01 >> Umqondo wezinhlobonhlobo eziningi namaqoqo amancane

Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqwana amancane kubhekisela endleleni yokukhiqiza lapho kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo (izicaciso, amamodeli, osayizi, izimo, imibala, njll.) njengendlela yokukhiqiza phakathi nesikhathi sokukhiqiza esishiwo, kanye nenani elincane lemikhiqizo. imikhiqizo yohlobo ngalunye ikhiqizwa..

Ngokuvamile, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokukhiqiza ngobuningi, le ndlela yokukhiqiza inokusebenza kahle okuphansi, izindleko eziphezulu, akulula ukuyibona i-automation, futhi uhlelo lokukhiqiza kanye nenhlangano kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo zomnotho wemakethe, abathengi bavame ukuhlukanisa izinto abazithandayo, baphishekele imikhiqizo ethuthukile, eyingqayizivele nedumile ehlukile kweminye.

Imikhiqizo emisha ivela ngokungapheli, futhi ukuze kwandiswe isabelo semakethe, izinkampani kufanele zivumelane nalolu shintsho emakethe.Ukuhlukahluka kwemikhiqizo yebhizinisi sekuphenduke inkambiso engenakugwema.Yebo, kufanele sibone ukuhlukahluka kwemikhiqizo kanye nokuvela okungapheli kwemikhiqizo emisha, okuzokwenza ukuthi eminye imikhiqizo iqedwe ngaphambi kokuba iphelelwe yisikhathi futhi isenayo inani lokusetshenziswa, okumosha kakhulu izinsiza zomphakathi.Lesi simo kufanele sivuse ukunaka kwabantu.

02>>Izici zezinhlobo eziningi namaqoqo amancane

1. Izinhlobo eziningi ngokuhambisana

Njengoba imikhiqizo yezinkampani eziningi ihlelelwe amakhasimende, imikhiqizo ehlukene inezidingo ezihlukene, kanti izinsiza zenkampani zikuzinhlobo eziningi.

2. Ukwabelana Ngezinsiza

Wonke umsebenzi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza udinga izinsiza, kodwa izinsiza ezingasetshenziswa ohlelweni lwangempela zilinganiselwe kakhulu.Isibonelo, inkinga yezingxabano zemishini evame ukuhlangana nayo ohlelweni lokukhiqiza ibangelwa ukwabelana kwezinsiza zephrojekthi.Ngakho-ke, izinsiza ezilinganiselwe kufanele zabiwe ngendlela efanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zephrojekthi.

3. Ukungaqiniseki komphumela we-oda kanye nomjikelezo wokukhiqiza

Ngenxa yokungazinzi kwesidingo samakhasimende, ama-node ahlelwe ngokucacile awahambisani nomjikelezo ophelele womuntu, umshini, impahla, indlela, kanye nemvelo, njll., umjikelezo wokukhiqiza uvame ukungaqiniseki, futhi amaphrojekthi anesikhathi somjikelezo onganele adinga izinsiza ezengeziwe., Ukwandisa ubunzima bokulawula ukukhiqiza.

4. Izinguquko ezidingweni zezinto ezibonakalayo zibangele ukubambezeleka okukhulu kokuthenga

Ngenxa yokufakwa noma ukuguqulwa kwe-oda, kunzima ukucubungula kwangaphandle kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla ukuze kubonise isikhathi sokulethwa kwe-oda.Ngenxa yeqoqo elincane kanye nomthombo owodwa wokunikezela, ubungozi bokuphakelwa buphezulu kakhulu.

03 >> Ubunzima ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-batch encane

1. Ukuhlelwa kwendlela yenqubo eguquguqukayo kanye nokuthunyelwa komugqa weyunithi ebonakalayo: ukufakwa kwe-oda eliphuthumayo, ukwehluleka kwemishini, ukukhukhuleka kwebhodlela.

2. Ukukhonjwa kanye nokukhukhuleka kwezingqinamba: ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhiqiza

3. Amabhodlela amaleveli amaningi: ibhodlela lomugqa wokuhlanganisa, ibhodlela lomugqa wezingxenye, indlela yokuxhumanisa nokubambana.

4. Usayizi webhafa: kungaba ukusilela emuva noma ukungaphazamisi kahle.Amaqoqo okukhiqiza, amaqoqo okudlulisa, njll.

5. Ukuhlela ukukhiqiza: ungacabangi nje kuphela ibhodlela, kodwa futhi ucabange nomthelela wezinsiza ezingezona ibhodlela.

Imodeli yokukhiqiza yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye namaqoqo amancane izophinde ihlangabezane nezinkinga eziningi ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi, njenge:

>>>Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi nezincane zokukhiqiza, ukuhlela okuxubile kunzima
>>>Ayikwazi ukuletha ngesikhathi, isikhathi esengeziwe “sokucima umlilo” esiningi kakhulu
>>>I-oda lidinga ukulandelelwa okuningi kakhulu
>>>Izinto ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza zivame ukushintshwa, futhi uhlelo lwangempela alukwazi ukuqaliswa
>>>Inventory iyaqhubeka nokwanda, kodwa izinto ezibalulekile ngokuvamile azikho
>>>Umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mude kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sokuhola sinwetshwa ngokungenamkhawulo

04>>Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ukukhiqizwa kwenqwaba encane kanye nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi

1. Izinga eliphezulu le-scrap ngesikhathi sesigaba sokugunyazwa

Ngenxa yokushintsha njalo kwemikhiqizo, ukuguqulwa komkhiqizo kanye nokulungisa iphutha lokukhiqiza kufanele kwenziwe njalo.Ngesikhathi soshintsho, imingcele yemishini idinga ukuguqulwa, ukushintshwa kwamathuluzi nezinto ezilungiswayo, ukulungiswa noma ukubizwa kwezinhlelo ze-CNC, njll., azinangqondo kancane.Kuzoba namaphutha noma ukweqiwa.Ngezinye izikhathi izisebenzi zisanda kuqeda umkhiqizo wokugcina futhi azikaqondi ngokugcwele noma azikakhumbuli izinto ezidingekayo zokusebenza ezifanele zomkhiqizo omusha, futhi “zisacwile” ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo wokugcina, okuholela emikhiqizweni engafanelekile kanye nokulahlwa komkhiqizo.

Eqinisweni, ekukhiqizweni kweqoqo elincane, izinto eziningi ezilahlwayo zikhiqizwa ngenqubo yokulungiswa kabusha komkhiqizo kanye nemishini yokulungisa iphutha.Ngokukhiqiza okuhlukahlukene kanye namaqoqo amancane, ukunciphisa izinsalela ngesikhathi sokuthunywa kubaluleke kakhulu.

2. Imodi yokulawula ikhwalithi yokuhlola ngemva kokuhlolwa

Izinkinga ezibalulekile zohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi ukulawulwa kwenqubo kanye nokuphathwa kwekhwalithi isiyonke.

Ngaphakathi kobubanzi benkampani, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ithathwa kuphela njengendaba yomhlangano wokukhiqiza, kodwa iminyango eyahlukene ayifakiwe.Mayelana nokulawulwa kwenqubo, nakuba izinkampani eziningi zinemithetho yenqubo, imithetho yokusebenza kwemishini, imithetho yokuphepha kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo yomsebenzi, kungenxa yokungasebenzi kahle futhi Kunzima kakhulu, futhi azikho izindlela zokuqapha, futhi ukuqaliswa kwayo akuphakeme.Mayelana namarekhodi okusebenza, izinkampani eziningi azizange zenze izibalo futhi azikaze zibe nomkhuba wokuhlola amarekhodi okusebenza nsuku zonke.Ngakho-ke, amarekhodi amaningi okuqala awalutho ngaphandle kwenqwaba yephepha elilahlwayo.

3. Ubunzima bokusebenzisa ukulawula inqubo yezibalo

I-Statistical Process Control (SPC) ubuchwepheshe bokuphatha ikhwalithi obusebenzisa amasu ezibalo ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuqashwe zonke izigaba zenqubo, ukusungula nokugcina inqubo isezingeni elamukelekayo nelizinzile, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo namasevisi ahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile.

Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yezibalo kuyindlela ebalulekile yokulawula ikhwalithi, futhi amashadi okulawula awubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokulawula inqubo yezibalo.Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi amashadi okulawula endabuko akhiqizwa endaweni yokukhiqiza enevolumu enkulu, eqinile, kunzima ukuwasebenzisa endaweni yokukhiqiza ivolumu encane.

Ngenxa yenani elincane lezingxenye ezicutshunguliwe, idatha eqoqiwe ayihlangabezani nezidingo zokusebenzisa izindlela zezibalo zendabuko, okungukuthi, ishadi lokulawula alenziwanga futhi ukukhiqizwa kuphelile.Ishadi lokulawula alizange lidlale indima yalo yokuvimbela efanele futhi lalahlekelwa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izindlela zezibalo ukulawula ikhwalithi.

05>>Izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza okuhlukahlukene, amaqoqo amancane

Izici zokukhiqiza zezinhlobo eziningi namaqoqo amancane zandisa ubunzima bokulawula ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngaphansi kwezimo zezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwenqwaba encane, kuyadingeka ukusungula imiyalelo enemininingwane yokusebenza, ukusebenzisa isimiso "sokuvimbela kuqala", kanye nokwethula imiqondo yokuphatha Okuthuthukile ithuthukisa izinga lokuphatha.

1. Sungula imiyalo enemininingwane yomsebenzi kanye nezinqubo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza phakathi nesigaba sokuthuma

Umyalelo womsebenzi kufanele uhlanganise nohlelo lokulawula izinombolo oludingekayo, inombolo yemidlalo, izindlela zokuhlola kanye nayo yonke imingcele okufanele ilungiswe.Lungiselela iziyalezo zomsebenzi kusenesikhathi, ungacabangela ngokugcwele izici ezihlukahlukene, ngokuhlanganisa nokuhlola amaphutha, uqoqe ukuhlakanipha nolwazi lwabantu abaningi ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba nokuba nokwenzeka.Kungase futhi kunciphise ngempumelelo isikhathi sokushintsha ku-inthanethi futhi kukhuphule izinga lokusebenzisa okokusebenza.

Inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile (i-SOP) izonquma isinyathelo ngasinye sokwenza umsebenzi wokuthuma.Nquma ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze esinyathelweni ngasinye nokuthi ukwenze kanjani ngokulandelana kwesikhathi.Isibonelo, uhlobo lwethuluzi lomshini we-CNC lungashintshwa ngokuya ngokulandelana kokushintsha imihlathi-ukubiza uhlelo ngokwenombolo yethuluzi elisetshenziswe ekusethweni kwethuluzi lokuhlola-ukubeka indawo yokusebenza-ukusetha ukusebenza kwephuzu elinguziro. uhlelo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.Umsebenzi ohlakazekile wenziwa ngendlela ethile ukuze ugweme ukushiywa.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesinyathelo ngasinye, indlela yokusebenza kanye nendlela yokuhlola nayo ibekiwe.Isibonelo, indlela yokuthola ukuthi imihlathi i-eccentric ngemva kokushintsha imihlathi.Kungabonakala ukuthi inqubo yokusebenza evamile yokulungisa iphutha iwukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwendawo yokulawula yomsebenzi wokususa amaphutha, ukuze wonke umsebenzi akwazi ukwenza izinto ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo efanele yenqubo, futhi angeke abe namaphutha amakhulu.Noma ngabe kunephutha, lingasheshe lihlolwe nge-SOP ukuze kutholwe inkinga futhi kuthuthukiswe.

2. Sebenzisa ngempela isimiso "sokuvimbela kuqala"

Kuyadingeka ukuguqula ithiyori "yokuvimbela kuqala, ukuhlanganisa ukuvimbela nokugcinwa kwesango" ekuvimbeleni "kwangempela".Lokhu akusho ukuthi abagcini bamasango abasavaliwe, kodwa umsebenzi wabalindisango kufanele uthuthukiswe, okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwabalindisango.Kuhlanganisa izici ezimbili: eyodwa isheke lekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, futhi isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola ikhwalithi yenqubo.Ukuze uzuze imikhiqizo efanelekayo engu-100%, into yokuqala ebalulekile ayikona ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kodwa ukulawulwa okuqinile kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kusengaphambili.

06>>Indlela yokulungiselela uhlelo lokukhiqiza oluhlukahlukene, lwamaqoqo amancane

1. Indlela yebhalansi ephelele

Indlela yebhalansi ebanzi isekelwe ezidingweni zemithetho yenhloso, ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo zohlelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izici ezifanele noma izinkomba esikhathini sokuhlela zilinganiswa ngokufanele, zixhunywe komunye nomunye, futhi zixhunyaniswe nomunye nomunye, kusetshenziswa ifomu lebhalansi ukuze kunqunywe ngokuhlaziywa okuphindaphindiwe kwebhalansi nokubala.Izinkomba zokuhlela.Ngokombono wethiyori yesistimu, lokho kuwukugcina ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwesistimu kuhlelekile futhi kunengqondo.Isici sendlela yebhalansi ebanzi ukwenza ibhalansi ebanzi ephindaphindwayo ngokusebenzisa izinkomba nezimo zokukhiqiza, ukugcina ukulingana phakathi kwemisebenzi, izinsiza kanye nezidingo, phakathi kwengxenye nayo yonke, naphakathi kwemigomo nesikhathi eside.Naka abaphathi bezinkampani ezingamakhulu, futhi uthole idatha enkulu mahhala.Ilungele ukulungiselela uhlelo lokukhiqiza lwesikhathi eside.Kuyasiza ukuzuza amandla abantu bebhizinisi, ezezimali kanye nezinto zokwakha.

2. Indlela yokulinganisa

Indlela yokulinganisa ibizwa nangokuthi indlela engaqondile.Isebenzisa isilinganiso sesikhathi eside esizinzile phakathi kwezinkomba zomnotho ezimbili ezifanele ukuze ubale nokunquma izinkomba ezifanele esikhathini sokuhlela.Isekelwe esilinganisweni phakathi kwamanani afanele, ngakho ithintwa kakhulu ukunemba kwesilinganiso.Ngokujwayelekile ifanele izinkampani ezikhulile eziqongelela idatha yesikhathi eside.

3. Indlela ye-Quota

Indlela yesabelo iwukubala kanye nokunquma izinkomba ezifanele zesikhathi sokuhlela ngokuya ngesabelo esifanele sobuchwepheshe nezomnotho.Ibonakala ngokubala okulula nokunemba okuphezulu.Ububi ukuthi buthintwa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo kanye nenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe.

4. Umthetho We-Cyber

Indlela yenethiwekhi isekelwe ezimisweni eziyisisekelo zobuchwepheshe bokuhlaziya inethiwekhi ukuze ubale futhi unqume izinkomba ezifanele.Izici zayo zilula futhi zisebenziseka kalula, zihlelwe ngokuvumelana nokuhleleka kokusebenza, zinganquma ngokushesha ukugxila kohlelo, ububanzi bokusebenza bukhulu kakhulu, bufaneleka kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila.

5. Indlela yohlelo lokugoqa

Indlela yokuhlela iyindlela eguquguqukayo yokulungiselela uhlelo.Ilungisa uhlelo ngesikhathi esifanele ngokuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kohlelo ngesikhathi esithile, icubungula izinguquko ezimweni zemvelo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zenhlangano, futhi ngokufanele yelule uhlelo isikhathi esithile, kuhlanganiswe isikhathi esifushane. hlela ngohlelo lwesikhathi eside Kuyindlela yokulungisa uhlelo.

Indlela yokugoqa inezici ezilandelayo:

1. Uhlelo luhlukaniswe izikhathi eziningana zokwenziwa, phakathi kwazo uhlelo lwesikhathi esifushane kufanele lunemininingwane futhi lucacise, kuyilapho uhlelo lwesikhathi eside lunzima uma kuqhathaniswa;

2. Ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo selwenziwe isikhathi esithile, okuqukethwe yipulani nezinkomba ezihambisanayo kuzobuyekezwa, kulungiswe futhi kwengezwe ngokwesimo sokusebenza kanye nezinguquko zemvelo;

3. Indlela yohlelo lokugoqa igwema ukuqiniswa kohlelo, ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwepulani kanye nesiqondiso somsebenzi wangempela, futhi iyindlela yohlelo lokukhiqiza eguquguqukayo neguquguqukayo;

4. Umgomo wokulungiselela wohlelo lokugoqa “ucishe ube muhle futhi unzima kakhulu”, futhi imodi yokusebenza “iwukusebenzisa, ukulungisa, nokugingqa”.
Lezi zici zibonisa ukuthi indlela yohlelo lokugoqa ihlale ilungiswa futhi ibuyekezwa nezinguquko ezifunwayo zemakethe, eziqondana nendlela yokukhiqiza ehlukahlukene, enamaqoqo amancane evumelana nezinguquko zesidingo semakethe.Ukusebenzisa indlela ye-rolling plan ukuze kuqondiswe ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo eziningi kanye namaqoqo amancane angeke nje kuthuthukise ikhono lamabhizinisi lokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko ezifunwayo ezimakethe, kodwa futhi nokugcina ukuzinza kanye nokulingana kokukhiqizwa kwazo, okuyindlela ekahle.