Ibhodi lesifunda elinembayo eliphakeme libhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kobubanzi bomugqa ocolekile/isikhala, izimbobo ezincane, ububanzi obuncane bendandatho (noma ukungabi nobubanzi bendandatho) kanye nezimbobo ezigqitshiwe nezingaboni ukuze kuzuzwe ukuminyana okuphezulu.
Ukunemba okuphezulu kusho ukuthi umphumela "wokuhle, omncane, omncane, omncane futhi omncane" uzoholela nakanjani ezidingweni zokunemba okuphezulu. Thatha ububanzi bomugqa njengesibonelo:
0.20mm ububanzi bomugqa, 0.16～0.24mm okhiqizwe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo uyafaneleka, futhi iphutha lithi (0.20±0.04) mm; kuyilapho ububanzi bomugqa we-0.10mm, iphutha (0.1 ± 0.02) mm, ngokusobala Ukunemba kokugcina kwanda ngesici se-1, nokunye akunzima ukukuqonda, ngakho-ke izidingo zokunemba okuphezulu ngeke kuxoxwe ngazo. ngokwehlukana. Kodwa kuyinkinga evelele kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza.
Ubuchwepheshe bezintambo ezincane neziminyene
Ngokuzayo, ububanzi/iphimbo lomugqa wokuminyana okuphezulu kuzosuka ku-0.20mm-0.13mm-0.08mm-0.005mm ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-SMT kanye nokupakishwa kwama-chip amaningi (Iphakheji ye-Mulitichip, i-MCP). Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe obulandelayo buyadingeka.
①I-Substrate
Kusetshenziswa ucwecwe lwethusi oluncane noma oluncane kakhulu (<18um) i-substrate kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwelapha obungaphezulu.
②Inqubo
Ukusebenzisa ifilimu elomile elincanyana kanye nenqubo yokunamathisela emanzi, ifilimu eyomile enekhwalithi encane nenhle inganciphisa ukuhlanekezelwa kobubanzi bomugqa kanye namaphutha. Ifilimu emanzi ingavala izikhala ezincane zomoya, ikhulise ukunamathela kwesixhumi esibonakalayo, futhi ithuthukise ubuqotho bezintambo nokunemba.
③Electrodeposited photoresist film
I-Electro-deposited Photoresist (ED) isetshenziswa. Ubukhulu bayo bungalawuleka ku-5-30/um, futhi bungakwazi ukukhiqiza izintambo ezinhle kakhulu. Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ububanzi bendandatho encane, abukho ububanzi bendandatho kanye ne-electroplating egcwele yepuleti. Njengamanje, kunemigqa yokukhiqiza ye-ED engaphezu kweshumi emhlabeni.
④ Ubuchwepheshe bokuvezwa kokukhanya okuhambisanayo
Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuvezwa kokukhanya okuhambisanayo. Njengoba ukuchayeka kokukhanya okuhambisanayo kunganqoba ithonya lokuhlukahluka kobubanzi bomugqa okubangelwa imisebe ye-oblique yomthombo wokukhanya "wephuzu", ucingo olucolekile olunosayizi oqondile wobubanzi bomugqa kanye nemiphetho ebushelelezi ingatholakala. Kodwa-ke, imishini yokuchayeka ehambisanayo iyabiza, ukutshalwa kwezimali kuphezulu, futhi kuyadingeka ukusebenza endaweni ehlanzekile kakhulu.
⑤Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo
Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo. Lobu buchwepheshe sebuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthola lapho kukhiqizwa izintambo ezinhle, futhi buthuthukiswa ngokushesha, busetshenziswa futhi buthuthukiswe.
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Ubuchwepheshe be-Microporous
Izimbobo ezisebenzayo zamabhodi aphrintiwe asetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwendawo yobuchwepheshe be-microporous ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma kagesi, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-microporous kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa izinto ezijwayelekile zokubhola kanye nemishini yokumba ye-CNC ukukhiqiza izimbobo ezincane kunokwehluleka okuningi kanye nezindleko eziphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuminyana okuphezulu kwamabhodi aphrintiwe kugxile kakhulu ekulungiseni izintambo namaphedi. Nakuba imiphumela emihle isizuziwe, amandla ayo anomkhawulo. Ukuze uqhubeke uthuthukisa ukuminyana (njengezintambo ezingaphansi kuka-0.08mm), izindleko ziyenyuka. , Ngakho-ke vula ukusebenzisa ama-micropores ukuthuthukisa ukuminyana.
Eminyakeni yamuva, imishini yokulawula izinombolo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokubhoboza i-micro-drill yenze intuthuko, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ubuchwepheshe be-micro-hole buthuthuke ngokushesha. Lesi isici esivelele esivelele ekukhiqizeni kwamanje kwe-PCB.
Ngokuzayo, ubuchwepheshe bokubumba izimbobo ezincane buzothembela kakhulu emishinini yokumba ethuthukisiwe ye-CNC kanye namakhanda amancane amahle kakhulu, futhi izimbobo ezincane ezakhiwe ubuchwepheshe be-laser zisengaphansi kwalezo ezakhiwe yimishini yokumba ye-CNC ngokombono wezindleko kanye nekhwalithi yembobo. .
①CNC umshini wokumba
Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bomshini wokumba we-CNC buye benza intuthuko nenqubekelaphambili entsha. Futhi kwakha isizukulwane esisha somshini wokumba we-CNC obonakala ngokumba izimbobo ezincane.
Ukusebenza kahle kokubhoboza izimbobo ezincane (ngaphansi kuka-0.50mm) womshini wokugaya i-micro-hole ephakeme izikhathi ezingu-1 kunomshini wokumba ojwayelekile we-CNC, ngokuhluleka okumbalwa, futhi isivinini sokujikeleza siyi-11-15r / min; ingabhoboza izimbobo ezincane ezingu-0.1-0.2mm, isebenzisa i-cobalt ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa. I-drill bit yekhwalithi ephezulu ingabhola amapuleti amathathu (1.6mm/block) apakishwe phezu kwelinye. Lapho i-drill bit iphukile, ingama futhi ibike indawo ngokuzenzakalelayo, ibuyisele ngokuzenzakalelayo i-drill bit bese ihlola ububanzi (umtapo wezincwadi wamathuluzi ungabamba amakhulu ezicucu), futhi ukwazi ukulawula ngokuzenzakalelayo ibanga eliqhubekayo phakathi kwethiphu yokubhoboza kanye nesembozo. kanye nokujula kokugaya, ngakho-ke izimbobo eziyizimpumputhe zingabhobozwa , Ngeke kulimaze i-countertop. Ingaphezulu letafula lomshini wokumba we-CNC lamukela umcamelo womoya kanye nohlobo lwe-levitation kazibuthe, olungahamba ngokushesha, lube lula futhi lunembe kakhudlwana ngaphandle kokuklwebha itafula.
Imishini enjalo yokumba iyafuneka njengamanje, njenge-Mega 4600 evela e-Prurite e-Italy, uchungechunge lwe-Excellon 2000 e-United States, kanye nemikhiqizo yesizukulwane esisha evela eSwitzerland naseJalimane.
②Ukubhoboza nge-laser
Kunezinkinga eziningi ngempela ngemishini evamile yokumba ye-CNC kanye nezinsimbi zokubhoboza izimbobo ezincane. Kuvimbe inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bomgodi omncane, ngakho-ke ukukhishwa kwe-laser kudonse ukunaka, ucwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Kodwa kukhona ukushiyeka okubulalayo, okungukuthi, ukwakheka kwembobo yezimpondo, okuba nzima kakhulu njengoba ukuqina kwepuleti kukhula. Kuhlanganiswe nokungcoliswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (ikakhulukazi amabhodi ezendlalelo eziningi), ukuphila nokugcinwa komthombo wokukhanya, ukuphindaphindeka kwezimbobo zokugqwala, kanye nezindleko, ukukhuthazwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimbobo ezincane ekukhiqizweni kwamabhodi aphrintiwe kukhawulelwe. . Kodwa-ke, i-laser ablation isasetshenziswa kumapuleti amancane amancane nanokuminyana okuphezulu, ikakhulukazi kubuchwepheshe be-MCM-L high-density interconnect (HDI), obufana nokufakwa kwefilimu ye-polyester kanye nokufakwa kwensimbi kuma-MCM. (Ubuchwepheshe be-Sputtering) busetshenziswa ekuxhumekeni okuhlanganisiwe okuphezulu.
Ukwakhiwa kwama-vias angcwatshwe emabhodini amaningi axhumene ne-multilayer agqitshwe futhi angaboni ngezakhiwo nakho kungasetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kanye nempumelelo yezobuchwepheshe yemishini yokumba ye-CNC kanye nokubhoboza okuncane, kwakhuthazwa futhi kwasetshenziswa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser drilling kumabhodi wesifunda se-surface mount akukwazi ukwakha isikhundla esivelele. Kodwa isenayo indawo emkhakheni othile.
③Ubuchwepheshe bokungcwatshwa, ubumpumputhe, kanye nembobo
Ubuchwepheshe bokungcwatshwa, ubumpumputhe, kanye nenhlanganisela yezimbobo nakho kuyindlela ebalulekile yokwandisa ukuminyana kwamasekhethi aphrintiwe. Ngokuvamile, izimbobo ezigqitshiwe nezingaboni ziyimigodi emincane. Ngaphezu kokwandisa inani lezintambo ebhodini, izimbobo ezingcwatshiwe neziyimpumputhe zixhunywe ungqimba lwangaphakathi "oluseduze", okunciphisa kakhulu inani lemigodi eyakhiwe, kanye nokusetha kwe-disk yokuhlukanisa kuzonciphisa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise inombolo yezintambo eziphumelelayo kanye noxhumano lwe-inter-layer ebhodini, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuminyana koxhumano.
Ngakho-ke, ibhodi elinezingqimba eziningi elinenhlanganisela yezimbobo ezingcwatshiwe, eziyizimpumputhe, nezidlulayo linomthamo wokuxhumanisa ophindwe izikhathi ezi-3 kunesakhiwo sebhodi esigcwele imbobo egcwele ngaphansi kosayizi ofanayo kanye nenani lezendlalelo. Uma kungcwatshwe, kuyimpumputhe, Ubukhulu bamabhodi aphrintiwe ahlanganiswe ngokusebenzisa izimbobo buzoncishiswa kakhulu noma inani lezendlalelo lizoncishiswa kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, emabhodini aphrintiwe afakwe phezulu aphakeme kakhulu, ubuchwepheshe bemigodi engcwatshwe futhi eyimpumputhe buye basetshenziswa kakhulu, hhayi kuphela kumabhodi aphrintiwe afakwe phezulu kumakhompiyutha amakhulu, imishini yokuxhumana, njll., kodwa nasezinhlelweni zomphakathi nezimboni. Ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ensimini, ngisho nasemabhodini amancane, njenge-PCMCIA, i-Smard, amakhadi e-IC namanye amabhodi amancane anezingqimba eziyisithupha.
Amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe anezakhiwo zembobo egqitshiwe futhi eyimpumputhe ngokuvamile aqedwa ngezindlela zokukhiqiza "zebhodi elincane", okusho ukuthi kufanele agcwaliswe ngokucindezela okuningi, ukubhoboza, nokucwenga izimbobo, ngakho ukubeka okunembayo kubaluleke kakhulu .