I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-Circuit Board Design iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yobunjiniyela be-elekthronikhi ebandakanya izinyathelo ezibalulekile nokucatshangelwa. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-circuit board board inika amandla abaqambi ukudala imikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ethuthukisiwe kagesi. Ngezimpumputhe ezinembile futhi kwangcwatshwa nge-design kanye nokwenza kahle, abaklami bangafinyelela imibono emisha ebonakalayo futhi bakhuthaza inqubekela phambili eqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.
1. Thola izidingo kanye nokucaciswa: Okokuqala, izinhloso zokuklama nezidingo zidinga ukuchazwa ngokucacile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izici ezifana nosayizi webhodi yesekethe, inani lezendlalelo, inani nendawo ye-vivitued ne-vias engcupheli, inkimbinkimbi yokuxhuma kwesifunda, njll. Lezi zidingo zivela kubakhiqizi bemishini ye-elekthronikhi noma abahwebisi.
2. Khetha isoftware efanelekile: Lolu hlobo lomklamo ludinga ukusetshenziswa kwesoftware ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi. Le software ivame ukuba namandla anamandla okulingisa kanye namakhono wokulingisa angasiza abaklami balingise ngokunembile ukusebenza nokuziphatha kwamabhodi wesifunda.
3 Lokhu kufaka ukunquma indawo yezakhi ngazinye, umzila wokuxhuma iminonjana yokuxhuma, nendawo yendawo eyimpumputhe futhi engcwatshwe. Abaqambi badinga ukubheka ngokucophelela lezi zinto ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhodi kanye nokwethenjwa.
4. Design blind ne-viving viried vias: Vindlied and Bured Vias isici esiyisihluthulelo samabhodi wesifunda HDI. Abaqambi badinga ukuthola kahle indawo, usayizi kanye nokujula kwempumputhe kanye ne-vias engcwatshwe. Lokhu kuvame ukudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezimpumputhe ezithuthukile futhi kwangcwatshwa nge-Technology Technology ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokunemba kwezimbobo.
5 Lokhu kungasiza abaklami ukuthi bahlole ukunemba nokuba khona komklamo futhi bakhombe futhi balungise izinkinga ezingaba khona. Le nqubo ivame ukufaka ukumbumbuluzwa kwesekethe, ukuhlaziya okushisayo, ukuhlaziywa kwamandla okwenziwa ngemishini nezinye izici.
6 Lokhu kungafaka ukulungisa ukwakheka kwesekethe, kuthuthukisa izimpumputhe futhi kwangcwatshwa ngezobuchwepheshe, okwandayo noma ukunciphisa inani lezingqimba zesekethe, njll.
7 Lokhu kuvame ukubandakanya ukusebenzisana kanye nokuxhumana kuyo yonke iminyango namaqembu okuqinisekisa ubuqotho kanye nokunemba komklamo.
I-HDI Blind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-Circuity Board Design iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebucayi edinga abaqambi ukuthi babe nolwazi olubanzi lwemboni kanye nesipiliyoni. Ngokwakheka okunembile nokwenza kahle, ukusebenza kanye nokwethenjwa kwe-HDI izimpumputhe futhi kungcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda kungaqinisekiswa, ukuhlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esinamandla sokusebenza okujwayelekile kwemishini ye-elekthronikhi.
Izinzuzo ze-HDI izimpumputhe futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi esekethe
I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda anezinzuzo eziningi ekwenziweni kwemishini yanamuhla ye-elekthronikhi.
Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa inqubekela phambili yezobuchwepheshe futhi kuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-miniaturization kanye nokungasindi, kepha futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezimpawu zesiginali, ukuhambisana nge-electromagnetic kanye nokuqina okushisayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, futhi kunciphisa izindleko, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, futhi kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezihlobene.
Sika izindleko:
1. Ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo
Ekukhiqizweni kwebhodi lendabuko yendabuko, okokusebenza kuvame ukuchithwa ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhala kanye namabhodlela ezobuchwepheshe. I-HDI Plind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-Technology, ngokuklanywa kwayo okuyingqayizivele kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza, inika amandla amasekethe amaningi kanye nezinto ezizohlelwa endaweni epholile, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo.
2. Kwenziwe lula inqubo yokukhiqiza
Lobu buchwepheshe bufinyelela ukuxhumanisa phakathi kwezendlalelo ezahlukene ngokusebenzisa izimpumputhe futhi zingcwatshwe ngaphakathi kwebhodi yesekethe, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise inani lama-laminations. Ukushayela kwendabuko, ukufudumala nezinye izinyathelo kuncishisiwe, okungagcini nje ngokunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, kepha futhi kunciphisa ukugqoka nokudambisa imishini yokukhiqiza, lapho kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.
3. Thuthukisa ikhwalithi futhi unciphise kabusha kabusha
Ukunemba okuphezulu nokuqina kwe-HDI izimpumputhe futhi kwangcwatshwa ngobuchwepheshe kuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhodi wesifunda akhiqizwa aphezulu, ngakho-ke kunciphisa kakhulu isilinganiso sokuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nezinga le-scrafp, ukonga amakhasimende izinsiza eziningi nezindleko.
Khulisa umkhiqizo:
1. Fushanisa umjikelezo wokukhiqiza
Ngenxa yokwakheka kanye nokwenza lula inqubo yokukhiqiza, umjikelezo wokukhiqiza wamabhodi wesifunda usebenzisa i-HDI blind futhi ukungcwatshwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuncishiswe kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bangaphendula ekufuneni kwemakethe ngokushesha futhi bathuthukise isikhathi somkhiqizo ukumaketha, ngaleyo ndlela bakhuphuke ukuncintisana kwemakethe.
2. Ukwanda okuzenzakalelayo
Lobu buchwepheshe benza umklamo nokwenziwa kwamabhodi wesifunda okulinganiselwe futhi kuguqulwe, okwenza ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo. Ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kepha futhi kunciphisa amaphutha abantu futhi kubuye kuqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
3. Khulisa amandla okukhiqiza
Ngokwandisa inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nokwenza ngcono imishini yokusetshenziswa, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngobuchwepheshe zihlinzeka abakhiqizi abanamandla amakhulu okukhiqiza, bavumele ukuba bahlangane nokukhula kwemakethe.
Ngezinzuzo zayo eziningi, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni izindleko, ngcono ukukhiqiza ukusebenza kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezihlobene. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, kepha futhi kulimaza amandla amasha ekuthuthukisweni okuzinzile kwawo wonke imboni yezogesi.

I-HDI iphuphuke ingcwatshwe ngamasimu wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Circuit Board
I-HDI Blind BurebIed Hole Colulliodi Board yi-Advanced Advanced Electroncy Decculvice Technology. Ngezinzuzo zayo zokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kanye ne-wiring ephakeme ephakeme, kungena kancane ekukhiqizweni kwemishini ehlukahlukene ye-elekthronikhi. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda asetshenziswa kabanzi emasimini amaningi abalulekile. Okulandelayo izinkambu zohlelo oluthile kanye nezingeniso ezinemininingwane yecala.
Emkhakheni wemishini yokuxhumana, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi kwangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemininingwane emikhulu kanye ne-computer yamafu, isilinganiso sezikhungo zedatha sinwebeka usuku nosuku, futhi izidingo zokusebenza kweseva nazo ziya ngokuya ziphezulu. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi esekethe, ngokusebenza kwawo kagesi okuphezulu nokuqina, ingahlangabezana nezidingo zebhodi lesekethe lesikhungo sejubane eliphezulu, amaseva wesikhungo sedatha ephezulu kakhulu.
Emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi yezimoto, ngoba imvelo yokusebenza kwezimoto inokhahlo kakhulu, amabhodi wesifunda ayadingeka ukuba nekhono lokumelana nezimo ezinzima njengokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi eseketheke amabhodi wesifunda sekuphenduke ukukhetha okuhle kwezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi zezimoto ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuhle kakhulu nokuqina.
Emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha, izidingo zamabhodi wesifunda ahlanzekile ngokulinganayo. Ukusebenza kwemishini yezokwelapha kudinga ukunemba okuphezulu kanye namabhodi wesifunda eliphakeme kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwemishini. Isibonelo, izingxenye ezisemqoka ezifana nezinzwa ezinokunemba okuphezulu kanye nama-processor wesithombe emishini yokuhlola ezokwelapha zidinga izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda. Ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuqina kwaleli bhodi yesekethe kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunemba nokwethembeka kwemishini yezokwelapha, ukuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kwenqubekela phambili yemboni yezokwelapha.
Emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi yabathengi, ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo ithuthuka ekuqondisweni kwe-miniaturization kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Isikhala sangaphakathi sama-Smartphones, amaphilisi, ama-laptops namanye amadivaysi siba silinganiselwe, futhi izidingo zamabhodi wesifunda seziba ngaphezulu nangaphezulu. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi eseketheke amabhodi wesifunda sekuyindlela efanelekile yalawa madivayisi ngenxa yobuningi bawo obuphezulu nokwethenjwa okuphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizinkambu zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme njengezempi kanye ne-aerospace. Izinsizakusebenza kulezi zinkambu zinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zamabhodi wesifunda, adinga amabhodi wesifunda ngokusebenza okuhle nokuqina. Ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokwethenjwa okuphezulu, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda zinikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kwemishini kule mikhakha futhi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimboni zamasosha nezempi.
I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda asetshenziswa kabanzi kwizinkundla zezobuchwepheshe eziphakeme njengemishini yokuxhumana, ama-elekthronikhi wezimoto, imishini yabathengi, imishini yezempi, njll.

I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-Circuit Board Design iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yobunjiniyela be-elekthronikhi ebandakanya izinyathelo ezibalulekile nokucatshangelwa. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-circuit board board inika amandla abaqambi ukudala imikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ethuthukisiwe kagesi. Ngezimpumputhe ezinembile futhi kwangcwatshwa nge-design kanye nokwenza kahle, abaklami bangafinyelela imibono emisha ebonakalayo futhi bakhuthaza inqubekela phambili eqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.

1. Thola izidingo kanye nokucaciswa: Okokuqala, izinhloso zokuklama nezidingo zidinga ukuchazwa ngokucacile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izici ezifana nosayizi webhodi yesekethe, inani lezendlalelo, inani nendawo ye-vivitued ne-vias engcupheli, inkimbinkimbi yokuxhuma kwesifunda, njll. Lezi zidingo zivela kubakhiqizi bemishini ye-elekthronikhi noma abahwebisi.

2. Khetha isoftware efanelekile: Lolu hlobo lomklamo ludinga ukusetshenziswa kwesoftware ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi. Le software ivame ukuba namandla anamandla okulingisa kanye namakhono wokulingisa angasiza abaklami balingise ngokunembile ukusebenza nokuziphatha kwamabhodi wesifunda.

3 Lokhu kufaka ukunquma indawo yezakhi ngazinye, umzila wokuxhuma iminonjana yokuxhuma, nendawo yendawo eyimpumputhe futhi engcwatshwe. Abaqambi badinga ukubheka ngokucophelela lezi zinto ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhodi kanye nokwethenjwa.

4. Design blind ne-viving viried vias: Vindlied and Bured Vias isici esiyisihluthulelo samabhodi wesifunda HDI. Abaqambi badinga ukuthola kahle indawo, usayizi kanye nokujula kwempumputhe kanye ne-vias engcwatshwe. Lokhu kuvame ukudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezimpumputhe ezithuthukile futhi kwangcwatshwa nge-Technology Technology ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokunemba kwezimbobo.

5 Lokhu kungasiza abaklami ukuthi bahlole ukunemba nokuba khona komklamo futhi bakhombe futhi balungise izinkinga ezingaba khona. Le nqubo ivame ukufaka ukumbumbuluzwa kwesekethe, ukuhlaziya okushisayo, ukuhlaziywa kwamandla okwenziwa ngemishini nezinye izici.

6 Lokhu kungafaka ukulungisa ukwakheka kwesekethe, kuthuthukisa izimpumputhe futhi kwangcwatshwa ngezobuchwepheshe, okwandayo noma ukunciphisa inani lezingqimba zesekethe, njll.

7 Lokhu kuvame ukubandakanya ukusebenzisana kanye nokuxhumana kuyo yonke iminyango namaqembu okuqinisekisa ubuqotho kanye nokunemba komklamo.

I-HDI Blind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-Circuity Board Design iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebucayi edinga abaqambi ukuthi babe nolwazi olubanzi lwemboni kanye nesipiliyoni. Ngokwakheka okunembile nokwenza kahle, ukusebenza kanye nokwethenjwa kwe-HDI izimpumputhe futhi kungcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda kungaqinisekiswa, ukuhlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esinamandla sokusebenza okujwayelekile kwemishini ye-elekthronikhi.

Izinzuzo ze-HDI izimpumputhe futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi esekethe

I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda anezinzuzo eziningi ekwenziweni kwemishini yanamuhla ye-elekthronikhi.

Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa inqubekela phambili yezobuchwepheshe futhi kuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-miniaturization kanye nokungasindi, kepha futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezimpawu zesiginali, ukuhambisana nge-electromagnetic kanye nokuqina okushisayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, futhi kunciphisa izindleko, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, futhi kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezihlobene.

Sika izindleko:

1. Ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo

Ekukhiqizweni kwebhodi lendabuko yendabuko, okokusebenza kuvame ukuchithwa ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhala kanye namabhodlela ezobuchwepheshe. I-HDI Plind futhi yangcwatshwa nge-Technology, ngokuklanywa kwayo okuyingqayizivele kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza, inika amandla amasekethe amaningi kanye nezinto ezizohlelwa endaweni epholile, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo.

2. Kwenziwe lula inqubo yokukhiqiza

Lobu buchwepheshe bufinyelela ukuxhumanisa phakathi kwezendlalelo ezahlukene ngokusebenzisa izimpumputhe futhi zingcwatshwe ngaphakathi kwebhodi yesekethe, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise inani lama-laminations. Ukushayela kwendabuko, ukufudumala nezinye izinyathelo kuncishisiwe, okungagcini nje ngokunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, kepha futhi kunciphisa ukugqoka nokudambisa imishini yokukhiqiza, lapho kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.

3. Thuthukisa ikhwalithi futhi unciphise kabusha kabusha

Ukunemba okuphezulu nokuqina kwe-HDI izimpumputhe futhi kwangcwatshwa ngobuchwepheshe kuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhodi wesifunda akhiqizwa aphezulu, ngakho-ke kunciphisa kakhulu isilinganiso sokuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nezinga le-scrafp, ukonga amakhasimende izinsiza eziningi nezindleko.

Khulisa umkhiqizo:

1. Fushanisa umjikelezo wokukhiqiza

Ngenxa yokwakheka kanye nokwenza lula inqubo yokukhiqiza, umjikelezo wokukhiqiza wamabhodi wesifunda usebenzisa i-HDI blind futhi ukungcwatshwa kwezobuchwepheshe kuncishiswe kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bangaphendula ekufuneni kwemakethe ngokushesha futhi bathuthukise isikhathi somkhiqizo ukumaketha, ngaleyo ndlela bakhuphuke ukuncintisana kwemakethe.

2. Ukwanda okuzenzakalelayo

Lobu buchwepheshe benza umklamo nokwenziwa kwamabhodi wesifunda okulinganiselwe futhi kuguqulwe, okwenza ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo. Ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kepha futhi kunciphisa amaphutha abantu futhi kubuye kuqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

3. Khulisa amandla okukhiqiza

Ngokwandisa inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nokwenza ngcono imishini yokusetshenziswa, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngobuchwepheshe zihlinzeka abakhiqizi abanamandla amakhulu okukhiqiza, bavumele ukuba bahlangane nokukhula kwemakethe.

Ngezinzuzo zayo eziningi, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni izindleko, ngcono ukukhiqiza ukusebenza kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezihlobene. Akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, kepha futhi kulimaza amandla amasha ekuthuthukisweni okuzinzile kwawo wonke imboni yezogesi.

I-HDI iphuphuke ingcwatshwe ngamasimu wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Circuit Board

I-HDI Blind BurebIed Hole Colulliodi Board yi-Advanced Advanced Electroncy Decculvice Technology. Ngezinzuzo zayo zokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kanye ne-wiring ephakeme ephakeme, kungena kancane ekukhiqizweni kwemishini ehlukahlukene ye-elekthronikhi. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda asetshenziswa kabanzi emasimini amaningi abalulekile. Okulandelayo izinkambu zohlelo oluthile kanye nezingeniso ezinemininingwane yecala.

Emkhakheni wemishini yokuxhumana, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi kwangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemininingwane emikhulu kanye ne-computer yamafu, isilinganiso sezikhungo zedatha sinwebeka usuku nosuku, futhi izidingo zokusebenza kweseva nazo ziya ngokuya ziphezulu. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi esekethe, ngokusebenza kwawo kagesi okuphezulu nokuqina, ingahlangabezana nezidingo zebhodi lesekethe lesikhungo sejubane eliphezulu, amaseva wesikhungo sedatha ephezulu kakhulu.

Emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi yezimoto, ngoba imvelo yokusebenza kwezimoto inokhahlo kakhulu, amabhodi wesifunda ayadingeka ukuba nekhono lokumelana nezimo ezinzima njengokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi eseketheke amabhodi wesifunda sekuphenduke ukukhetha okuhle kwezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi zezimoto ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuhle kakhulu nokuqina.

Emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha, izidingo zamabhodi wesifunda ahlanzekile ngokulinganayo. Ukusebenza kwemishini yezokwelapha kudinga ukunemba okuphezulu kanye namabhodi wesifunda eliphakeme kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwemishini. Isibonelo, izingxenye ezisemqoka ezifana nezinzwa ezinokunemba okuphezulu kanye nama-processor wesithombe emishini yokuhlola ezokwelapha zidinga izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda. Ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuqina kwaleli bhodi yesekethe kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunemba nokwethembeka kwemishini yezokwelapha, ukuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kwenqubekela phambili yemboni yezokwelapha.

Emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi yabathengi, ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo ithuthuka ekuqondisweni kwe-miniaturization kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Isikhala sangaphakathi sama-Smartphones, amaphilisi, ama-laptops namanye amadivaysi siba silinganiselwe, futhi izidingo zamabhodi wesifunda seziba ngaphezulu nangaphezulu. I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi eseketheke amabhodi wesifunda sekuyindlela efanelekile yalawa madivayisi ngenxa yobuningi bawo obuphezulu nokwethenjwa okuphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizinkambu zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme njengezempi kanye ne-aerospace. Izinsizakusebenza kulezi zinkambu zinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zamabhodi wesifunda, adinga amabhodi wesifunda ngokusebenza okuhle nokuqina. Ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokwethenjwa okuphezulu, izimpumputhe ze-HDI futhi zingcwatshwe ngamabhodi wesifunda zinikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kwemishini kule mikhakha futhi kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimboni zamasosha nezempi.

I-HDI blind futhi yangcwatshwa ngamabhodi wesifunda asetshenziswa kabanzi kwizinkundla zezobuchwepheshe eziphakeme njengemishini yokuxhumana, ama-elekthronikhi wezimoto, imishini yabathengi, imishini yezempi, njll.