Emkhakheni wezogesi, i-PCB enezingqimba eziningi (Ibhodi Lesifunda Eliphrintiwe) idlala indima ebalulekile. Ukuklanywa nokukhiqizwa kwayo kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni nasekuthembekeni kwemishini yesimanje ye-elekthronikhi. Lesi sihloko sizocubungula izici zayo ezibalulekile, ukucatshangelwa kwesakhiwo, nezindawo zohlelo lokusebenza ukuze kunikezwe umbono obanzi. Ngokuyihlaziya, singakuqonda kangcono ukubaluleka kwayo kubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi.
1, idizayini yebhodi le-PCB enezingqimba eziningi ayikona ukupakishwa okulula kwamabhodi amaningi anesendlalelo esisodwa, kodwa isiyalo sobunjiniyela esiyinkimbinkimbi. Esigabeni sokuklama, into yokuqala okufanele icatshangelwe yinkimbinkimbi nokuqina kwesifunda. Ngokuphishekela okuqhubekayo kokusebenza emishinini yesimanje kagesi, ubunkimbinkimbi bezifunda buyanda, ngakho-ke ukuklama kwayo kudinga ukukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuminyana okuphezulu nokusebenza okuningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izidingo zokusebenza zamadivayisi we-elekthronikhi nazo ziyanda, futhi ukuklama kwazo kudinga ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kokudluliswa kwesignali.
2, inqubo yokukhiqiza yebhodi le-PCB enezingqimba eziningi nayo iyingxenye ebalulekile. Esigabeni sokukhiqiza, izinqubo ezithuthukile nobuchwepheshe kubalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-lamination obuthuthukisiwe, ikhwalithi yokuxhuma kwe-interlayer ingathuthukiswa ngempumelelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kokudluliswa kwesignali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezifanele nakho kuyisici esingenakunakwa enqubweni yokukhiqiza, izinkambu ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza zinezidingo ezihlukene zezinto zokwakha, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhetha ukwaziswa okufanele ngokwesimo esithile sohlelo lokusebenza ekukhiqizeni.
I-3, ibhodi ye-PCB enezingqimba eziningi inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza emkhakheni we-electronics. Okokuqala, idlala indima ebalulekile emishinini ye-elekthronikhi ephezulu, njengemishini yokuxhumana, i-hardware yekhompiyutha nokunye. Ukuminyana kwayo okuphezulu nokuzinza kuvumela lawa madivayisi ukuthi ahlangabezane kangcono nezimfuneko zokusebenza zabasebenzisi. Okwesibili, emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi yezimoto, ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ezinhlelweni zikagesi zezimoto, njengokuhamba, ukuzijabulisa nokunye. Ngenxa yokuthembeka okuphezulu nokuqina kwezidingo zama-elekthronikhi ezimoto, amabhodi e-PCB anezingqimba eziningi abe ingxenye ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde yabonisa izinzuzo zayo eziyingqayizivele emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha, ukulawulwa kwezimboni nokunye.
Okokuqala, ake sigxile enqubweni yokukhiqiza yamabhodi anezingqimba ezimbili ze-PCB. Ukukhiqiza kwe-PCB yesimanje kuvame ukusebenzisa amasu athuthukile amakhemikhali okuhlanganisa ukwenza amaphethini wesekethe ngokumboza iphethini phezu kwembondela yethusi bese usebenzisa isixazululo samakhemikhali ukugqwala izingxenye ezingafunwa. Le nqubo ayidingi kuphela imishini yokunemba okuphezulu, kodwa futhi nokulawula inqubo eqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuzinza kwebhodi. Ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB, izinqubo ezintsha nezinto zokwakha ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, zinikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuthuthukiswa kwayo kokusebenza.
Emkhakheni wokufaka isicelo, ibhodi le-PCB elinezingqimba ezimbili lisetshenziswe kabanzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemishini kagesi. Kusukela kuma-electronics abathengi kuya kuzilawuli zezimboni, kusukela kumishini yezokwelapha kuya ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana, kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile kukagesi nokuthembeka okuhle kuyenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemikhiqizo yesimanje kagesi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuguquguquka kokuklama kwayo kunikeza amathuba amaningi ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zemikhakha ehlukene yebhodi.
Kodwa-ke, ngokuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo nokuhlukahluka kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, izimfuneko zamabhodi anezingqimba ezimbili ze-PCB nazo ziyakhula. Ngokuzayo, singabheka phambili ekutheni kube khona ukuminyana okuphezulu kanye nezinga eliphakeme lamabhodi anezendlalelo ezimbili ze-PCB ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesizukulwane esisha samadivayisi kagesi. Ukuphumelela okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza kuzothuthukisa intuthuko yayo ngendlela ebheke ekusebenzeni okuncane nokuphezulu, kuvule isikhala esisha sokusungula izinto ezintsha emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi.
1. Masibe nokuqonda okujulile kwesakhiwo esithile sebhodi le-PCB elinezingqimba ezi-4.
Ibhodi ngokuvamile liqukethe izingqimba ezimbili zomqhubi wangaphakathi kanye nezingqimba ezimbili ze-substrate yangaphandle. Isendlalelo se-conductor yangaphakathi sinesibopho sokuxhuma izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-elekthronikhi ukuze zakhe isekethe, kuyilapho ungqimba lwe-substrate olungaphandle lusebenza njengesisekelo kanye nokwahlukanisa. Lo mklamo uvumela onjiniyela be-elekthronikhi ukuthi bahlele izingxenye zesekethe ngokuguquguqukayo, bathuthukise ukuhlanganiswa nokusebenza kwesekethe.
2, inzuzo yesakhiwo sebhodi le-PCB enezingqimba ezi-4 wukusebenza kwayo okuhle kokuhlukanisa isignali.
Isendlalelo se-conductor yangaphakathi sihlukaniswa ngezinto zokufakelwa kukagesi, ezihlukanisa ngokuphumelelayo amazinga ahlukene esignali. Lokhu kusebenza kokuhlukanisa isignali kubalulekile kumadivaysi e-elekthronikhi ayinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi emazingeni aphezulu kanye nezicelo zokuminyana okuphezulu.Ngokuklama okunengqondo nokuhlelwa kwesendlalelo sangaphakathi, ibhodi le-PCB elinezingqimba ezi-4 linganciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali, lithuthukise ukuzinza kwesifunda, futhi liqinisekise ukwethembeka imishini.
Idizayini yesakhiwo sebhodi ye-3, 4 ye-PCB nayo iyasiza ekuqedeni ukushisa.
Amadivaysi e-elekthronikhi akhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ukuchithwa kokushisa okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini. Ibhodi ye-PCB enezingqimba ezi-4 iphinde ikhulise isiteshi se-thermal conductivity ngokukhulisa isendlalelo sangaphakathi somqhubi, okusiza ukudlulisa nokukhipha ukushisa. Lokhu kuvumela okokusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi ukuthi kugcine kangcono izinga lokushisa elizinzile ngesikhathi sokusebenza komthwalo omkhulu, kunwebe impilo yesevisi yezinto zokusebenza.
4, 4-ungqimba PCB board futhi lenza kahle mayelana izintambo.
Isendlalelo se-conductor yangaphakathi sivumela ukuklama kwezintambo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezihlangene, ukunciphisa indawo yokunyathelisa yesikhala sesekethe. Lokhu kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwedivayisi ye-elekthronikhi engasindi kanye nencane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umklamo we-wiring oyinkimbinkimbi futhi unikeza ithuba lokuhlanganiswa kwamamojula ahlukene asebenzayo, ukuze idivayisi ye-elekthronikhi ikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza okuqinile okusebenzayo ngenkathi incane.
Isakhiwo sebhodi le-PCB enezingqimba ezi-4 sidlala indima ebalulekile kubunjiniyela besimanje be-elekthronikhi, futhi ukuklama kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwesakhiwo kunikeza ukuguquguquka, ukuzinza kokusebenza kanye nokukhishwa kokushisa kwamadivayisi kagesi, okwenza kube kuhle ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, singalindela amabhodi e-PCB anezendlalelo ezi-4 ukuthi abonise uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza emikhakheni eminingi, alethe ukuqamba okusha kanye nempumelelo kubunjiniyela be-elekthronikhi.
Sekuhlanganiswe ndawonye, ibhodi le-PCB elinezingqimba eziningi njengengxenye ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe besimanje be-elekthronikhi, ukwakheka nokukhiqizwa kwayo kubalulekile. Esigabeni sokuklama kwesifunda, ubunzima nobuningi besifunda kufanele kucatshangelwe. Esigabeni sokukhiqiza, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe bese ukhetha izinto ezifanele. Ububanzi bayo bezinhlelo zokusebenza buhlanganisa izinkambu eziningi ezifana nezokuxhumana, amakhompyutha, nezimoto, okuhlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sokusebenza nokuthembeka kwemishini ehlukahlukene kagesi. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ukuklama nokukhiqiza kwayo kuzoqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselele ezintsha, kodwa kuzohlinzeka ngendawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwemishini kagesi.
