Yonke i-PCB idinga isisekelo esihle: imiyalelo yomhlangano
Izici eziyisisekelo ze-PCB zifaka izinto ze-dielectric, ithusi nosayizi bokulandelela, kanye nezendlalelo zemishini noma izendlalelo zosayizi. Izinto ezisetshenziswa njenge-dielectric zinikeza imisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo ye-PCB. Lapho sakha ama-PCB ayinkimbinkimbi akwazi ukuphatha amasiginali wesivinini esikhulu, izinto ezisetshenziswa yi-dielectric zihlukanisa amasignali atholakala kuzingqimba eziseduze ze-PCB. Ukuzinza kwe-PCB kuncike ekungangeni okufanayo kwe-dielectric kuyo yonke indiza kanye ne-impedance efanayo phezu kwebanga elibanzi.
Nakuba kubonakala sengathi ithusi lisobala njengomqhubi, kuneminye imisebenzi. Izisindo ezihlukene kanye nobukhulu bethusi kuzothinta ikhono lesifunda ukuze kuzuzwe inani elifanele lamanje futhi kuchaze inani lokulahlekelwa. Ngokuqondene nendiza yaphansi kanye nendiza yamandla, ikhwalithi yesendlalelo sethusi izothinta i-impedance yendiza yaphansi kanye nokushisa okushisayo kwendiza yamandla. Ukufanisa ukujiya nobude bokubhangqwa kwesignali ehlukile kungahlanganisa ukuzinza nobuqotho bomjikelezo, ikakhulukazi kumasignali amaza aphezulu.
Imigqa yobukhulu bomzimba, izimpawu zobukhulu, amashidi edatha, imininingwane yenotshi, ngolwazi lwembobo, ulwazi lwethuluzi, nemiyalelo yokuhlanganisa ayichazi nje kuphela isendlalelo esiwumshini noma isendlalelo sobukhulu, kodwa futhi isebenza njengesisekelo sesilinganiso se-PCB. Ulwazi lomhlangano lulawula ukufakwa kanye nendawo yezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi. Njengoba inqubo "yomhlangano wesifunda ephrintiwe" ixhuma izingxenye ezisebenzayo kumkhondo ku-PCB, inqubo yokuhlanganisa idinga ukuthi ithimba lokuklama ligxile ebudlelwaneni phakathi kokuphathwa kwesignali, ukuphathwa kwe-thermal, ukubekwa kwephedi, imithetho yokuhlanganisa kagesi kanye nemishini, kanye nengxenye ukufakwa kuhlangabezana nezidingo zemishini.
Yonke imiklamo ye-PCB idinga imibhalo yomhlangano ku-IPC-2581. Eminye imibhalo ihlanganisa izikweletu zezinto zokwakha, idatha ye-Gerber, idatha ye-CAD, izinhlelo, imidwebo yokukhiqiza, amanothi, imidwebo yemihlangano, noma yikuphi ukucaciswa kokuhlolwa, noma yikuphi ukucaciswa kwekhwalithi, nazo zonke izidingo zokulawula. Ukunemba nemininingwane equkethwe kula madokhumenti kunciphisa noma yimaphi amathuba ephutha phakathi nenqubo yokuklama.
02
Imithetho okufanele ilandelwe: khipha futhi izendlalelo zomzila
Abasebenza ngogesi abafaka izintambo endlini kufanele balandele imithetho ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi izintambo azigobi kakhulu noma zingenwa kalula yizinzipho noma izikulufu ezisetshenziselwa ukufaka i-drywall. Ukudlulisa izintambo odongeni lwe-stud kudinga indlela engaguquki yokunquma ukujula nokuphakama kwendlela yomzila.
Isendlalelo sokugcina kanye nesendlalelo somzila sungula izingqinamba ezifanayo zedizayini ye-PCB. Isendlalelo sokugcina sichaza izingqinamba ezibonakalayo (njengokubekwa kwengxenye noma ukucaciswa komshini) noma imingcele kagesi (njengokugcina izintambo) yesofthiwe yokuklama. Isendlalelo sezintambo sisungula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye. Ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza nohlobo lwe-PCB, izendlalelo zezintambo zingabekwa phezulu nangaphansi noma izendlalelo zangaphakathi ze-PCB.
01
Thola indawo yendiza yaphansi nendiza yamandla
Indlu ngayinye inephaneli enkulu yesevisi kagesi noma isikhungo sokulayisha esingathola ugesi ongenayo ezinkampanini zensiza futhi iwusabalalise kumasekhethi anika amandla izibani, amasokhethi, izinto zikagesi, nemishini. Indiza ephansi kanye nendiza yamandla ye-PCB inikeza umsebenzi ofanayo ngokumisa isifunda nokusabalalisa ama-voltages ebhodi ahlukene ezingxenyeni. Njengephaneli yesevisi, izindiza zamandla nezasemhlabeni zingaqukatha amasegimenti ethusi amaningi avumela amasekhethi nama-subcircuits ukuthi axhunywe kumandla ahlukene.
02
Vikela ibhodi lesifunda, vikela izintambo
Abadwebi bezindlu abangochwepheshe baqopha ngokucophelela imibala nokuqedwa kosilingi, izindonga nemihlobiso. Ku-PCB, isendlalelo sokuphrinta isikrini sisebenzisa umbhalo ukuze ucacise indawo yezingxenye ezingaphezulu nezingaphansi. Ukuthola ulwazi ngokuphrinta isikrini kungasindisa ithimba lokuklama ekucaphuneni amadokhumenti omhlangano.
Ama-primers, amapende, amabala nama-varnish asetshenziswa abadwebi bezindlu anganezela imibala ekhangayo nokuthungwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezingaphezulu zingavikela indawo engaphezulu ekuwohlokeni. Ngokufanayo, lapho uhlobo oluthile lwemfucumfucu luwela kumkhondo, imaskhi encane ye-solder ku-PCB ingasiza i-PCB ivimbele umkhondo ukuthi ungafinyeleli.