01
Ukwakheka kwamandla okuhlobene
Imibuthano yedijithali ivame ukudinga imisinga yokuhlanekezela, ngakho-ke imisinga ye-inrush yenziwa ngamadivayisi athile asheshe.
Uma umkhondo wamandla mude kakhulu, ukuba khona kwe-inrush yamanje kuzodala umsindo ovame kakhulu, futhi lo msindo wemvamisa ephezulu uzongeniswa kwezinye izibonakaliso. Emibuthanweni yejubane eliphezulu, kuzobe kungenakugwenywa ukufakwa kwesisulu, ukumelana nobungqabavu kanye nomsindo we-parasitic, ngakho-ke umsindo ovame ukwehla kuzoholela emandleni okunciphisa ukuncipha okuphezulu, okuholela ekwehleni kwamanje, okungakhubaza umjikelezo.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwengeza i-Pass Papacitor phambi kwedivayisi yedijithali. Okukhulu amandla, amandla okuhambisa akhawulelwe isilinganiso sokudlulisela, ngakho-ke amandla amakhulu kanye ne-capcacitance encane ngokuvamile ahlanganiswe nokuhlangabezana nobubanzi bokuvama okugcwele.
Gwema amabala ashisayo: I-Vilal Vias izokhiqiza izikhala kungqimba yamandla nesendlalelo esingezansi. Ngakho-ke, ukubekwa okungenangqondo kwe-vias kungenzeka kwandise ukuqina kwamanje ezindaweni ezithile zokuhlinzekwa kwamandla noma indiza yomhlaba. Lezi zindawo lapho kukhuphuka khona ama-density akhona abizwa ngokuthi amabala ashisayo.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele sizame konke okusemandleni ethu ukugwema lesi simo lapho sibeka i-vias, ukuze sivimbele indiza ukuthi ihlukaniswe, ekugcineni izoholela ezinkingeni ze-EMC.
Imvamisa indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema izindawo ezishisayo ukubekezelela i-vias kuphethini le-mesh, ukuze ubuqili bamanje bungahlukaniswa, futhi indlela yokubuyisa ngeke ibe yinde kakhulu, futhi izinkinga ze-EMC ngeke zenzeke.
02
Indlela yokugoba yomkhondo
Lapho ubeka imigqa yesiginali ephezulu kakhulu, gwema ukugoba imigqa yesiginali ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kufanele ugobe umkhondo, ungayilandeli engela elibi noma elifanele, kepha usebenzisa i-angle yokuthola.
Lapho sibeka imigqa yesiginali ephezulu kakhulu, sivame ukusebenzisa imigqa yenyoka ukufezekisa ubude obulinganayo. Umugqa wenyoka efanayo empeleni uluhlobo lokugoba. Ububanzi be-Line Ububanzi, Ukuhlukanisa izikhala, kanye nendlela yokugoba kufanele kukhethwe konke ngokunengqondo, futhi izikhala kufanele zihlangane nomthetho we-4W / 1.5W.
03
Ukusondela kwesiginali
Uma ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yesiginali ephezulu kakhulu lisondele kakhulu, kulula ukukhiqiza i-crosstalk. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yokwakheka, usayizi wefreyimu yebhodi nezinye izizathu, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yethu yesiginali ephezulu kakhulu idlula ibanga lethu elidingekayo, khona-ke singakhulisa ibanga phakathi kwezimpawu zesiginali esisheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka ebhodleni. ibanga.
Eqinisweni, uma isikhala sanele, zama ukwandisa ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yesiginali emibili ephezulu.
03
Ukusondela kwesiginali
Uma ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yesiginali ephezulu kakhulu lisondele kakhulu, kulula ukukhiqiza i-crosstalk. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yokwakheka, usayizi wefreyimu yebhodi nezinye izizathu, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yethu yesiginali ephezulu kakhulu idlula ibanga lethu elidingekayo, khona-ke singakhulisa ibanga phakathi kwezimpawu zesiginali esisheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka ebhodleni. ibanga.
Eqinisweni, uma isikhala sanele, zama ukwandisa ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yesiginali emibili ephezulu.
05
Ukuvinjwa akuqhubeki
Inani le-Imperance lokulandela umkhondo ngokuvamile lincike kulayini walo ububanzi kanye nebanga phakathi komkhondo kanye nendiza yereferensi. Ubanzi umkhondo, ukwehlisa ukungcola kwawo. Kwamanye ama-terminals nama-pads wedivayisi, umgomo uyasebenza futhi.
Lapho i-Padface terminal terminal ixhunyiwe kulayini wesiginali onesivinini esikhulu, uma i-pad ikhulu ngalesi sikhathi, futhi umugqa wesiginali ophakeme unciphise ikakhulukazi, ukungcola kwephedi enkulu kuncane, futhi umkhondo omncane kufanele abe nokuvikelwa okukhulu. Kulokhu, ukunqanyulwa kokungaphandle kuzokwenzeka, futhi ukuboniswa kwesiginali kuzokwenzeka uma ukubulawa kunqabile.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, ishidi lethusi elinqatshelwe libekwe ngaphansi kwepanini elikhulu le-terminal noma idivaysi, bese indiza ye-pad ibekwa kwenye isendlalelo ukuze ikhuphule i-interance ukwenza okuqhubekayo.
UVias ungomunye umthombo wokungaziphathi kahle. Ukuze unciphise lo mphumela, isikhumba sethusi esingadingeki esixhunywe esihlokweni sangaphakathi futhi i-via kufanele isuswe.
Eqinisweni, lolu hlobo lokusebenza lungaqedwa ngamathuluzi we-CAD ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa noma thintana nomenzi wokucubungula i-PCB ukuze asuse ithusi elingenasidingo futhi aqinisekise ukuqhubeka kokuphazamiseka.
UVias ungomunye umthombo wokungaziphathi kahle. Ukuze unciphise lo mphumela, isikhumba sethusi esingadingeki esixhunywe esihlokweni sangaphakathi futhi i-via kufanele isuswe.
Eqinisweni, lolu hlobo lokusebenza lungaqedwa ngamathuluzi we-CAD ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa noma thintana nomenzi wokucubungula i-PCB ukuze asuse ithusi elingenasidingo futhi aqinisekise ukuqhubeka kokuphazamiseka.
Kwenqatshelwe ukuhlela ama-vias noma izakhi ku-pair ehlukile. Uma i-vias noma izakhi zifakwa ku-pair ehlukile, izinkinga ze-EMC zizokwenzeka futhi zihlengezelwe ukunqanyulwa kokuvimbela.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ezinye iziginali zesiginali ezahlukahlukene eziphakeme zidinga ukuxhunywa ngochungechunge ngama-capacitors ahlangane. I-copacitor ehlanganayo nayo idinga ukuhlelwa ngokulinganayo, futhi iphakethe le-capacitor yokuhlanganisa akufanele libe likhulu kakhulu. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-0402, 0603 kuye kwamukeleka futhi, futhi ama-capacitors ngenhla kwe-0805 noma ama-capacitors aseceleni angcono ukuthi asetshenziswe.
Imvamisa, i-vias izokhiqiza ukunqanyulwa okukhulu kokuphazamiseka, ngakho-ke ngejubane eliphakeme lokuhlukanisa umugqa wezimpawu, zama ukunciphisa i-vias, futhi uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-vias, futhi uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-vias, futhi uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-vias, uhlele ngokulinganayo.
07
Ubude obulinganayo
Kwezinye izimpawu zesiginali ephezulu, ngokuvamile, njengebhasi, isikhathi sokufika nesikhathi sephutha lesikhathi phakathi kwemigqa yesiginali yomuntu ngamunye kudingeka ukuthi kubhekwe. Isibonelo, eqenjini lamabhasi asheshayo ahamba ngesivinini esikhulu, isikhathi sokufika kwayo yonke imigqa yesiginali yedatha kufanele siqinisekiswe kungakapheli isikhathi sephutha lesikhathi sokuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kwesikhathi sokusetha nesikhathi sokubamba. Ukuze sihlangabezane nalesi sicelo, kufanele sibheke ubude obulinganayo.
Umugqa wesiginali ohlukile wejubane eliphezulu kufanele aqinisekise isikhathi esiqinile semigqa emibili yesiginali, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuxhumana kungenzeka kwehluleke. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sihlangabezane nale mfuneko, umugqa wenyoka ungasetshenziswa ukufezekisa ubude obulinganayo, ngaleyo ndlela uhlangabezana nesidingo se-lag yesikhathi.
Umugqa wenyoka kufanele ubekwe emthonjeni wokulahleka kobude, hhayi ekugcineni. Kuphela emthonjeni kuphela amasiginali asemikhawulweni emihle futhi engemihle yomugqa ohlukile adluliswa ngokuvumelanisa isikhathi esiningi.
Umugqa wenyoka kufanele ubekwe emthonjeni wokulahleka kobude, hhayi ekugcineni. Kuphela emthonjeni kuphela amasiginali asemikhawulweni emihle futhi engemihle yomugqa ohlukile adluliswa ngokuvumelanisa isikhathi esiningi.
Uma kunemikhakha emibili egobekile futhi ibanga phakathi kwalezi ezimbili lingaphansi kwe-15mm, ukulahleka kobude phakathi kwalokhu okubili kuzonxephezelana ngalesi sikhathi, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwenza ukucubungula ubude obulinganayo ngalesi sikhathi.
Ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zesiginali ezihlukile zesiginali ehlukile, kufanele zibe ngazimele ngokuzimela. I-Vias, ama-capacitors ahlanganise ama-coupling, kanye nama-terminals abonakalayo wonke ama-signal imigqa yesiginali ehlukile ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili, ngakho-ke naka ukunaka okukhethekile ngalesi sikhathi.
Kumele kube ubude obuhlukile ngokwahlukana. Ngoba isoftware eningi ye-Eda inaka kuphela ukuthi ngabe yonke i-wiring ilahlekile ku-DRC.
Okwezindawo ezifana nama-LVD abonisa amadivaysi, kuzoba ngababili ababili bokwehluka ngasikhathi sinye, futhi izidingo zesikhathi phakathi kwababili ngokwehluka ngokuvamile ziqinile kakhulu, futhi izidingo zokulibaziseka isikhathi zincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ngabili lababili labaphathi, ngokuvamile sidinga ukuba babe sendizeni efanayo. Yenza isinxephezelo. Ngoba ijubane lokuhambisa lesiginali lezendlalelo ezahlukene lihlukile.
Lapho isoftware ethile ye-EDA ibala ubude be-TRAP, umkhondo ngaphakathi kwe-pad nayo izobalwa ngaphakathi kobude. Uma isinxephezelo sobude senziwa ngalesi sikhathi, umphumela wangempela uzolahlekelwa ubude. Ngakho-ke khokha ngokukhethekile ngalesi sikhathi lapho usebenzisa isoftware ethile ye-EDA.
Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, uma ungakwazi, kufanele ukhethe umzila olula ukugwema isidingo sokugcina usenzele umzila wenyoka wobude obulinganayo.
Uma isikhala sivumela, zama ukwengeza i-loop encane emthonjeni womugqa ohlukile wokuhlukanisa ukuze ufinyelele isinxephezelo, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umugqa wenyoka ukuze unxephezele.