Ama-Capacitor adlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB enesivinini esikhulu futhi ngokuvamile ayidivayisi esetshenziswa kakhulu ku-PCBS. Ku-PCB, ama-capacitor avame ukuhlukaniswa abe ama-filter capacitor, ama-decoupling capacitor, ama-capacitor okugcina amandla, njll.

I-1.I-capacitor ephumayo yamandla, i-filter capacitor

Ngokuvamile sibhekisela ku-capacitor ye-input and output circuits ye-module yamandla njenge-filter capacitor. Ukuqonda okulula ukuthi i-capacitor iqinisekisa ukuzinza kokunikezwa kwamandla okokufaka nokuphumayo. Kumojula yamandla, i-capacitor yokuhlunga kufanele ibe nkulu ngaphambi kokuba ibencane. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni, i-capacitor yesihlungi ibekwa enkulu bese ibe incane kumcibisholo.

Lapho uklama ukunikezwa kwamandla, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-wiring nesikhumba sethusi zibanzi ngokwanele futhi inani lezimbobo lanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo wokugeleza uhlangabezana nesidingo. Ububanzi nenani lezimbobo kuhlolwa ngokuhambisana nesimanje.

Amandla okufaka amandla

I-capacitor yokufaka amandla yenza iluphu yamanje eneluphu yokushintsha. Le loop yamanje iyahlukahluka nge-amplitude enkulu, i-Iout amplitude. I-frequency imvamisa yokushintsha. Phakathi nenqubo yokushintsha i-chip ye-DCDC, okwamanje okukhiqizwa yile loop yamanje kuyashintsha, okuhlanganisa i-di/dt esheshayo.

Kumodi ye-BUCK ehambisanayo, indlela yamanje eqhubekayo kufanele idlule kuphinikhodi ye-GND ye-chip, futhi i-capacitor yokufaka kufanele ixhunywe phakathi kwe-GND ne-Vin ye-chip, ukuze indlela ingase ibe mfushane futhi ibe nkulu.

Indawo yale ndandatho yamanje incane ngokwanele, ngcono imisebe yangaphandle yale ndandatho yamanje izoba ngcono.

2.I-Decoupling capacitor
Iphinikhodi yamandla ye-IC enesivinini esikhulu idinga ama-decoupling capacitor anele, okungcono iphinikhodi elilodwa. Kumklamo wangempela, uma singekho isikhala se-decoupling capacitor, singasuswa ngendlela efanele.
Amandla okukhipha iphinikhodi ye-IC kagesi ngokuvamile aba mancane, afana no-0.1μF, 0.01μF, njll. Iphakheji ehambisanayo nayo incane kakhulu, njengephakheji ye-0402, iphakheji ye-0603 njalonjalo. Lapho ubeka ama-decoupling capacitors, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele aqashelwe.
(1)Ibeke eduze kakhulu nephinikhodi yokuphakela amandla, ngaphandle kwalokho ingase ingabi nawo umthelela wokunqamula. Ngokwethiyori, i-capacitor ine-radius ethile yokuqhafaza, ngakho-ke umgomo wokuba seduze kufanele usetshenziswe ngokuqinile.
(2)I-capacitor ehlukanisayo ephinikhodi yokuhola amandla kufanele ibe mfushane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi umthofu kufanele ube ugqinsi, ngokuvamile ububanzi bomugqa bube ngu-8 ~ 15mil (1mil = 0.0254mm). Inhloso yokuqina ukunciphisa inductance yomthofu kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokunikezwa kwamandla.
(3) Ngemva kokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nezikhonkwane zomhlabathi ze-decoupling capacitor zikhishwa ku-welding pad, shaya izimbobo eziseduze futhi zixhumeke kugesi kanye nendiza yaphansi. Umthofu nawo kufanele ujiywe, futhi imbobo kufanele ibe mkhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma imbobo enembobo engu-10mil ingasetshenziswa, imbobo engu-8mil akufanele isetshenziswe.
(4)Qinisekisa ukuthi iluphu yokuhlukanisa incane ngangokunokwenzeka

I-3.I-capacitor yokugcina amandla
Indima ye-capacitor yokugcina amandla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-IC inganikeza amandla ngesikhathi esifushane uma usebenzisa ugesi. Amandla we-capacitor yokugcina amandla ngokuvamile makhulu, futhi iphakheji ehambisanayo nayo inkulu. Ku-PCB, i-capacitor yokugcina amandla ingaba kude nedivayisi, kodwa ingabi kude kakhulu, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. Imodi ye-fan-hole yokugcina amandla evamile iboniswa esithombeni.

Izimiso zezimbobo zamafeni nezintambo zimi kanje:
(1)Umthofu mfushane futhi ujiyile ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kube khona inductance encane ye-parasitic.
(2)Kuma-capacitor okugcina amandla, noma amadivayisi ane-overcurrent enkulu, shaya izimbobo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
(3) Impela, ukusebenza kukagesi okungcono kakhulu kwembobo yabalandeli yimbobo yediski. Iqiniso lidinga ukucatshangelwa okuphelele