01 >> Umqondo wezinhlobonhlobo eziningi namabheji amancane

Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-batch ezincane kubhekisele kwindlela yokukhiqiza lapho kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo (imininingwane, amamodeli, amasayizi isikhathi sokukhiqiza, kanye nenani elincane lemikhiqizo yohlobo ngalunye lukhiqizwa. .

Ngokuvamile, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokukhiqizwa ngobuningi, le ndlela yokukhiqiza inempumelelo ephansi, izindleko eziphakeme, akulula ukubona okuzenzakalelayo, futhi uhlelo lokukhiqiza nenhlangano kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo zomnotho wemakethe, abathengi bavame ukuguqula izinto zabo zokuzilibazisa, baphishekela imikhiqizo ethuthukile, ehlukile futhi ethandwayo ehlukile kwabanye.

Imikhiqizo emisha iyavela ngokungapheli, futhi ukunweba isabelo semakethe, izinkampani kumele zivumelane nalolu shintsho emakethe. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo yamabhizinisi sekuyindlela engenakugwenywa. Vele, kufanele sibone ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo nokuvela okungapheli kwemikhiqizo emisha, okuzokwenza futhi ukuthi imikhiqizo ethile isuswe ngaphambi kokuthi iphelelwe yisikhathi futhi isenenzuzo enkulu yokusebenzisa izinsiza zenhlalo. Le nto kufanele ivuse ukunakwa kwabantu.

02 >> Izici zezinhlobonhlobo eziningi namabheji amancane

1. Izinhlobo eziningi ngokufana

Njengoba imikhiqizo yezinkampani eziningi ilungiselelwe amakhasimende, imikhiqizo ehlukene inezidingo ezihlukile, futhi izinsiza zenkampani zisezinhlotsheni eziningi.

2 Ukwabelana ngezinsizakusebenza

Wonke umsebenzi ngenqubo yokukhiqiza udinga izinsiza, kepha izinsiza ezingasetshenziswa kwinqubo yangempela zilinganiselwe kakhulu. Isibonelo, inkinga yezingxabano zemishini evame ukuhlangana nenqubo yokukhiqiza ibangelwa ukwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza zephrojekthi. Ngakho-ke, izinsiza ezikhawulelwe kufanele zinikezwe kahle ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zephrojekthi.

3. Ukungaqiniseki komphumela we-oda kanye nomjikelezo wokukhiqiza

Ngenxa yokungazinzi kwesidingo samakhasimende, izindawo ezihlelwe ngokucacile azihambelani nomjikelezo ophelele womuntu, umshini, impahla, indlela, njll. , Ukukhulisa ubunzima bokulawulwa kokukhiqizwa.

4. Izinguquko ezintweni ezibonakalayo zidale ukubambezeleka okubucayi

Ngenxa yokufakwa noma ukuguqulwa kwe-oda, kunzima ukucubungula kwangaphandle kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla ukukhombisa isikhathi sokulethwa kwe-oda. Ngenxa ye-batch encane nomthombo owodwa wokuhlinzekwa, ubungozi bokuhlinzeka buphezulu kakhulu.

03 >> Ubunzima ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch

1. Inqubo yokuhlela indlela enamandla kanye nokuhanjiswa komugqa weyunithi ye-Virtual Unit

2. Ukuhlonza kanye nokushayela amabhodlela: ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhiqiza

I-3. Amabhodlela ama-Multi-Level: I-Bottleneck yomugqa womhlangano, i-bottleneck yomugqa obonakalayo wezingxenye, ukuthi ungazihlanganisa kanjani nemibhangqwana.

4 Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri, ama-batches wokudlulisa, njll.

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Imodeli yokukhiqiza ehlukahlukene kanye ne-batch-batch izobhekana nezinkinga eziningi ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi, njenge:

>>> Izinhlobo eziningi kanye nokukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch, ukuhlela okuxubile kunzima
>>> Ayikwazi ukuletha ngesikhathi, "Ukulwa Nemililo" Okwengeziwe Isikhathi
>>> I-oda lidinga ukulandela kakhulu
>>> Izinto eziza kuqala ekukhiqizeni zivame ukushintshwa, futhi uhlelo lwangempela alukwazi ukwenziwa
>>> yokusungula iyaqhubeka ukwanda, kepha izinto ezibalulekile zivame ukuntula
>>> Umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mude kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sokuhola sinwetshwe ngokungenakuphela

04 >> Ehlukahlukene, ukukhiqizwa kwe-batch okuncane nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi

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Ngenxa yokushintshwa njalo kwemikhiqizo, ukuguqulwa komkhiqizo nokulimanisa ukukhiqizwa kumele kwenziwe kaningi. Ngesikhathi soshintsho, amapharamitha wemishini adinga ukuguqulwa, ukufakwa kwamathuluzi nokulungiswa, ukulungiswa noma ukubizwa kwezinhlelo ze-CNC, njll. Kuzoba namaphutha noma okushiwoyo. Kwesinye isikhathi abasebenzi basanda kuqeda umkhiqizo wokugcina futhi abakabazi ngokugcwele noma bakhumbula izinto ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo zomkhiqizo omusha, futhi namanje "bacwiliswa" ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo wokugcina, okuholela emikhiqizweni engafanele kanye nokusakazwa komkhiqizo.

Eqinisweni, ekukhiqizweni okuncane kwe-batch, iningi lemikhiqizo yedoti likhiqizwa kwinqubo yokulungisa kabusha umkhiqizo kanye nemishini yokulungisa iphutha. Ngezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-batch-batch, ukunciphisa isikhafu ngesikhathi sokukhokhiswa kubaluleke kakhulu.

2. Imodi yokulawula yekhwalithi yesheke ngemuva kokuhlola

Izingqinamba ezibalulekile zohlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi zilawula inqubo nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuphelele.

Ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso senkampani, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ibhekwa nje njengendaba yomhlangano wokukhiqiza, kepha iminyango ehlukahlukene ayifakwa. Mayelana nokulawulwa kwenqubo, yize izinkampani eziningi zinemithethonqubo yenqubo, imithethonqubo yokusebenza kwemishini, imithetho yezokuphepha kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo kaJobe, zingezethuli kakhulu, futhi akukho zindlela zokuqapha, futhi ukwenziwa kwayo akuphezulu. Mayelana namarekhodi okusebenza, izinkampani eziningi azizange zenze izibalo futhi azizange ziwuthuthukise umkhuba wokuhlola amarekhodi okusebenza nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, amarekhodi amaningi asekuqaleni akayona into ngaphandle kwengxenye yephepha lokungcola.

3. Ubunzima ekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo yezibalo

Inqubo Yezibalo Control (SPC) ubuchwepheshe bekhwalithi yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi esebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola nokuqapha zonke izigaba zenqubo, basungule futhi balondoloze inqubo ezingeni elamukelekayo futhi ezinzile, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zihlangabezana nezidingo ezibekiwe.

Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo Yezibalo kuyindlela ebalulekile yokulawula ikhwalithi, kanye namashadi okulawula ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokulawulwa kwenqubo yezibalo. Kodwa-ke, ngoba amashadi wokulawula ngokwendabuko akhiqizwa ngevolumu enkulu, imvelo yokukhiqiza eqinile, kunzima ukufaka indawo endaweni yokukhiqiza ivolumu.

Ngenxa yenombolo encane yezingxenye ezicutshunguliwe, imininingwane eqoqwe ayihlangabezani nezidingo zokusebenzisa izindlela zendabuko zezibalo, okungukuthi, ishadi lokulawula alwenziwanga futhi umkhiqizo usuphelile. Ishadi lokulawula alizange lidlale indima yalo yokuvimbela futhi lilahlekelwe ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izindlela zezibalo ukulawula ikhwalithi.

I-05 >> Izinhlobo eziningi, izindlela zokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yekhwalithi encane

Izici zokukhiqiza zezinhlobonhlobo eziningi namabhethri amancane akhulisa ubunzima bokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthuthukiswa okuqinile kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngaphansi kwemibandela yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye nokukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch, kuyadingeka ukusungula imiyalo yokusebenza eningiliziwe, usebenzise umgomo we- "Vimbela kuqala", futhi wethule imiqondo yokuphatha ethuthukile Thuthukisa izinga lokuphatha.

1. Sungula Imiyalo Yomsebenzi Enemininingwane Nezinqubo Zokusebenza Ezijwayelekile Ngesikhathi Sokuthumela

Imiyalo yomsebenzi kufanele ifake phakathi uhlelo oludingekayo lokulawula izinombolo, inombolo yokulawula, izindlela zokuhlola nawo wonke amapharamitha azolungiswa. Lungiselela imiyalo yomsebenzi kusengaphambili, ungabheka ngokugcwele izici ezahlukahlukene, ngokuhlanganiswa kanye nokufunda, ukuqoqa ukuhlakanipha nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abaningi ukwenza ngcono ukunemba nokusebenza. Kunganciphisa ngempumelelo isikhathi se-online changer futhi kwandise izinga lokusetshenziswa kwemishini.

Inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile (i-SOP) izonquma isinyathelo ngasinye sokubulawa komsebenzi wokukhokhiswa. Thola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngesinyathelo ngasinye nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani ngokulandelana kwezikhathi. Isibonelo, uhlobo lwethuluzi lomshini we-CNC lungashintshwa ngokuya ngokulandelana kokushintsha imihlathi - ngokusho kwenombolo yamathuluzi esetshenziswe endaweni yokuhlola uhlelo-ukubeka uhlelo lwe-zero ngesinyathelo. Umsebenzi ohlakazekile wenziwa ngokulandelana okuthile ukugwema ukushiywa.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ngesinyathelo ngasinye, ukuthi ungasebenza kanjani nokuthi ungabheka kanjani futhi kuchaziwe. Isibonelo, ukuthi ungazithola kanjani ukuthi imihlathi i-eccentric ngemuva kokushintsha imihlathi. Kuyabonakala ukuthi inqubo evamile yokusebenza kwe-debugging ukusebenziseka kokusebenza kokulawulwa komsebenzi wokulungisa iphutha, ukuze zonke izisebenzi zikwazi ukwenza izinto ngokuya ngemithetho efanelekile yenqubo, futhi ngeke kube namaphutha amakhulu. Noma ngabe kunephutha, lingahlolwa ngokushesha nge-sop ukuthola inkinga futhi likuthuthukise.

2. Sebenzisa ngempela umgomo we- "Vikela kuqala"

Kuyadingeka ukuguqula i-theoretical "Prevention Okokuqala, ukuhlanganisa ukuvimbela kanye nokugcina kwesango" ekuvinjelweni "kwangempela". Lokhu akusho ukuthi abagcini-masango abasagciniwe, kepha umsebenzi wabagcini-masango uzothuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe, okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kubagcini-masango. Kubandakanya izici ezimbili: eyodwa isheke lekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, nesinyathelo esilandelayo ukubhekelwa kwekhwalithi yenqubo. Ukufinyelela imikhiqizo efanelekile eyi-100%, into yokuqala ebalulekile akuyona ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kepha ukulawulwa okuqinile kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kusenesikhathi.

06 >> Ungalungiselela kanjani izinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, uhlelo lokukhiqiza lwe-batch-batch

1. Indlela ebanzi yokulinganisa

Indlela ebanzi yokulinganisa isuselwa kwizidingo zemithetho yenhloso, ukuze kufinyelelwe izinhloso zohlelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izici ezifanele noma izinkomba ezisesikhathini sokuhlela zihlukaniswe kahle, zixhunywe komunye nomunye, futhi zihlanganiswe nomunye, zisebenzisana nohlobo lweshidi lokubhala elilinganayo. Izinkomba zohlelo. Ngokombono wethiyori yohlelo, okuwukugcina ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kohlelo ngokuhlelekile futhi kunengqondo. Isimo sendlela ebanzi yokubhala ukufeza ibhalansi ephelele futhi ephindaphindwayo ephelele ngezinkomba kanye nezimo zokukhiqiza, ukugcina ukulingana phakathi kwemisebenzi, izinsiza nezidingo, phakathi kwengxenye nokunye, naphakathi kwesikhathi eside. Naka ukuphathwa kwamakhulu ezinkampani, bese uthola idatha enkulu mahhala. Ilungele ukulungiselela uhlelo lokukhiqiza isikhathi eside. Kuyasiza ukuthi uthephe amandla abantu bamabhizinisi, imali nezinto zokwakha.

2. Indlela Yesilinganiso

Indlela ebanzi ibizwa nangokuthi indlela engaqondile. Isebenzisa isilinganiso esizinzile sesikhathi eside phakathi kwezinkomba ezimbili ezihamba phambili zomnotho ukubala nokunquma izinkomba ezifanele ngesikhathi sokuhlela. Kususelwa kusilinganiso phakathi kwamanani afanele, ngakho-ke kuthinteka kakhulu ngokunemba kwesilinganiso. Ngokuvamile kufanelekile izinkampani ezivuthiwe eziqongelela idatha yesikhathi eside.

3. Indlela ye-Quota

Indlela ye-Quota ukubala nokunquma izinkomba ezifanele zesikhathi sokuhlela ngokuya ngesilinganiso esifanele sezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho. Kubonakala ngokubalwa okulula nokunemba okuphezulu. Okubi ukuthi kuthinteka kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.

4. Umthetho we-Cyber

Indlela yenethiwekhi isuselwa kwimigomo eyisisekelo yobuchwepheshe bokuhlaziywa kwenethiwekhi ukubala nokunquma izinkomba ezifanele. Izici zalo zilula futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa, zihlelwe ngokulandelana kokusebenza, zingathola ngokushesha ukugxila kohlelo, ubukhulu besicelo bubanzi kakhulu, bufanele bonke abahamba ngempilo.

I-5.

Indlela yohlelo lokugoqa yindlela enamandla yokulungiselela uhlelo. Iguqula uhlelo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ngokuya ngohlelo ngesikhathi esithile, icubungula izinguquko ezimweni zangaphakathi nangaphandle zenhlangano, futhi zihlanganisa uhlelo lwesikhathi esifushane necebo lesikhathi eside kuyindlela yokulungisa uhlelo.

Indlela yohlelo lokugoqa inezimpawu ezilandelayo:

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2. Ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lwenziwe isikhathi esithile, okuqukethwe kwecebo nezinkomba ezihlobene kuzobuyekezwa, kulungiswe futhi kwenziwe ngezelwe ngokwesimo sokuqalisa kanye nezinguquko zemvelo;

I-3. Indlela yohlelo lokugoqa igwema ukuqina kohlelo, ithuthukisa ukuvumelana nezimo kohlelo kanye nokuholwa ngumsebenzi wangempela, futhi kuyindlela yokukhiqiza eguquguqukayo futhi eguquguqukayo;

4. Isimiso sokulungiselela sohlelo lokugoqa "cishe sihle futhi sibe kude", futhi imodi yokusebenza "yokusebenza, ukulungiswa, ukulungiswa kanye nokugingqa".
Lezi zici zikhombisa ukuthi indlela yohlelo lokugoqa ihlala ilungiswa futhi ibuyekezwe ngoshintsho ekufunweni kwemakethe, okuhambisana nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, indlela encane-ye-batch yokukhiqiza evumelana nezinguquko ekufunweni kwemakethe. Usebenzisa indlela yohlelo lokugoqa ukuqondisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi namabhethri amancane akunakuthuthukisa amandla okusebenza kwamabhizinisi ukujwayela nezinguquko ekufunweni kwemakethe, kodwa futhi kugcinwe ukuqina nokulinganisela.