Umqondo ojwayelekile nezindlela zokuhlola i-PCB: bheka, lalela, nuka, thinta…
1. Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa imishini yokuhlola esekelwe phansi ukuze uthinte i-TV ebukhoma, umsindo, ividiyo nezinye izisetshenziswa zepuleti elingezansi ukuze uhlole ibhodi le-PCB ngaphandle kwesiguquli sokuhlukanisa.
Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlola ngokuqondile i-TV, umsindo, ividiyo nezinye izinto zokusebenza ngaphandle kwesiguquli sokuhlukanisa amandla esinamathuluzi nezinto zokusebenza ezinamagobolondo aphansi. Nakuba umsakazo ojwayelekile nerekhoda yekhasethi inesiguquli samandla, lapho uhlangana ne-TV ekhethekile noma imishini yokulalelwayo, ikakhulukazi amandla aphumayo noma uhlobo lwamandla asetshenziswayo, kufanele uqale uthole ukuthi i-chassis yomshini ishajiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula kakhulu I-TV, i-audio nezinye izinto ezishajwa ngepuleti elingezansi kubangela ukujikeleza okufushane kokunikezwa kwamandla, okuthinta isifunda esihlanganisiwe, okubangela ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwephutha.
2. Naka ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-soldering iron lapho uhlola ibhodi le-PCB
Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-solder iron for soldering ngamandla. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-soldering iron ayikhokhiswa. Kungcono ukugaya igobolondo le-soldering iron. Qaphela kakhulu ngesekhethi ye-MOS. Kuphephe kakhudlwana ukusebenzisa insimbi ene-voltage ephansi ye-soldering engu-6~8V.
3. Yazi isimiso sokusebenza samasekethe ahlanganisiwe namasekhethi ahlobene ngaphambi kokuhlola amabhodi e-PCB
Ngaphambi kokuhlola nokulungisa isekethe ehlanganisiwe, kufanele uqale wazi umsebenzi wesekethe ehlanganisiwe esetshenzisiwe, isifunda sangaphakathi, imingcele eyinhloko kagesi, indima yephini ngalinye, kanye ne-voltage evamile yephini, i-waveform kanye nokusebenza. isimiso sesekhethi esakhiwe izingxenye ze-peripheral. Uma izimo ezingenhla zihlangene, ukuhlaziya nokuhlola kuzoba lula kakhulu.
4. Ungabangeli amasekhethi amafushane phakathi kwamaphini lapho uhlola i-PCB
Lapho ukala i-voltage noma uhlola i-waveform nge-oscilloscope probe, ungabangeli isekethe emfushane phakathi kwamaphini wesekethe ehlanganisiwe ngenxa yokuslayida kwemikhondo yokuhlola noma ama-probe. Kungcono ukulinganisa kumjikelezo ophrintiwe we-peripheral oxhunywe ngqo nezikhonkwane. Noma iyiphi isekethe yesikhashana ingalimaza kalula isekethe ehlanganisiwe, ngakho-ke qaphela kakhulu lapho uhlola isekethe ehlanganisiwe ye-CMOS enephakheji eliyisicaba.
5. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwethuluzi lokuhlola ibhodi le-PCB kufanele kube kukhulu
Lapho kulinganiswa i-voltage ye-DC yezikhonkwane ze-IC, i-multimeter enokumelana kwangaphakathi kwekhanda lemitha elikhulu kuno-20KΩ/V kufanele isetshenziswe, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nephutha elikhulu lokulinganisa le-voltage yamanye amaphini.
6. Naka ukuchithwa kokushisa kwamasekethe ahlanganisiwe wamandla lapho uhlola amabhodi e-PCB
Isifunda esihlanganisiwe samandla kufanele sihlakaze ukushisa kahle, futhi akuvunyelwe ukusebenza ngaphansi kwamandla aphezulu ngaphandle kokushisa kokushisa.
7. Intambo yokuhola yebhodi le-PCB kufanele ibe nengqondo
Uma udinga ukungeza izingxenye zangaphandle esikhundleni sengxenye eyonakele yesekethe ehlanganisiwe, izingxenye ezincane kufanele zisetshenziswe, futhi izintambo kufanele zibe nengqondo ukuze ugweme ukuhlangana okungadingekile kwe-parasitic, ikakhulukazi ukumiswa phakathi kwesekethe ehlanganisiwe yomsindo we-amplifier kanye nokuphela kwesekhethi ye-preamplifier. .
8. Hlola ibhodi le-PCB ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yokushisela
Lapho i-soldering, i-solder iqinile, futhi ukuqoqwa kwe-solder nama-pores kungabangela kalula i-solder yamanga. Isikhathi se-soldering ngokuvamile asidluli imizuzwana engu-3, futhi amandla ensimbi e-solder kufanele abe ngu-25W ngokufudumeza kwangaphakathi. Isifunda esihlanganisiwe esidayisiwe kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-ohmmeter ukukala ukuthi kukhona isifunda esifushane phakathi kwezikhonkwane, uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukunamathela kwe-solder, bese uvula amandla.
9. Ungatholi kalula umonakalo wesekethe ehlanganisiwe lapho uhlola ibhodi le-PCB
Ungahluleli ukuthi isifunda esihlanganisiwe sonakaliswa kalula. Ngenxa yokuthi amasekhethi amaningi ahlanganisiwe ahlanganiswe ngokuqondile, uma isekethe ingajwayelekile, ingase ibangele izinguquko eziningi zamandla kagesi, futhi lezi zinguquko azibangelwa ngempela ukulimala kwesekethe ehlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, i-voltage elinganiselwe yephini ngalinye ihlukile kokujwayelekile Uma amanani ehambisana noma eseduze, kungase kungasho njalo ukuthi isifunda esihlanganisiwe muhle. Ngoba amanye amaphutha athambile ngeke abangele izinguquko ku-voltage ye-DC.
02
Indlela yokulungisa iphutha lebhodi le-PCB
Ebhodini elisha le-PCB elisanda kubuyiselwa emuva, kufanele siqale sibheke ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga ebhodini, njengokuthi kukhona yini ukuqhekeka okusobala, amasekhethi amafushane, amasekethe avulekile, njll. Uma kunesidingo, hlola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukumelana phakathi amandla kanye nomhlabathi mkhulu ngokwanele.
Ebhodini lesifunda elisanda kwakhiwa, ukulungisa iphutha kuvame ukubhekana nobunzima obuthile, ikakhulukazi uma ibhodi likhulu futhi kunezingxenye eziningi, ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukuqala. Kodwa uma wazi isethi yezindlela zokulungisa iphutha, ukulungisa iphutha kuzothola umphumela ophindwe kabili ngomzamo oyingxenye.
Izinyathelo zokulungisa iphutha lebhodi le-PCB:
1. Ebhodini elisha le-PCB elisanda kubuyiselwa, kufanele siqale sibheke ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga ebhodini, njengokuthi kukhona yini ukuqhekeka okusobala, amasekhethi amafushane, amasekhethi avulekile, njll. Uma kunesidingo, ungabheka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukumelana phakathi kokunikezwa kwamandla nomhlabathi kukhulu ngokwanele.
2. Bese kufakwa izingxenye. Amamojula azimele, uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi asebenza kahle, kungcono ukuthi ungawafaki wonke, kodwa ufake ingxenye ngengxenye (kuma-circuits amancane, ungawafaka ngesikhathi esisodwa), ukuze kube lula ukunquma. uhla lwamaphutha. Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga, awukwazi ukuqala.
Ngokuvamile, ungafaka ugesi kuqala, bese uvula ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-voltage ephumayo yomthombo wamandla ijwayelekile yini. Uma ungenakho ukuzethemba okukhulu lapho unika amandla (ngisho noma uqinisekile, kuyanconywa ukuthi wengeze i-fuse, uma kwenzeka), cabanga ukusebenzisa ukunikezwa kwamandla okulawulwayo okulawulwayo okunomsebenzi wamanje wokukhawulela.
Misa kusengaphambili ukuvikela okudlulele phambili kuqala, bese ukhuphula kancane kancane inani lamandla kagesi okulawulwayo, futhi uqaphe i-input current, i-voltage yokufaka ne-voltage ephumayo. Uma kungekho ukuvikelwa kwe-overcurrent nezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuphezulu, futhi i-voltage yokuphuma isifinyelele evamile, ukunikezwa kwamandla KULUNGILE. Uma kungenjalo, nqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla, thola indawo enephutha, bese uphinda izinyathelo ezingenhla kuze kube yilapho ukunikezwa kwamandla sekujwayelekile.
3. Okulandelayo, faka amanye amamojula kancane kancane. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kufakwa imojuli, yivule futhi uyihlole. Uma ukhanyisa, landela lezi zinyathelo ezingenhla ukuze ugweme ukwanda kwamanje okubangelwa amaphutha edizayini kanye/noma amaphutha okufaka kanye nokushiswa kwezingxenye.