Ifilimu yinto eqhelekileyo yemveliso encedisayo kwishishini lebhodi yesekethe.Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kugqithiso lwemizobo, imaski ye-solder kunye nokubhaliweyo.Umgangatho wefilimu uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wemveliso.
Ifilimu yifilimu, yinguqulelo yakudala yefilim, ngoku ibhekisa kwifilim ngokubanzi, inokubhekisa nakwi-negative kwipleyiti yokushicilela.Ifilimu evezwe kweli nqaku ibhekisela kwizinto ezingalunganga kwibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo.
Ifilimu imnyama, kwaye inombolo yefilimu luphawu lwesiNgesi.Kwikona yefilimu, bonisa ukuba yeyiphi ifilimu ye-C, M, Y, okanye K, kwaye yenye ye-cmyk (okanye inombolo yombala webala).Ibonisa umbala wemveliso yefilimu.Ukuba akunjalo, unokujonga i-engile yesikrini ukuchonga umbala.Ibha yombala enyathelweyo ecaleni kwayo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubuninzi bechaphaza.
Ibar yombala ayikona nje ukubona ukuba ukuxinana kwamachaphaza kuqhelekile, okanye ukujonga kwi-CMYK, egwetywa ngokubanzi ngokuma kwebar yombala: umbala webha nguC kwikona esezantsi ekhohlo, umbala webar nguM ikona ephezulu ekhohlo, kwaye uY ukwikona ephezulu ngasekunene.Ikona esezantsi ekunene ngu K, okoko nje umzi-mveliso woshicilelo uyazi CMYK ngokwebar yombala.Oko kukuthi, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuhlolwa kogxininiso lophuhliso lwefilimu, kukho iinombolo zemibala kwiikona zefilimu.Ngokumalunga nenani lemibala eliza kushicilelwa, limiselwa ngumgca weskrini wefilimu nganye.
Amacandelo aphambili efilimu yifilimu ekhuselayo, i-emulsion layer, ifilimu edibeneyo, isiseko sefilimu kunye ne-anti-halation layer.Amacandelo aphambili zizinto zesilivere zetyuwa ze-photosensitive, i-gelatin kunye ne-pigments.Ityuwa yesilivere inokubuyisela iziko eliphambili lesilivere phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya, kodwa ayinyibiliki emanzini.Ngoko ke, i-gelatin ingasetyenziselwa ukuyenza ibe yindawo emisiwe kwaye ifakwe kwisiseko sefilimu.I-emulsion iqulethe ii-pigments zokuvuselela.Emva koko ifilimu evezwayo ifunyenwe ngesenzo se-actinic.
Inkqubo yokugungxulwa kwefilimu yebhodi yesekethe
Ifilimu inokucutshungulwa emva kokuvezwa.I-negatives ezahlukeneyo zineemeko ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula.Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, kufuneka ufunde imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwee-negatives ngononophelo ukumisela umphuhlisi ochanekileyo kunye nokulungiswa kokulungiswa.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwefilimu imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-exposure imaging: oko kukuthi, emva kokuba ifilimu ibonakaliswe, ityuwa yesilivere ibuyisela iziko lesilivere, kodwa ngeli xesha, akukho mizobo ingabonwa kwifilimu, ebizwa ngokuba ngumfanekiso ofihlakeleyo.
Uphuhliso:
imalunga nokunciphisa ityuwa yesilivere emva kwe-irradiation ibe ngamasuntswana esilivere amnyama.Ngexesha lophuhliso lwezandla, ifilimu yetyuwa yesilivere eveziweyo ifakwe ngokulinganayo kwisisombululo somphuhlisi.Ngenxa yokuba ifilimu yetyuwa yesilivere esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweebhodi eziprintiweyo inesantya esisezantsi se-photosensitive, inkqubo yophuhliso inokujongwa phantsi kokukhanya okukhuselekileyo, kodwa ukukhanya akufanele kukhanye kakhulu , Ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa yifilimu engalunganga.Xa imifanekiso emnyama kumacala omabini e-negative inobunzulu bombala ofanayo, uphuhliso kufuneka luyeke.
Thatha ifilimu kwisisombululo esiphuhlisayo, sihlambulule ngamanzi okanye isisombululo sokumisa i-asidi, uze uyibeke kwisisombululo sokulungisa kwaye uyilungise.Ubushushu bomphuhlisi bunempembelelo enkulu kwisantya sophuhliso.Ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa, ngokukhawuleza isantya sophuhliso.Iqondo lokushisa elifanelekileyo kakhulu liyi-18 ~ 25OC.
Inkqubo yokuphuhlisa umatshini igqitywe ngokuzenzekelayo ngumatshini wokufota ngokuzenzekelayo, nikela ingqalelo kumlinganiselo woxinaniso lweyeza.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-concentration ratio yesisombululo esiphuhlisayo sokubethelwa komatshini ngu-1: 4, oko kukuthi, isisombululo esiphuhlisayo somthamo we-cup yokulinganisa i-1 idityaniswe ngokulinganayo kunye ne-4 yokulinganisa iikomityi zamanzi acocekileyo.
Ukulungisa:
kukunyibilikisa ityuwa yesilivere engekancitshiswa ibe yisilivere kwi-negative ukuthintela le nxalenye yetyuwa yesilivere ekuchaphazeleni umfanekiso ombi emva kokuvezwa.Ixesha lokugqiba ifilimu kunye nokulungiswa liphindwe kabini emva kokuba kungekho nxalenye ye-photosensitive kwifilimu ecacileyo.Inkqubo yokufota kunye nokulungisa umatshini iphinda igqitywe ngokuzenzekelayo ngumatshini wokufota ngokuzenzekelayo.Umlinganiselo wokuxinana kwesiraphu unokuba ngqindilili kancinane kunolo lwesiraphu ephuhlayo, oko kukuthi, ikomityi e-1 yokulinganisa yesiraphu yokulungisa idityaniswe ngokulinganayo ngeekomityi zokulinganisa ezi-3 kunye nesiqingatha samanzi.
Ukuhlamba:
Ifilimu emiselweyo inamathele kwiikhemikhali ezifana ne-sodium thiosulfate.Ukuba ayihlanjwanga, ifilimu iya kuba tyheli kwaye ingasebenzi.Iipilisi ezifakwe ngesandla zivame ukuhlanjululwa ngamanzi asebenzayo kwi-15-20 imizuzu.Inkqubo yokuhlamba kunye nokumisa inkqubo yefilimu yomatshini igqitywe ngokuzenzekelayo ngumatshini wokwenza ifilimu ngokuzenzekelayo.
umoya womile:
I-negatives egqitywe ngesandla kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo emva kokumisa umoya.
Kule nkqubo ingentla, qaphela ukuba ungayikrazuli ifilimu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, musa ukutshiza izisombululo zekhemikhali ezifana nokuphuhlisa kunye nokulungisa ulwelo emzimbeni womntu kunye nempahla.