Kunemithetho eminingi yokuklama ye-PCB. Okulandelayo yisibonelo sezikhala zokuphepha zikagesi. Ukusetha umthetho kagesi ibhodi lesifunda sokuklama ku-wiring kufanele lihambisane nemithetho, okuhlanganisa ibanga lokuphepha, isekethe evulekile, ukulungiselelwa kwesekethe emfushane. Ukusethwa kwalawa mapharamitha kuzothinta izindleko zokukhiqiza, ubunzima bokuklama kanye nokunemba kwedizayini ye-PCB eklanyiwe, futhi kufanele kuphathwe ngokuqinile.
1.Imithetho Yokusula
Idizayini ye-PCB inesikhala senethiwekhi esifanayo, isikhala sokuphepha senethiwekhi esihlukile, okunye, ububanzi bomugqa kudingeka kusethwe, ububanzi bomugqa omisiwe nesikhala ngu-6mil, isikhala esimisiwe singu-6mil, ububanzi bomugqa obuncane bubekwe ku-6mil, inani elinconywayo ( ububanzi bezintambo ezizenzakalelayo) bubekwe ku-10mil, ubuningi bubekwe ku-200mil. Izilungiselelo Ezithize ngokobunzima besethingi yezintambo zebhodi.
Ububanzi bomugqa omisiwe nesikhala nazo kudingeka kuxoxiswene ngazo nomkhiqizi we-PCB kusengaphambili, ngoba abanye abakhiqizi bangase bangakwazi ukuzuza ububanzi bomugqa omisiwe nesikhala ngenxa yenkinga yomthamo wenqubo, futhi kuba buncane ububanzi nobubanzi bomugqa, izindleko eziphezulu.
2.Isikhala somugqa umthetho ongu-3W
Konke kuklanywe ngomugqa wewashi, umugqa wokuhlukanisa, ividiyo, umsindo, umugqa wokusetha kabusha neminye imigqa ebucayi yesistimu. Uma izintambo eziningi zesignali ezinesivinini esiphezulu zihamba amabanga amade, ukuze kwehliswe inkulumo enqamulanayo phakathi kwemigqa, isikhala somugqa kufanele sibe sikhulu ngokwanele. Uma isikhala sesikhungo somugqa singekho ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-3 ububanzi bomugqa, izinkambu eziningi zikagesi azikwazi ukuphazamisana, okuwumthetho we-3W. Umthetho we-3W ugcina u-70% wezinkambu ukuthi zingaphambanisani, futhi ngezikhala ze-10W, i-98% yezinkambu ingafinyelelwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisana.
Umthetho we-3.20H wesendlalelo samandla
Umthetho we-20H ubhekisela ebangeni elingu-20H phakathi kwesendlalelo sokuhlinzeka amandla kanye nokwakheka, okuzovimbela umphumela wemisebe onqenqemeni. Ngenxa yokuthi inkambu kagesi phakathi kwesendlalelo samandla nomhlabathi iyashintsha, ukuphazamiseka kukazibuthe kuzophumela ngaphandle emaphethelweni epuleti, okubizwa ngokuthi i-edge effect. Isixazululo siwukunciphisa isendlalelo sokuhlinzeka amandla ukuze inkambu kagesi idluliselwe kuphela phakathi kobubanzi bomhlaba. Nge-H eyodwa (ubukhulu bendawo ephakathi komthombo wamandla nomhlabathi) njengeyunithi, u-70% wendawo kagesi ungavalelwa onqenqemeni lomhlabathi ngokufinyezwa okungu-20H, futhi u-98% wendawo kagesi uvalwe ngokufinyezwa kwe-100H.
4.Ithonya lesikhala somugqa wokuvinjelwa
Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokulawulwa kwe-impedance okuhlanganisa imigqa yesignali emibili ehlukile. Amasignali okokufaka ekugcineni komshayeli amagagasi amabili esignali e-polarity ephambene, ngokulandelanayo adluliswa imigqa emibili ehlukile, futhi amasiginali amabili ahlukene ekugcineni kowamukelayo ayakhishwa. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu kumasekethe e-analog edijithali anesivinini esiphezulu ukuze uthole ubuqotho besignali engcono kanye nokumelana nomsindo. I-impedance ilingana nesikhala somugqa womehluko, futhi uma sikhulu isikhala somugqa womehluko, i-impedance inkulu.
Ibanga le-5.Electrical creepage
Ukugunyazwa kukagesi kanye nebanga lokukhuphuka kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB kokunikezwa kwamandla okushintsha kwamandla kagesi aphezulu. Uma imvume kagesi kanye nebanga le-creepage lincane kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukunaka isimo sokuvuza. Isikhala se-creepage kanye negebe likagesi Ngesikhathi sokuklama kwe-PCB, igebe likagesi lingalungiswa ngesakhiwo ukuze kulungiswe isikhala ukusuka kuphedi ukuya kuphedi. Uma isikhala se-PCB siqinile, isikhala se-creepage singanyuswa ngokuvula.
