Ngenxa yenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza i-PCB, ekuhleleni nasekwakheni ukukhiqiza okukhaliphile, kuyadingeka ukucabangela umsebenzi ohlobene wenqubo nokuphatha, bese kwenziwa okuzenzakalelayo, ulwazi kanye nesakhiwo esihlakaniphile.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwenqubo
Ngokuya ngenani lezendlalelo ze-PCB, ihlukaniswe ngamabhodi anohlangothi olulodwa, anezinhlangothi ezimbili, kanye namabhodi anezendlalelo eziningi. Izinqubo ezintathu zebhodi azifani.
Ayikho inqubo yesendlalelo yangaphakathi yamaphaneli anohlangothi olulodwa nazinhlangothi ezimbili, ngokuyisisekelo izinqubo ezilandelayo zokusika-ukumba.
Amabhodi amaningi azoba nezinqubo zangaphakathi
1) Ukugeleza kwenqubo yephaneli eyodwa
Ukusika nokuhlela → ukubhola → imidwebo yongqimba lwangaphandle → (ibhodi eligcwele ipulangwe legolide) → ukunamathisela → ukuhlola → imaski edayisiwe yesikrini sikasilika → (ukulinganisa komoya oshisayo) → izinhlamvu zesikrini sikasilika → ukucutshungulwa komumo → ukuhlola → ukuhlola
2) Inqubo yokugeleza kwebhodi lokufafaza lethini elinezinhlangothi ezimbili
Ukugaya unqenqema → ukubhola → ukujiya kwethusi esindayo → imidwebo yongqimba lwangaphandle → uthayela ocwebezelayo, ukukhishwa kukathayela okunamathiselayo → ukubhoboza okwesibili → ukuhlola → imaski yokudambisa yokuphrinta isikrini → ipulaki ecwecwe ngegolide → izinga lokushisa lomoya → izinhlamvu zesikrini sikasilika → ukucubungula umumo → ukuhlola → ukuhlola
3) Inqubo ye-nickel-gold plating enamacala amabili
Ukugaya unqenqema → ukubhola → ukujiya kwethusi esindayo → imidwebo yongqimba lwangaphandle → ucwecwe lwe-nickel, ukususwa kwegolide nokunamathisela → ukubhola okwesibili → ukuhlola → imaski yokuphrinta isikrini → izinhlamvu zokuphrinta isikrini → ukucutshungulwa komumo → ukuhlola → ukuhlola
4) Ukugeleza kwenqubo yokufafaza kwebhodi lebhodi elinezingqimba eziningi
Ukusika nokugaya → izimbobo zokumba ezibekayo → imidwebo yongqimba lwangaphakathi → ukushumeka kwesendlalelo sangaphakathi → ukuhlola → ukwenza mnyama → ukucwenga → ukubhoboza → ukujiya kwethusi esindayo → imidwebo yongqimba yangaphandle → ukucwenga uthayela, ukukhishwa kwethani lokunamathisela → ukubhola okwesibili → ukuhlola →Imaski yesikrini sikasilika -Plated ipulaki→Izinga lomoya oshisayo→Izinhlamvu zesikrini sikasilika→Ukucubungula umumo→Isivivinyo→Ukuhlola
5) Inqubo yokugeleza kwe-nickel nokufakwa kwegolide kumabhodi we-multilayer
Ukusika nokugaya → izimbobo zokumba ezibekayo → imidwebo yongqimba lwangaphakathi → ukushumeka kongqimba lwangaphakathi → ukuhlola → ukwenza mnyama → ukucwenga → ukubhoboza → ukujiya kwethusi esindayo → imidwebo yongqimba yangaphandle → ucwecwe lwegolide, ukususwa kwefilimu nokunamathisela → ukubhola okwesibili → ukuhlola → imaski yokuphrinta isikrini izinhlamvu zokuphrinta isikrini → ukucubungula umumo → ukuhlola → ukuhlola
6) Inqubo yokugeleza kwepuleti legolide le-nickel elinezingqimba eziningi
Ukusika nokugaya → izimbobo zokumba ezibekayo → imidwebo yongqimba lwangaphakathi → ukushumeka kongqimba lwangaphakathi → ukuhlola → ukwenza mnyama → ukucwenga → ukubhola → ukujiya kwethusi esindayo → imidwebo yongqimba yangaphandle → ukucwenga uthayela, ukukhishwa kwethayela lokunamathisela → ukubhola okwesibili → ukuhlola →Imaski yesikrini sikasilika I-Nickel Gold yokucwiliswa→Izinhlamvu zesikrini sikasilika→Ukucubungula umumo→Isivivinyo→Ukuhlola
Ukukhiqizwa kwesendlalelo sangaphakathi (ukudluliswa kwezithombe)
Isendlalelo sangaphakathi: ibhodi lokusika, ungqimba lwangaphakathi ukucubungula kwangaphambili, i-laminating, ukuchayeka, uxhumano lwe-DES
Ukusika (Ukusikwa Kwebhodi)
1) Ibhodi lokusika
Inhloso: Sika izinto ezinkulu zibe usayizi oshiwo yi-MI ngokuya ngezidingo ze-oda (sika i-substrate ibe usayizi odingwa umsebenzi ngokuya ngezidingo zokuhlela zomklamo wangaphambi kokukhiqiza)
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko: i-base plate, i-saw blade
I-substrate yenziwe ngeshidi lethusi kanye ne-laminate yokuvikela. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokucaciswa kogqinsi ngokwezidingo. Ngokusho kokuqina kwethusi, ingahlukaniswa ku-H/H, 1OZ/1OZ, 2OZ/2OZ, njll.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela:
a. Ukuze ugweme umthelela we-barry onqenqemeni lwebhodi ngekhwalithi, ngemva kokusika, umkhawulo uzopholishwa futhi ube yindilinga.
b. Uma kucatshangelwa umthelela wokunwetshwa nokuncipha, ibhodi lokusika liyabhakwa ngaphambi kokuba lithunyelwe kule nqubo
c. Ukusika kufanele kunake isimiso sokuqondisa okungaguquki kwemishini
I-Edging/rounding: ukupholisha ngomshini kusetshenziselwa ukususa imicu yengilazi eshiywe ngama-engeli angakwesokudla ezinhlangothini ezine zebhodi ngesikhathi sokusika, ukuze kuncishiswe imihuzuko/imihuzuko endaweni yebhodi ekukhiqizeni okulandelayo, okubangela izinkinga zekhwalithi ezifihliwe.
Ipuleti lokubhaka: susa umhwamuko wamanzi kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinto eziphilayo ngokubhaka, khulula ingcindezi yangaphakathi, ukhuthaze ukusabela kokuxhumanisa, futhi ukhulise ukuzinza kwe-dimensional, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali namandla emishini yepuleti.
Amaphoyinti okulawula:
Izinto zeshidi: usayizi wephaneli, ukujiya, uhlobo lweshidi, ukujiya kwethusi
Ukusebenza: isikhathi sokubhaka/izinga lokushisa, ukuphakama kwesitaki
(2) Ukukhiqizwa kwesendlalelo sangaphakathi ngemuva kokusika ibhodi
Umsebenzi nomgomo:
Ipuleti lethusi elingaphakathi eligaywe ipuleti lokugaya liyomiswa ipuleti lokugaya, futhi ngemva kokuba ifilimu elomile i-IW linamathiselwe, likhanyiswa ngokukhanya kwe-UV (imisebe ye-ultraviolet), futhi ifilimu eyomile eveziwe iba nzima. Ayikwazi ukuncibilika ku-alkali ebuthakathaka, kodwa ingancibilika ku-alkali eqinile. Ingxenye engaveziwe ingancibilika ku-alkali ebuthakathaka, futhi isifunda sangaphakathi siwukusebenzisa izici zezinto ezibonakalayo ukudlulisa ihluzo endaweni yethusi, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa kwesithombe.
Imininingwane
I-photosensitive initiator ku-resistance endaweni eveziwe idonsa ama-photon futhi ibole ibe ama-radicals mahhala. Ama-radicals amahhala aqala ukusabela okuxhumanisa okuphambanayo kwama-monomers ukuze akhe uhlaka lwe-macromolecular yenethiwekhi yendawo engancibiliki ku-alkali encibilikayo. Iyancibilika ku-alkali encibilikayo ngemva kokusabela.
Sebenzisa okubili ukuze ube nezinto ezihlukene zokuncibilika esixazululweni esifanayo ukuze udlulisele iphethini eklanywe ngenegethivu ku-substrate ukuze uqedele ukudluliswa kwesithombe).
Iphethini yesifunda idinga izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezimo zomswakama, ngokuvamile ezidinga izinga lokushisa elingu-22+/-3℃ kanye nomswakama ongu-55+/-10% ukuze kuvinjelwe ifilimu ukuthi ingawohloki. Uthuli olusemoyeni luyadingeka ukuze lube phezulu. Njengoba ukuminyana kwemigqa kukhula futhi imigqa iba mincane, okuqukethwe kothuli kungaphansi noma kulingana no-10,000 noma ngaphezulu.
Isingeniso esibalulekile:
Ifilimu eyomile: I-photoresist yefilimu eyomile okwesikhashana ifilimu yokumelana ne-soluble emanzini. Ugqinsi ngokuvamile luyi-1.2mil, 1.5mil kanye no-2mil. Ihlukaniswe yaba izingqimba ezintathu: ifilimu ye-polyester evikelayo, i-polyethylene diaphragm nefilimu ye-photosensitive. Indima ye-polyethylene diaphragm ukuvimbela i-ejenti yokuvimbela ifilimu ethambile ekunamatheleni ebusweni befilimu yokuzivikela ye-polyethylene ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa kwefilimu eyomile egoqiwe. Ifilimu evikelayo ingavimbela umoya-mpilo ukuthi ungangeni kungqimba oluvimbelayo futhi iphendule ngephutha ngama-radicals mahhala kuyo ukuze ibangele i-photopolymerization. Ifilimu eyomile engazange yenziwe i-polymerized igezwa kalula ngesisombululo se-sodium carbonate.
Ifilimu emanzi: Ifilimu emanzi iyifilimu enengxenye eyodwa yoketshezi esabelayo, ehlanganiswe ikakhulukazi ne-high-sensitivity resin, isinzwa, i-pigment, isigcwalisi kanye nenani elincane le-solvent. I-viscosity yokukhiqiza ingu-10-15dpa.s, futhi inokumelana nokugqwala nokumelana ne-electroplating. , Izindlela zokumboza ifilimu ezimanzi zihlanganisa ukuphrinta kwesikrini nokufutha.
Isingeniso senqubo:
Indlela yokudweba ifilimu eyomile, inqubo yokukhiqiza imi kanje:
Ukususwa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa-lamination-exposure-development-etching-film
Pretreat
Inhloso: Khipha ukungcola endaweni yethusi, njengesendlalelo se-grease oxide nokunye ukungcola, futhi ukhuphule ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo yethusi ukuze kube lula inqubo yokucwenga elandelayo.
Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko: isondo lokuxubha
Indlela yokucubungula ngaphambilini:
(1) Indlela yokuqhumisa isihlabathi nendlela yokugaya
(2) Indlela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali
(3) Indlela yokugaya ngomshini
Umgomo oyisisekelo wendlela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali: Sebenzisa izinto zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-SPS nezinye izinto ezine-asidi ukuze ulume ngokulinganayo indawo yethusi ukuze ususe ukungcola okunjengamafutha nama-oxide endaweni yethusi.
Ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali:
Sebenzisa isixazululo se-alkali ukuze ususe amabala kawoyela, izigxivizo zeminwe nokunye ukungcola okuphilayo endaweni yethusi, bese usebenzisa isisombululo se-asidi ukuze ususe ungqimba lwe-oxide kanye nokunamathela okuvikelayo ku-substrate yethusi yasekuqaleni engavimbi ithusi ukuthi lifakwe i-oxidized, futhi ekugcineni wenze i-micro- Ukwelashwa kwe-etching ukuze uthole ifilimu eyomile Indawo egayiwe ngokuphelele enezakhiwo ezinhle zokunamathela.
Amaphoyinti okulawula:
a. Isivinini sokugaya (2.5-3.2mm/min)
b. Gqoka ububanzi besibazi (500# ibhulashi yenaliti gqoka ububanzi besibazi: 8-14mm, 800# Indwangu engalukiwe igqoke ububanzi besibazi: 8-16mm), ukuhlolwa kwesigayo samanzi, izinga lokushisa lokumisa (80-90℃)
I-Lamination
Injongo: Namathisela ifilimu eyomile evimbela ukubola endaweni yethusi ye-substrate egayiwe ngokucindezela okushisayo.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko: ifilimu eyomile, uhlobo lwe-imaging yesixazululo, uhlobo lwe-imaging oluyi-semi-aqueous, ifilimu eyomile encibilikayo emanzini ikakhulukazi yakhiwa ama-organic acid radicals, azosabela nge-alkali eqinile ukuze abe ama-organic acid radicals. Ncibilika.
Isimiso: Roll ifilimu eyomile (ifilimu): qala ukhiphe ifilimu evikelayo ye-polyethylene efilimu eyomile, bese unamathisela ifilimu eyomile ukumelana ebhodini le-copper clad ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa nokucindezela, ukumelana nefilimu eyomile Ungqimba luyancipha ukushisa kanye noketshezi lwawo luyakhula. Ifilimu igcwaliswa ukucindezela kwe-roller yokucindezela okushisayo kanye nesenzo se-adhesive in the resist.
Izinto ezintathu zefilimu eyomile ye-reel: ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa, isivinini sokudlulisa
Amaphoyinti okulawula:
a. Isivinini sokuqopha (1.5+/-0.5m/min), ingcindezi yokuqopha (5+/-1kg/cm2), izinga lokushisa lokuthwebula (110+/——10℃), izinga lokushisa lokuphuma (40-60℃)
b. Ukufakwa kwefilimu emanzi: i-viscosity ye-inki, isivinini sokumboza, ukujiya koqweqwe, isikhathi/izinga lokushisa ngaphambi kokubhaka (imizuzu engu-5-10 ohlangothini lokuqala, imizuzu eyi-10-20 ohlangothini lwesibili)
Ukuchayeka
Injongo: Sebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya ukuze uthumele isithombe esikufilimu yoqobo ku-substrate ezwelayo.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko: Ifilimu esetshenziswe ongqimbeni lwangaphakathi lwefilimu iyifilimu engalungile, okungukuthi, ingxenye emhlophe edlulisa ukukhanya yenziwe i-polymerized, futhi ingxenye emnyama i-opaque futhi ayiphenduli. Ifilimu esetshenziselwa ungqimba lwangaphandle ifilimu enhle, okuphambene nefilimu esetshenziswe kungqimba lwangaphakathi.
Umgomo wokuchayeka kwefilimu eyomile: I-photosensitive initiator ekumelaneni endaweni eveziwe imunca ama-photon bese ibola ibe ama-radicals mahhala. Ama-radicals amahhala aqala ukusabela okuxhumanisa okuphambanayo kwama-monomers ukuze akhe uhlaka lwe-macromolecular yenethiwekhi yendawo engancibiliki ku-alkali encibilikayo.
Amaphoyinti okulawula: ukuqondanisa okunembile, amandla okuchayeka, irula yokukhanya yokuchayeka (ifilimu yekhava yebanga eli-6-8), isikhathi sokuhlala.
Ukuthuthukisa
Inhloso: Sebenzisa i-lye ukuze ugeze ingxenye yefilimu eyomile engazange ibhekane namakhemikhali.
Impahla eluhlaza enkulu: Na2CO3
Ifilimu eyomile engazange yenziwe i-polymerization iyakhukhulwa, futhi ifilimu eyomile eye yadlula i-polymerization igcinwa phezu kwebhodi njengesendlalelo sokuvikela ukuphikiswa ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa.
Umgomo wokuthuthuka: Amaqembu asebenzayo engxenyeni engaveziwe yefilimu ezwelayo asabela ngesixazululo se-alkali esincibilikisiwe ukuze akhiqize izinto ezincibilikayo futhi ancibilike, ngaleyo ndlela ancibilikise ingxenye engaveziwe, kuyilapho ifilimu eyomile yengxenye eveziwe ingancibiliki.