"Ukuhlanza" kuvame ukunganakwa kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCBA yamabhodi wesifunda, futhi kubhekwa ukuthi ukuhlanza akusona isinyathelo esibucayi. Kodwa-ke, ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside komkhiqizo ohlangothini lwekhasimende, izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuhlanzwa okungaphumeleli ekuqaleni kubangela ukwehluleka okuningi, ukulungisa noma imikhiqizo ekhunjuliwe yabangela ukwanda okubukhali. Ngezansi, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina buzochaza kafushane iqhaza lokuhlanza amabhodi wesifunda.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCBA (umhlangano wesifunda ophrintiwe) idlula ezigabeni zenqubo eziningi, futhi isigaba ngasinye singcoliswe kumazinga ahlukile. Ngakho-ke, amadiphozithi ahlukahlukene noma ukungcola kuhlala ngaphezulu kwebhodi lesekethe le-PCBA. Lokhu kungcola kuzonciphisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, futhi kubangele ukwehluleka komkhiqizo. Isibonelo, kwinqubo yokuthengisa izakhi ze-elekthronikhi, unamathisela umthengisi, i-flux, njll. Isetshenziselwa ukuthengisa okusizayo. Ngemuva kokuthengisa, izinsalela zenziwa. Izinsalela ziqukethe ama-organic acid nama-ion. Phakathi kwazo, ama-organic acid azolungisa i-PCBA yesekethe. Ukuba khona kwama-evions kagesi kungadala umjikelezo omfushane futhi kubangele ukuthi umkhiqizo wehluleke.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokungcola ebhodini lesekethe i-PCBA, ezingafingqwa ngezigaba ezimbili: ionic nengeyona-ionic. Ukungcola kwe-Ionic kuhlangana nomswakama emvelweni, futhi ukufuduka kwe-electrochemical kwenzeka ngemuva kukagesi, kwakha isakhiwo se-dendritic, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuphansi, futhi kubhubhise umsebenzi we-PCBA weBhodi Yesekethe. Ukungcola okungewona ama-Ionic kungangena engxenyeni yokufaka i-PC B futhi kukhule ama-dendrites ngaphansi kobuso be-PCB. Ngaphezu kokungcoliswa kwe-Ionic kanye ne-nonic, kukhona nokungcola kwe-granular, njengamabhola omthengisi, amaphuzu athambile kubhavu we-solder, uthuli, othulini, njll. Lokhu kuvota kuncishiswe, futhi amalunga womniningi alolwa ngesikhathi sokuthengisa. Izehlakalo ezahlukahlukene ezingathandeki ezifana nama-pores kanye namasekethe amafushane.
Ngokungcola okuningi kangaka, okuthi yibani abakhathalela kakhulu? I-Flux noma i-solder passe isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukholiseni izinqubo zokuthengisa kanye ne-wave soldering. Ngokuyinhloko ahlanganiswe ama-solvents, ama-ejenti anamanzi, ama-resins, ama-corrosion inhibitors kanye nezishoshovu. Imikhiqizo eguquliwe eshintshiwe nayo izoba khona ngemuva kokuthengisa. Lezi zinto ngokuya ngokwehluleka komkhiqizo, izinsalela ze-Post-Welding ziyisici esibaluleke kakhulu esithinta ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Izinsalela ze-Ionic kungenzeka zibangele ukumelana ne-elekthroniji, futhi izinsalela ze-rosin resin zilula ku-adsorb uthuli noma ukungcola kubangela ukumelana nokuxhumana okuzokwanda, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni kwesifunda. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanzwa okuqinile kumele kwenziwe ngemuva kokufaka i-welding ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yebhodi lesekethe le-PCBA.
Ngamafuphi, ukuhlanzwa kwebhodi lesekethe le-PCBA kubaluleke kakhulu. "Ukuhlanza" kuyinqubo ebalulekile ehlobene ngqo nekhwalithi yebhodi lesekethe le-PCBA futhi libaluleke kakhulu.