Ucwaningo lwe-PCB yezimoto: ubuhlakani bezimoto kanye nokufakwa kukagesi kuletha isidingo sama-PCB, futhi abakhiqizi bendawo bayagqama.
Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 ngo-2020 wehlise ukuthengiswa kwezimoto emhlabeni wonke futhi kwaholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwesikali semboni safinyelela ku-USD6,261 wezigidi. Nokho ukulawula ubhubhane kancane kancane kuye kwakhuphula kakhulu ukuthengiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungena okukhulayo kwe-ADAS kanyeizimoto ezintsha zamandlaizothanda ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo sama-PCB, okungukuthikulindeleke ukuthi idlule i-USD12 billion ngo-2026.
Njengesizinda esikhulu sokukhiqiza se-PCB kanye nesizinda esikhulu sokukhiqiza izimoto emhlabeni, i-China idinga ama-PCB amaningi kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso esisodwa, imakethe yezimoto yaseChina ye-PCB ibibiza kufika ku-USD3,501 million ngo-2020.
Ubuhlakani bezimoto bukhuphula isidingo soAma-PCB.
Njengoba abathengi bafuna izimoto eziphephile, ezinethezekile, ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, izimoto zivame ukufakwa ugesi, idijithali futhi zihlakaniphe. I-ADAS idinga izingxenye eziningi ezisuselwe ku-PCB njengenzwa, isilawuli nohlelo lokuphepha. Ngakho-ke ubuhlakani bezimoto bukhuthaza ngqo isidingo sama-PCB.
Esimeni senzwa ye-ADAS, imoto ehlakaniphile emaphakathi ithwala amakhamera amaningi namarada ukuze inike amandla imisebenzi yokusiza ukushayela. Isibonelo yi-Tesla Model 3 epakisha amakhamera ayi-8, i-radar engu-1 nezinzwa eziyi-12 ze-ultrasonic. Ngokwesilinganiso esisodwa, i-PCB yezinzwa ze-Tesla Model 3 ADAS inenani elingu-RMB536 kuya ku-RMB1,364, noma u-21.4% kuya ku-54.6% yenani eliphelele le-PCB, okwenza kucace ukuthi ubuhlakani bezimoto buyandisa isidingo sama-PCB.
Ukufakwa kukagesi kwezimoto kukhuthaza isidingo sama-PCB.
Ngokuhlukile ezimotweni ezijwayelekile, izimoto zamandla amasha zidinga amasistimu kagesi asuselwa ku-PCB njenge-inverter, i-DC-DC, ishaja esebhodini, uhlelo lokuphatha amandla kanye nesilawuli sezimoto, esikhulisa ngqo isidingo sama-PCB. Izibonelo zifaka i-Tesla Model 3, imodeli enenani eliphelele le-PCB elingaphezu kuka-RMB2,500, izikhathi ezingu-6.25 kunezimoto ezijwayelekile ezisebenza ngophethiloli.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PCB
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukungena emhlabeni wonke kwezimoto zamandla amasha kuye kwanda. Amazwe amakhulu asungule izinqubomgomo zemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha; abakhiqizi bezimoto abajwayelekile bajaha ukwethula izinhlelo zabo zokuthuthukisa izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla. Lezi zinyathelo zizoba negalelo elikhulu ekwandiseni izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla. Kuyacatshangelwa ukuthi ukungena emhlabeni wonke kwezimoto zamandla amasha kuzokhula eminyakeni ezayo.
Kubikezelwa ukuthi imakethe yezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-PCB emhlabeni wonke izobiza i-RMB38.25 billion ngo-2026, njengoba izimoto ezintsha zamandla zisabalala futhi isidingo esivela emazingeni aphezulu obuhlakani bezimoto sithanda ukukhula kwenani le-PCB ngemoto ngayinye.
Abathengisi bendawo banciphise inani emqhudelwaneni onzima wemakethe.
Njengamanje, imakethe yezimoto ye-PCB yomhlaba wonke ibuswa ngabadlali baseJapan abafana ne-CMK ne-Mektron nabadlali baseTaiwan abafana ne-CHIN POON Industrial kanye ne-TRIPOD Technology. Kungokufanayo nangemakethe ye-PCB yezimoto yaseChina. Iningi lalaba badlali bakhe izisekelo zokukhiqiza e-Chinese Mainland.
E-China Mainland, izinkampani zendawo zithatha ingxenye encane emakethe yezimoto ye-PCB. Nokho abanye babo sebevele benza ukuthunyelwa emakethe, ngemali engenayo ekhuphukayo evela kuma-PCB ezimoto. Ezinye izinkampani zinesizinda samakhasimende esikhava abahlinzeki bezingxenye zezimoto abahamba phambili emhlabeni, okusho ukuthi kulula kuzo ukuthola ama-oda amakhulu ukuze zithole amandla. Ngokuzayo bangase balawule kakhulu emakethe.
Imakethe yemali isiza abadlali bendawo.
Eminyakeni emibili yakamuva, izinkampani ze-PCB zezimoto zifuna ukwesekwa kwemali ukuze zandise umthamo wemiphetho yokuncintisana. Ngokusekelwa kwemakethe yemali, abadlali basekhaya bazoba nokuncintisana kakhulu njengoba kunjalo.
Imikhiqizo ye-PCB yezimoto ihamba phambili, futhi izinkampani zendawo zenza ukuthunyelwa.
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-PCB yezimoto iholwa ngamabhodi anezingqimba ezimbili kanye nezingqimba eziningi, anesidingo esiphansi kakhulu samabhodi e-HDI namabhodi anesivinini esiphezulu, imikhiqizo ye-PCB enenani eliphakeme ezodingeka kakhulu esikhathini esizayo njengesidingo semoto. ukuxhumana kanye nengaphakathi kuyakhula futhi izimoto ezifakwe ugesi, ezihlakaniphile nezixhunyiwe ziyathuthuka.
Umthamo oweqile wemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi kanye nempi yamanani aqinile yenza izinkampani zingabi nenzuzo encane. Ezinye izinkampani zasendaweni zivame ukutshala imikhiqizo ephezulu ene-value ukuze zibe nokuncintisana kakhulu.