Iphutha elivamile 17: Lezi zimpawu zebhasi zonke zidonswa ngabaphikisi, ngakho-ke ngizizwa ngikhululekile.

Isixazululo esihle: Ziningi izizathu zokuthi kungani amasignali kudingeka adonswe phansi naphezulu, kodwa akuwona wonke adinga ukudonswa. I-resistor yokudonsa nokudonsa phansi idonsa isignali yokufaka elula, futhi yamanje ingaphansi kwamashumi ama-microamperes, kodwa uma isignali eshayelwayo idonswa, yamanje izofinyelela izinga le-milliamp. Isistimu yamanje ivamise ukuba namabhithi angu-32 edatha yekheli ngayinye, futhi kungase kube Uma ibhasi elingalodwa elingu-244/245 kanye nezinye izimpawu zidonswa, ama-watts ambalwa okusetshenziswa kwamandla azosetshenziswa kulezi zixhasi (ungasebenzisi umqondo wokuthi 80 amasenti nge-kilowatt-ihora ukwelapha lawa mawathi ambalwa okusetshenziswa kwamandla, isizathu siphansi Bheka).

Iphutha elivamile 18: Isistimu yethu inikwa amandla yi-220V, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathalela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Isixazululo esihle: ukuklama kwamandla aphansi akukona nje okonga amandla, kodwa futhi ukunciphisa izindleko zamamojula wamandla nezinhlelo zokupholisa, nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwemisebe ye-electromagnetic kanye nomsindo oshisayo ngenxa yokunciphisa okwamanje. Njengoba izinga lokushisa ledivayisi lincipha, impilo yedivayisi inwetshwa ngokufanayo (izinga lokushisa lokusebenza ledivayisi ye-semiconductor likhuphuka ngama-degree angu-10, futhi ukuphila kufinyezwa ngesigamu). Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kufanele kucatshangelwe noma nini.

Iphutha elivamile 19: Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwalawa ma-chips amancane kuphansi kakhulu, ungakhathazeki ngakho.

Isixazululo esihle: Kunzima ukunquma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-chip yangaphakathi engaxakile kakhulu. Inqunywa ngokuyinhloko i-current on the pin. I-ABT16244 idla ngaphansi kuka-1 mA ngaphandle komthwalo, kodwa inkomba yayo yiphini ngalinye. Ingakwazi ukushayela umthwalo we-60 mA (njengokufanisa ukumelana kwamashumi ama-ohms), okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu komthwalo ogcwele kungafinyelela ku-60 * 16 = 960mA. Yiqiniso, amandla okunikezwa kwamandla kuphela amakhulu kakhulu, futhi ukushisa kuwela emthwalweni.

Iphutha elivamile 20: Ungabhekana kanjani nalawa machweba we-I/O angasetshenzisiwe we-CPU ne-FPGA? Ungayishiya ingenalutho bese ukhuluma ngayo kamuva.

Isixazululo esihle: Uma izimbobo ze-I/O ezingasetshenzisiwe zishiywa zintanta, zingaba amasignali okokufaka anyakazayo ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuphazamiseka okuncane okuvela emhlabeni wangaphandle, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwamadivayisi e-MOS kuncike ngokuyisisekelo enanini lokuphenduka kwesekethe yesango. Uma idonselwa phezulu, iphinikhodi ngayinye izophinde ibe ne-microampere current, ngakho-ke indlela engcono kakhulu ukuyibeka njengokuphumayo (impela, azikho ezinye izimpawu ezinokushayela ezingaxhunywa ngaphandle).

Iphutha Elivamile 21: Kuneminyango eminingi esele kule FPGA, ngakho-ke ungayisebenzisa.

Isixazululo esihle: Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-FGPA kulingana nenani lama-flip-flops asetshenzisiwe kanye nenani lama-flips, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kohlobo olufanayo lwe-FPGA kumasekhethi ahlukene kanye nezikhathi ezihlukene kungase kuhluke izikhathi ezingu-100. Ukunciphisa inani lama-flip-flop wokuphenyisa ngesivinini esikhulu kuyindlela eyisisekelo yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-FPGA.

Iphutha elivamile 22: Inkumbulo inezimpawu eziningi zokulawula. Ibhodi lami lidinga kuphela ukusebenzisa amasiginali we-OE kanye ne-WE. Okukhethiwe kwe-chip kufanele kubekwe phansi, ukuze idatha iphume ngokushesha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokufundwa.

Isixazululo esihle: Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezinkumbulo eziningi lapho ukukhethwa kwe-chip kuvumelekile (kungakhathalekile ukuthi i-OE ne-WE) kuzoba kukhulu ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-100 kunalapho ukukhethwa kwe-chip kungavumelekile. Ngakho-ke, i-CS kufanele isetshenziselwe ukulawula i-chip ngangokunokwenzeka, nezinye izidingo kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo. Kungenzeka ukunciphisa ububanzi be-chip khetha ishayela.

Iphutha elivamile 23: Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuwumsebenzi wabasebenzi behadiwe, futhi akuhlangene nesofthiwe.

Isixazululo esihle: I-Hardware iyisiteji nje, kepha isoftware ingumenzi. Ukufinyelela cishe kwawo wonke ama-chip ebhasini kanye nokuphenduka kwawo wonke amasignali kucishe kulawulwa isofthiwe. Uma isofthiwe inganciphisa inani lokufinyelela kumemori yangaphandle (isebenzisa okuguquguqukayo kwerejista okwengeziwe, Ukusetshenziswa Kakhudlwana kwe-CACHE yangaphakathi, njll.), ukusabela okufika ngesikhathi ekuphazamiseni (iziphazamiso ngokuvamile zisebenza ngezinga eliphansi neziphikisayo zokudonsa), nokunye. izinyathelo eziqondile zamabhodi athile zizoba negalelo elikhulu ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukuze ibhodi liguquke kahle, i-hardware nesofthiwe kufanele kubanjwe ngezandla zombili!

Iphutha elivamile 24: Kungani lezi zimpawu zidlula ngokweqile? Uma nje umdlalo umuhle, ungaqedwa.

Isixazululo esihle: Ngaphandle kwamasiginali athile athile (afana ne-100BASE-T, CML), kukhona ukudubuleka ngokweqile. Uma nje ingenkulu kakhulu, ayidingi ngempela ukumataniswa. Noma ngabe ifaniswe, ayifani neze kahle kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-impedance yokukhiphayo ye-TTL ingaphansi kwama-ohms angu-50, kanti abanye ngisho nama-ohms angu-20. Uma kusetshenziswa ukumelana okunjalo okukhulu okufanayo, okwamanje kuzoba kukhulu kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngeke kwamukeleke, futhi i-amplitude yesignali izoba mncane kakhulu ukuthi isetshenziswe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuvimbela okukhiphayo kwesignali evamile lapho ukhipha izinga eliphezulu futhi ukhipha izinga eliphansi akufani, futhi kungenzeka futhi ukuzuza ukufanisa okuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ukufaniswa kwe-TTL, LVDS, 422 nezinye izimpawu kungamukeleka inqobo nje uma kufinyelelwa i-overshoot.