yaba ithuluzi lomsindo wokudlulisa, ngakho-ke, kumjikelezo wemvamisa ephezulu, ungakholelwa ukuthi uma uxhuma ucingo oluphansi phansi endaweni ethile, lena "umhlabathi", Eqinisweni. , kumele kube ngaphansi kwesikhala esingu-λ/20, shaya imbobo ku-cabling kanye nendiza yaphansi ye-multilayer "esekelwe kahle". Uma i-CCL iphathwa kahle, ayikwazi nje ukwandisa okwamanje, kodwa futhi idlale indima emibili yokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo ze-CCL, okuyizingqimba zethusi zendawo enkulu kanye ne-mesh yethusi, evame ukubuzwa, ukuthi iyiphi ehamba phambili, okunzima ukuyisho. Kungani? Indawo enkulu ye-CCL, ngokukhula kwendima ekabili yamanje nevikelayo, kodwa kunendawo enkulu ye-CCL, ibhodi lingase libe nokusonteka, ngisho nebhamuza uma nge-wave soldering. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile izovula izikhala ezimbalwa ukunciphisa I-copper ecwebezelayo,I-CCL ye-mesh ivikela kakhulu, ukwandisa indima yamanje iyancishiswa, Ngokombono wokukhipha ukushisa, igridi inezinzuzo (inciphisa indawo yokushisa yethusi) futhi idlale indima ethile yokuvikela i-electromagnetic. Kodwa kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi igridi yenziwa ngokushintshana kokuqondisa kokugijima, siyazi ngobubanzi bomugqa wemvamisa yomsebenzi webhodi lesifunda linobude bayo "bukagesi" obuhambisanayo (usayizi wangempela ohlukaniswe imvamisa yokusebenza yedijithali ehambisanayo. imvamisa, izincwadi zekhonkrithi), lapho imvamisa yokusebenza ingekho phezulu, mhlawumbe indima yemigqa yegridi ayicacile, uma ubude bukagesi kanye nokufanisa imvamisa yokusebenza, kubi kakhulu, uzothola ukuthi isifunda ngeke sisebenze kahle, Uhlelo lokuphazamisa isignali yokuphuma lusebenza yonke indawo.Ngakho-ke, kulabo abasebenzisa igridi, iseluleko sami siwukuba bakhethe ngokuvumelana nezimo zokusebenza zomklamo webhodi lesifunda, kunokuba ubambelele entweni eyodwa.Ngakho-ke, izidingo zokunqanda ukuphazamiseka kwesekethe ephezulu igridi enezinjongo eziningi, isekethe yefrikhwensi ephansi enesekhethi yamanje ephezulu kanye nokunye okuvame ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwethusi lokwenziwa.
Ku-CCL, ukuze siyivumele ifinyelele umphumela olindelekile, izici ze-CCL zidinga ukunaka ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga:
1. Uma umhlabathi we-PCB ungaphezulu, ube ne-SGND, AGND, GND, njll., kuzoncika endaweni yobuso bebhodi le-PCB, ngokulandelanayo ukwenza “umhlabathi” oyinhloko njengendawo eyinkomba ye-CCL ezimele, iye kudijithali kanye i-analog ukuhlukanisa ithusi, ngaphambi kokukhiqiza i-CCL, okokuqala, izintambo zamandla ezihambisanayo ezinesibindi: 5.0 V, 3.3 V, njll.
2. Ngokuxhumeka kwephuzu elilodwa lezindawo ezahlukene, indlela yokuxhuma ngo-0 ohm ukumelana noma ubuhlalu obuzibuthe noma i-inductance;
3. I-CCL eduze kwe-crystal oscillator. I-crystal oscillator kumjikelezo iwumthombo wokuphuma kwemvamisa ephezulu. Indlela iwukuzungeza i-crystal oscillator nge-copper cladding bese ugaya igobolondo le-crystal oscillator ngokuhlukana.
4.Inkinga yendawo efile, uma uzwa ukuthi inkulu kakhulu, bese wengeza umhlabathi kuyo.
5. Ekuqaleni i-wiring, kufanele iphathwe ngokulinganayo i-wiring yomhlabathi, kufanele sishaye kahle umhlabathi lapho sifaka izintambo, asikwazi ukuthembela ekwengezeni i-vias lapho isiqedile i-CCL ukuqeda iphini lomhlabathi ukuze kuxhunywe, lo mphumela mkhulu kakhulu. kubi.
6. Kungcono ukungabi ne-Angle ebukhali ebhodini (=180 °), ngoba kusukela ekubukeni kwe-electromagnetism, lokhu kuzokwakha i-antenna yokudlulisa, ngakho-ke ngiphakamisa ukusebenzisa imiphetho ye-arc.
7. Indawo eyisipele ye-multilayer ephakathi nendawo, musa ithusi, ngoba kunzima ukwenza i-CCL "igxiliswe"
8.insimbi engaphakathi kwempahla, njengerediyetha yensimbi, i-metal reinforcement strip, kufanele ifinyelele "isisekelo esihle".
9.Ibhulokhi yensimbi epholisayo ye-voltage stabilizer yamatheminali amathathu kanye nebhande lokuzihlukanisa eliphansi eduze ne-crystal oscillator kufanele lisekelwe kahle. Ngamafuphi: i-CCL ku-PCB, uma inkinga yomhlabathi isingathwe kahle, kufanele ibe "yinhle kakhulu kunokubi", inganciphisa indawo yokubuyela emuva komugqa wesignali, inciphise isignali yokuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic yangaphandle.