1. Inhloso ye-PCB Design kufanele icace. Ngemigqa ye-Signal ebalulekile, ubude be-wiring kanye nokucubungula izihibe zomhlaba kufanele kube nzima kakhulu. Ngemigqa yesiginali enesivinini esiphansi futhi engabalulekile, ingabekwa ekwelweni kwe-wiring ephansi kancane. . Izingxenye ezibalulekile zifaka: Ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla; Ubude bezidingo zemigqa yewashi lememori, imigqa yokulawula kanye nemigqa yedatha; I-wiring yemigqa ehlukile yejubane, njll. Kuphrojekthi a, i-chip yememori isetshenziselwa ukuqaphela inkumbulo ye-DDR ngosayizi we-1g. I-wiring yale ngxenye ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-topology kwemigqa yokulawula kanye nemigqa yamakheli, kanye nokulawulwa komehluko wobude kwemigqa yedatha kanye nemigqa yewashi kumele kubhekwe. Kule nqubo, ngokusho kwephepha ledatha le-chip kanye nemvamisa yangempela yokusebenza, imithetho ethile ye-wiring ingatholakala. Isibonelo, ubude bemigqa yedatha eqenjini elifanayo akufanele buhluka ngamakhilomitha amaningi, futhi umehluko wobude phakathi kwesiteshi ngasinye akufanele udlule mangaki amalungu. Mil nokunye. Lapho lezi zidingo zinqunywa, abaklami be-PCB bangadingeka ngokucacile ukuba basebenzise. Uma zonke izidingo ezibalulekile zomzila ekwakhiweni zicacile, zingaguqulwa zibe yizingqinamba zomzila wonke, kanye nesoftware ye-othomathikhi yokuhambisa e-CAD ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukwakheka kwe-PCB. Futhi kuyindlela yokuthuthuka ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB ephezulu kakhulu.

2. Ukuhlola nokulungisa iphutha lapho ulungiselela ukulungisa iphutha ibhodi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ngokucophelela okubonakalayo, hlola ukuthi ngabe kukhona amamodeli abonakalayo akhona ngesikhathi senkomba yokuqala, bese usebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala ukumelana kwamandla okusebenza ngakunye ukuze uhlole ukuthi ngabe kukhona umjikelezo omfushane. Lo mkhuba omuhle ungakugwema ukulimala kwebhodi ngemuva kokuvuselelwa amandla. Esezinhlelweni zokwenza iphutha, kufanele ube nomqondo onokuthula. Kuyinto evamile kakhulu ukubhekana nezinkinga. Okudingayo ukukwenza ukwenza ukuqhathanisa okuningi nokuhlaziywa, futhi kancane kancane kwasusa izimbangela ezingaba khona. Kufanele ukholelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi "konke kungaxazululwa" nokuthi "izinkinga kufanele zixazululwe." Kunesizathu sako ", ukuze ukudilizwa kuzophumelela ekugcineni.

3. Amanye amagama afingqiwe manje asuka endaweni yezobuchwepheshe, yonke design ingagcina izokwenziwa, kepha impumelelo yephrojekthi incike ekusetshenzisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuxhumana, kanye namalungiselelo amaningi kanye namalungiselelo amaningi kanye namalungiselelo omsebenzi angaqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwephrojekthi. Unjiniyela omuhle wehadiwe empeleni ungumphathi wephrojekthi. Udinga ukuxhumana nomhlaba wangaphandle ukuthola izidingo zemiklamo yazo, bese efingqa futhi azihlaziye ekusebenzeni okuthize kwehardware. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuxhumana nabantu abaningi be-chip kanye nezixazululo ukukhetha isixazululo esifanele. Lapho umdwebo we-Schematic uqediwe, kufanele ahlele ozakwabo ukubambisana nokubuyekezwa nokuhlola, futhi futhi basebenze nonjiniyela be-CAD ukuqedela ukwakhiwa kwe-PCB. . Ngasikhathi sinye, lungiselela uhlu lweBom, qala ukuthenga nokulungisa izinto zokwakha, futhi uthintane nomenzi wokucubungula ukuqedela ukubekwa kwebhodi. Esezinhlelweni zokulungisa iphutha, kufanele ahlele onjiniyela besoftware ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile ndawonye, ​​abambisane nabo onjiniyela bokuhlola ukuxazulula izinkinga ezitholakala esivivinyweni, bese linda kuze kube sekwethulwe indawo. Uma kunenkinga, kudinga ukusekelwa ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuba ngumklami wehadiwe, kufanele usebenzise amakhono amahle okuxhumana, amandla okujwayela ukucindezela, amandla okuxhumanisa nokwenza izinqumo lapho ubhekana nezinto eziningi ngasikhathi sinye, nesimo sengqondo esihle nesinokuthula. Kukhona nokunakekelwa nokungathí sina, ngoba ukunganaki okuncane emklamo we-Hardware kungavame ukubangela ukulahleka okukhulu komnotho. Isibonelo, lapho iBhodi yenzelwe futhi amadokhumenti okukhiqiza aqediwe ngaphambili, i-misippeation yabangela ungqimba lwamandla kanye nongqimba lomhlabathi ukuba axhumeke. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngemuva kokuthi kwenziwe iBhodi lePCB, lalifakwa ngqo emgqeni wokukhiqiza ngaphandle kokuhlolwa. Kwakungesikhathi sokuvivinywa kuphela lapho kwatholakala khona inkinga yesifunda emfushane, kodwa izakhi zazivele zithengiselwe iBhodi, okuholele emakhulu ezinkulungwane zokulahlekelwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela nangokungathi sína, ukuhlolwa okuthembekile, nokufunda okungavumelekile nokuqongelela kungenza umqambi we-Hardware enze inqubekela phambili eqhubekayo, bese wenza okufinyelelekayo embonini.

1. Inhloso ye-PCB Design kufanele icace. Ngemigqa ye-Signal ebalulekile, ubude be-wiring kanye nokucubungula izihibe zomhlaba kufanele kube nzima kakhulu. Ngemigqa yesiginali enesivinini esiphansi futhi engabalulekile, ingabekwa ekwelweni kwe-wiring ephansi kancane. . Izingxenye ezibalulekile zifaka: Ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla; Ubude bezidingo zemigqa yewashi lememori, imigqa yokulawula kanye nemigqa yedatha; I-wiring yemigqa ehlukile yejubane, njll. Kuphrojekthi a, i-chip yememori isetshenziselwa ukuqaphela inkumbulo ye-DDR ngosayizi we-1g. I-wiring yale ngxenye ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-topology kwemigqa yokulawula kanye nemigqa yamakheli, kanye nokulawulwa komehluko wobude kwemigqa yedatha kanye nemigqa yewashi kumele kubhekwe. Kule nqubo, ngokusho kwephepha ledatha le-chip kanye nemvamisa yangempela yokusebenza, imithetho ethile ye-wiring ingatholakala. Isibonelo, ubude bemigqa yedatha eqenjini elifanayo akufanele buhluka ngamakhilomitha amaningi, futhi umehluko wobude phakathi kwesiteshi ngasinye akufanele udlule mangaki amalungu. Mil nokunye. Lapho lezi zidingo zinqunywa, abaklami be-PCB bangadingeka ngokucacile ukuba basebenzise. Uma zonke izidingo ezibalulekile zomzila ekwakhiweni zicacile, zingaguqulwa zibe yizingqinamba zomzila wonke, kanye nesoftware ye-othomathikhi yokuhambisa e-CAD ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukwakheka kwe-PCB. Futhi kuyindlela yokuthuthuka ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB ephezulu kakhulu.

2. Ukuhlola nokulungisa iphutha lapho ulungiselela ukulungisa iphutha ibhodi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ngokucophelela okubonakalayo, hlola ukuthi ngabe kukhona amamodeli abonakalayo akhona ngesikhathi senkomba yokuqala, bese usebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala ukumelana kwamandla okusebenza ngakunye ukuze uhlole ukuthi ngabe kukhona umjikelezo omfushane. Lo mkhuba omuhle ungakugwema ukulimala kwebhodi ngemuva kokuvuselelwa amandla. Esezinhlelweni zokwenza iphutha, kufanele ube nomqondo onokuthula. Kuyinto evamile kakhulu ukubhekana nezinkinga. Okudingayo ukukwenza ukwenza ukuqhathanisa okuningi nokuhlaziywa, futhi kancane kancane kwasusa izimbangela ezingaba khona. Kufanele ukholelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi "konke kungaxazululwa" nokuthi "izinkinga kufanele zixazululwe." Kunesizathu sako ", ukuze ukudilizwa kuzophumelela ekugcineni.

3. Amanye amagama afingqiwe manje asuka endaweni yezobuchwepheshe, yonke design ingagcina izokwenziwa, kepha impumelelo yephrojekthi incike ekusetshenzisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuxhumana, kanye namalungiselelo amaningi kanye namalungiselelo amaningi kanye namalungiselelo omsebenzi angaqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwephrojekthi. Unjiniyela omuhle wehadiwe empeleni ungumphathi wephrojekthi. Udinga ukuxhumana nomhlaba wangaphandle ukuthola izidingo zemiklamo yazo, bese efingqa futhi azihlaziye ekusebenzeni okuthize kwehardware. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuxhumana nabantu abaningi be-chip kanye nezixazululo ukukhetha isixazululo esifanele. Lapho umdwebo we-Schematic uqediwe, kufanele ahlele ozakwabo ukubambisana nokubuyekezwa nokuhlola, futhi futhi basebenze nonjiniyela be-CAD ukuqedela ukwakhiwa kwe-PCB. . Ngasikhathi sinye, lungiselela uhlu lweBom, qala ukuthenga nokulungisa izinto zokwakha, futhi uthintane nomenzi wokucubungula ukuqedela ukubekwa kwebhodi. Esezinhlelweni zokulungisa iphutha, kufanele ahlele onjiniyela besoftware ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile ndawonye, ​​abambisane nabo onjiniyela bokuhlola ukuxazulula izinkinga ezitholakala esivivinyweni, bese linda kuze kube sekwethulwe indawo. Uma kunenkinga, kudinga ukusekelwa ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuba ngumklami wehadiwe, kufanele usebenzise amakhono amahle okuxhumana, amandla okujwayela ukucindezela, amandla okuxhumanisa nokwenza izinqumo lapho ubhekana nezinto eziningi ngasikhathi sinye, nesimo sengqondo esihle nesinokuthula. Kukhona nokunakekelwa nokungathí sina, ngoba ukunganaki okuncane emklamo we-Hardware kungavame ukubangela ukulahleka okukhulu komnotho. Isibonelo, lapho iBhodi yenzelwe futhi amadokhumenti okukhiqiza aqediwe ngaphambili, i-misippeation yabangela ungqimba lwamandla kanye nongqimba lomhlabathi ukuba axhumeke. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngemuva kokuthi kwenziwe iBhodi lePCB, lalifakwa ngqo emgqeni wokukhiqiza ngaphandle kokuhlolwa. Kwakungesikhathi sokuvivinywa kuphela lapho kwatholakala khona inkinga yesifunda emfushane, kodwa izakhi zazivele zithengiselwe iBhodi, okuholele emakhulu ezinkulungwane zokulahlekelwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela nangokungathi sína, ukuhlolwa okuthembekile, nokufunda okungavumelekile nokuqongelela kungenza umqambi we-Hardware enze inqubekela phambili eqhubekayo, bese wenza okufinyelelekayo embonini.