Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukwenza ibhodi le-PCB wukuguqula uhlaka oluklanyelwe lube yibhodi le-PCB langempela. Sicela ungayithathi kancane le nqubo. Kunezinto eziningi ezingenzeka ngokomgomo kodwa okunzima ukuzifinyelela kuphrojekthi, noma ezinye zingafinyelela izinto abanye abantu abangakwazi ukuzifinyelela Isimo Semizwelo.
Izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu emkhakheni we-microelectronics ukucutshungulwa kwamasignali amaza aphezulu kanye namasignali abuthakathaka. Kulokhu, izinga lokukhiqiza le-PCB libaluleke kakhulu. Umklamo ofanayo wesimiso, izingxenye ezifanayo, abantu abahlukene abakhiqizwa i-PCB bazoba nemiphumela ehlukene, ngakho-ke ungenza kanjani ibhodi le-PCB elihle?
1. Cacisa ngemigomo yakho yokuklama
Ngemva kokuthola umsebenzi wokuklama, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukucacisa izinhloso zayo zokuklama, okuyibhodi le-PCB elivamile, ibhodi le-PCB eliyimvamisa ephezulu, ibhodi elincane le-PCB lokucubungula isignali noma kokubili imvamisa ephezulu kanye nebhodi le-PCB elincane lokucubungula isignali. Uma kuyibhodi le-PCB elijwayelekile, inqobo nje uma ukwakheka kunengqondo futhi kucocekile, ubukhulu bemishini bunembile, njengomugqa womthwalo ophakathi nendawo nomugqa omude, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela ezithile zokucubungula, ukunciphisa umthwalo, umugqa omude qinisa idrayivu, okugxilwe kukho ukuvimbela ukubonakaliswa komugqa omude. Uma kunemigqa yesignali engaphezu kuka-40MHz ebhodini, kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokukhethekile le migqa yesignali, njengokuxoxa phakathi kwemigqa nezinye izindaba. Uma i-frequency iphakeme, kuzoba nomkhawulo oqinile kubude bezintambo. Ngokusho kwethiyori yenethiwekhi yamapharamitha asabalalisiwe, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwesekethe enesivinini esikhulu nezintambo zayo kuyisici esinqumayo, esingenakunakwa ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Ngokukhula kwejubane lokudlulisela kwesango, ukuphikiswa emgqeni wesignali kuzokhula ngokulinganayo, futhi i-crosstalk phakathi kwemigqa yesignali eseduze izokhula ngokulingana okuqondile. Imvamisa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokuchithwa kokushisa kwamasekhethi anesivinini esikhulu nakho kukhulu, ngakho-ke ukunaka okwanele kufanele kukhokhwe ku-PCB enesivinini esikhulu.
Uma kukhona isignali ebuthakathaka yezinga le-millivolt noma izinga le-microvolt ebhodini, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka kule migqa yesignali. Amasignali amancane abuthakathaka kakhulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwamanye amasignali aqinile. Izinyathelo zokuvikela zivame ukudingekile, ngaphandle kwalokho isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo sizoncishiswa kakhulu. Ukuze izimpawu eziwusizo ziminzwe wumsindo futhi azikwazi ukukhishwa ngempumelelo.
Ukugunyazwa kwebhodi kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe esigabeni sokuklama, indawo ebonakalayo yephuzu lokuhlola, ukuhlukaniswa kwephuzu lokuhlola nezinye izici azikwazi ukushaywa indiva, ngoba ezinye izimpawu ezincane kanye nezimpawu zemvamisa ephezulu azikwazi ukungezwa ngokuqondile uphenyo lokulinganisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izici ezifanele kufanele zicatshangelwe, njengenani lezingqimba zebhodi, ukuma kokupakishwa kwezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe, amandla omshini webhodi, njll. Ngaphambi kokwenza ibhodi le-PCB, ukwenza umklamo womklamo. umgomo engqondweni.
2.Yazi ukwakheka kanye nezidingo zezintambo zemisebenzi yezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe
Njengoba sazi, ezinye izingxenye ezikhethekile zinezidingo ezikhethekile ekuhlelweni nasekufakeni izintambo, njenge-LOTI kanye nesikhulisi sesignali se-analogi esisetshenziswa i-APH. I-amplifier yesignali ye-analog idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile kanye ne-ripple encane. Ingxenye yesiginali encane ye-analogi kufanele ibe kude nedivayisi yamandla ngangokunokwenzeka. Ebhodini le-OTI, ingxenye encane yokukhulisa isignali nayo ifakwe ngokukhethekile isihlangu sokuvikela ukuphazamiseka kozibuthe kagesi. I-chip ye-GLINK esetshenziswe ebhodini le-NTOI isebenzisa inqubo ye-ECL, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhulu futhi ukushisa kubi. Inkinga yokukhishwa kokushisa kufanele icatshangelwe ekuhleleni. Uma kusetshenziswa ukukhishwa kokushisa okungokwemvelo, i-chip ye-GLINK kufanele ibekwe endaweni lapho ukujikeleza komoya kushelela khona, futhi ukushisa okukhishwayo akukwazi ukuba nomthelela omkhulu kwamanye ama-chip. Uma ibhodi ifakwe uphondo noma amanye amadivaysi high-power, kungenzeka ukuba kubangele ukungcola okungathi sína ukunikezwa kwamandla leli phuzu kufanele futhi kubangele ukunakwa ngokwanele.
3.Ukucatshangelwa kwesakhiwo sengxenye
Esinye sezici zokuqala okufanele zicatshangelwe ekuhlelweni kwezingxenye ukusebenza kukagesi. Hlanganisa izingxenye ezisondelene kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ikakhulukazi kweminye imigqa enesivinini esikhulu, ukwakheka kufanele kukwenze kube mfushane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi isignali yamandla namadivayisi amancane wesignali kufanele ahlukaniswe. Esimweni sokuhlangana nokusebenza kwesifunda, izingxenye kufanele zibekwe kahle, zibe zinhle, futhi zihlolwe kalula. Ubukhulu bomshini webhodi kanye nendawo yesokhethi kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe ngokungathí sina.
Isikhathi sokulibaziseka kokudlulisela komhlaba kanye nokuxhumana ohlelweni lwesivinini esikhulu nakho kuyisici sokuqala okufanele sicatshangelwe ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Isikhathi sokudlulisela kulayini wesignali sinomthelela omkhulu kusivinini sesistimu iyonke, ikakhulukazi kumjikelezo we-ECL onesivinini esikhulu. Nakuba i-circuit block ehlanganisiwe ngokwayo inesivinini esikhulu, isivinini sesistimu singancishiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kwesikhathi sokulibaziseka esilethwa ukuxhuma okuvamile epulatifeni eliphansi (cishe ukulibaziseka okungu-2ns ngobude bomugqa ongu-30cm). Njengerejista ye-shift, ikhawunta yokuvumelanisa lolu hlobo lwengxenye yokusebenza yokuvumelanisa ibekwe kangcono ebhodini elifanayo le-plug-in, ngoba isikhathi sokulibaziseka kokudlulisa kwesignali yewashi kumabhodi e-plug-in ahlukene asilingani, kungenza irejista ye-shift ikhiqize. iphutha elikhulu, uma lingakwazi ukubekwa ebhodini, ekuvumelaniseni indawo eyinhloko, kusukela emthonjeni wewashi evamile kuya ebhodini le-plug-in lobude bomugqa wewashi kufanele bulingane.
4.Izinqumo zokufaka izintambo
Ngokuphothulwa kwe-OTNI ne-star fiber network design, kuzoba namabhodi amaningi angu-100MHz + anemigqa yesignali yesivinini esikhulu azoklanywa ngokuzayo.
