Umklami angase aklame ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elinezinombolo ezingavamile (PCB). Uma i-wiring ingadingi isendlalelo esengeziwe, kungani siyisebenzisa? Ingabe ukwehlisa izendlalelo ngeke kwenze ibhodi lesifunda libe mncane? Uma kunebhodi lesifunda elilodwa elincane, ngeke yini izindleko zibe phansi? Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukwengeza isendlalelo kuzonciphisa izindleko.

Isakhiwo sebhodi lesifunda
Amabhodi wesifunda anezakhiwo ezimbili ezihlukene: isakhiwo esiyinhloko kanye nesakhiwo se-foil.

Esakhiweni esiyinhloko, zonke izingqimba ze-conductive ebhodini lesifunda ziboshwe ezintweni eziyinhloko; esakhiweni se-foil-clad, kuphela ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-conductive lwebhodi lesifunda luboshwe ezintweni eziyinhloko, futhi ungqimba lwangaphandle lwe-conductive luyibhodi le-dielectric eline-foil-clad. Zonke izingqimba eziqhutshwayo zihlanganiswe ndawonye nge-dielectric kusetshenziswa inqubo yokufaka i-multilayer lamination.

Impahla yenuzi iyibhodi elifakwe ucwecwe elinezinhlangothi ezimbili efektri. Ngoba umongo ngamunye unezinhlangothi ezimbili, uma usetshenziswa ngokugcwele, inani lezingqimba ze-PCB ziyinombolo elinganayo. Kungani ungasebenzisi i-foil ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nesakhiwo esiyinhloko kokunye? Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi: izindleko ze-PCB kanye nezinga lokugoba le-PCB.

Inzuzo yezindleko zamabhodi wesifunda anezinombolo ezilinganayo
Ngenxa yokuntuleka kongqimba lwe-dielectric kanye ne-foil, izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zama-PCB anenombolo eyinqaba ziphansi kancane kunalezo zama-PCB anezinombolo ezilinganayo. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokucubungula zama-PCB anesendlalelo esingavamile ziphezulu kakhulu kunalezo ze-PCB ezilinganayo. Izindleko zokucubungula zesendlalelo sangaphakathi ziyafana; kodwa isakhiwo se-foil/core ngokusobala sandisa izindleko zokucubungula ungqimba lwangaphandle.

Ama-PCB anesendlalelo esinezinombolo ezingavamile adinga ukungeza inqubo yokubopha ungqimba oluwumgogodla we-laminated engajwayelekile ngokusekelwe kunqubo yesakhiwo esiwumongo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo senuzi, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamafekthri anezela i-foil esakhiweni senuzi kuzokwehla. Ngaphambi kwe-lamination kanye ne-bonding, i-core yangaphandle idinga ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe, okwandisa ingozi yokuklwebheka kanye namaphutha okufaka ungqimba lwangaphandle.

Isakhiwo sokulinganisela ukuze ugweme ukugoba
Isizathu esingcono kakhulu sokungaklami i-PCB enenombolo eyinqaba yezendlalelo ukuthi inombolo eyinqaba yamabhodi esekethe alula ukugoba. Uma i-PCB ipholile ngemva kwenqubo yokuhlanganisa isekethe yezendlalelo eziningi, ukungezwani okuhlukile kwe-lamination kwesakhiwo esiyinhloko kanye nesakhiwo esigqoke ucwecwe kuzobangela i-PCB ukuthi igobe uma iphola. Njengoba ukushuba kwebhodi lesifunda kwanda, ubungozi bokugoba kwe-PCB eyinhlanganisela enezakhiwo ezimbili ezahlukene buyanda. Isihluthulelo sokuqeda ukugoba kwebhodi lesifunda ukuthatha isitaki esilinganiselwe.

Nakuba i-PCB enezinga elithile lokugoba ihlangabezana nezidingo zokucaciswa, ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula okulandelayo kuzoncishiswa, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko. Ngenxa yokuthi imishini ekhethekile kanye nobuciko buyadingeka ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, ukunemba kokubekwa kwengxenye kuyancishiswa, okuzolimaza ikhwalithi.

Sebenzisa i-PCB enenombolo elinganayo
Uma i-PCB enenombolo eyinqaba ivela ekwakhiweni, izindlela ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ukuze kutholwe ukupakishwa okulinganiselwe, ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-PCB, nokugwema ukugoba kwe-PCB. Izindlela ezilandelayo zihlelwa ngokulandelana okuthandwayo.

Isendlalelo sesignali futhi uyisebenzise. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa uma ungqimba lwamandla we-PCB yokuklama lulingana futhi ungqimba lwesignali luyinqaba. Isendlalelo esingeziwe asizikhulisi izindleko, kodwa singanciphisa isikhathi sokulethwa futhi sithuthukise ikhwalithi ye-PCB.

Engeza isendlalelo samandla esengeziwe. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa uma ungqimba lwamandla we-PCB yokuklama iyinqaba futhi isendlalelo sesiginali silingana. Indlela elula iwukwengeza ungqimba phakathi kwesitaki ngaphandle kokushintsha ezinye izilungiselelo. Okokuqala, hambisa izintambo kungqimba lwe-PCB enezinombolo ezingavamile, bese ukopisha ungqimba lomhlabathi phakathi, bese umaka izendlalelo ezisele. Lokhu kuyafana nezici zikagesi zongqimba olujiyile lwe-foil.

Engeza isendlalelo sesignali esingenalutho eduze nendawo emaphakathi yesitaki se-PCB. Le ndlela inciphisa ukungalingani kokunqwabelanisa futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi ye-PCB. Okokuqala, landela izendlalelo ezinezinombolo ezingavamile ukuya emzileni, bese wengeza isendlalelo sesignali esingenalutho, bese umaka izendlalelo ezisele. Isetshenziswa kumasekhethi e-microwave nakumasekhethi wemidiya exubile (ama-dielectric constants ahlukene).

Izinzuzo ze-PCB elinganiselwe ye-laminated
Izindleko eziphansi, akulula ukugoba, nciphisa isikhathi sokulethwa futhi uqinisekise ikhwalithi.