Ukususela kwiziphumo zovavanyo lweemveliso ezahlukeneyo, kufunyenwe ukuba le ESD luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu: ukuba ibhodi yesekethe ayilungiswanga kakuhle, xa umbane we-static ungeniswa, uya kubangela ukuba imveliso iphazamise okanye yonakalise amacandelo. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ndaqaphela kuphela ukuba i-ESD iya konakalisa amacandelo, kodwa andizange ndilindele ukuhlawula ngokwaneleyo kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki.

I-ESD yinto esihlala siyibiza ngokuba yi-Electro-Static discharge. Kulwazi olufundiweyo, kuyaziwa ukuba umbane ongatshintshiyo yinto yendalo, edla ngokuveliswa ngokudibana, ukungqubuzana, ukufakwa phakathi kwezixhobo zombane, njl. okanye amashumi amawaka e-volts ombane omileyo)), amandla aphantsi, ixesha eliphantsi langoku kunye nexesha elifutshane lesenzo. Kwiimveliso zombane, ukuba uyilo lwe-ESD alululwanga kakuhle, ukusebenza kweemveliso zombane kunye nezombane zihlala zingazinzanga okanye zonakaliswe.

Iindlela ezimbini ziqhele ukusetyenziswa xa usenza iimvavanyo zokukhupha i-ESD: ukukhutshwa koqhagamshelwano kunye nokukhutshwa komoya.

Ukukhutshwa koqhagamshelwano kukukhupha ngokuthe ngqo izixhobo phantsi kovavanyo; ukukhutshwa komoya kukwabizwa ngokuba kukukhutshwa okungathanga ngqo, okuveliswa kukudityaniswa kwendawo enemagnethi eyomeleleyo ukuya kwiilophu zangoku ezikufutshane. Umbane wovavanyo kwezi mvavanyo zimbini ngokuqhelekileyo yi-2KV-8KV, kwaye iimfuno zahlukile kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuyila, kufuneka siqale sijonge intengiso yemveliso.

Ezi meko zimbini zingasentla luvavanyo olusisiseko lweemveliso zombane ezingenakusebenza ngenxa yombane womzimba womntu okanye ezinye izizathu xa umzimba womntu udibana neemveliso zombane. Lo mzobo ungezantsi ubonisa iinkcukacha-manani zokufuma komoya kweminye imimandla kwiinyanga ezahlukeneyo zonyaka. Inokubonwa kumfanekiso wokuba iLasvegas inobumanzi obuncinci unyaka wonke. Iimveliso ze-elektroniki kule ndawo kufuneka zihlawule ngokukodwa ukhuseleko lwe-ESD.

Iimeko zokufuma zahlukile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kummandla, ukuba ukufuma komoya akufani, umbane ongatshintshiyo owenziweyo ukwahluka. Itheyibhile elandelayo yidatha eqokelelweyo, apho kunokubonwa ukuba umbane we-static uyanda njengoko umswakama womoya uyancipha. Oku kukwachaza ngokungangqalanga isizathu sokuba kutheni iintlantsi ezimileyo ezenziwe xa ukhulula ijezi kubusika basemantla zikhulu kakhulu. “

Ekubeni umbane ongatshintshiyo uyingozi enkulu, sinokuwukhusela njani? Xa uyila ukhuseleko lwe-electrostatic, sihlala silwahlula lube ngamanyathelo amathathu: ukuthintela iindleko zangaphandle ukuba zigeleze kwibhodi yesekethe kwaye zibangele umonakalo; ukuthintela amandla ombane angaphandle ekonakaliseni ibhodi yesekethe; ukuthintela umonakalo kwimihlaba electrostatic.

Kuyilo lwesekethe yokwenyani, siya kusebenzisa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zilandelayo zokhuseleko lombane:

1

Iidiode zeAvalanche zokukhusela i-electrostatic
Le ikwayindlela esoloko isetyenziswa kuyilo. Indlela eqhelekileyo kukudibanisa i-avalanche diode emhlabeni ngokuhambelana nomgca wesignali obalulekileyo. Le ndlela kukusebenzisa i-avalanche diode ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikwazi ukuzinzisa i-clamping, enokutya i-voltage ephezulu egxininisiweyo ngexesha elifutshane ukukhusela ibhodi yesiphaluka.

2

Sebenzisa i-high-voltage capacitors ukukhusela isiphaluka
Kule ndlela, i-ceramic capacitors kunye ne-voltage yokumelana ubuncinane ye-1.5KV idla ngokufakwa kwi-I / O ikhonkco okanye indawo yesignali engundoqo, kwaye umgca wokudibanisa ufutshane kangangoko ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa koqhagamshelwano. umgca. Ukuba i-capacitor ene-low-standing voltage isetyenzisiweyo, iya kubangela umonakalo kwi-capacitor kwaye ilahlekelwe ukukhuselwa kwayo.

3

Sebenzisa amaso e-ferrite ukukhusela isiphaluka
Amaso eFerrite anokuyithomalalisa i-ESD yangoku kakuhle, kwaye inokucinezela imitha. Xa ujongene neengxaki ezimbini, i-ferrite bead lukhetho oluhle kakhulu.

4

Indlela ye-Spark gap
Le ndlela ibonakala kwisiqwenga sezinto. Indlela ekhethekileyo kukusebenzisa ubhedu lwe-triangular kunye neengcebiso ezihambelana nomnye kumgca we-microstrip owenziwe ngobhedu. Esinye isiphelo sobhedu lwe-triangular sixhunyiwe kumgca wesignali, kwaye enye ithusi elingunxantathu. Xhuma emhlabeni. Xa kukho umbane ongatshintshiyo, uya kuvelisa ukukhutshwa okubukhali kwaye usebenzise amandla ombane.

5

Sebenzisa indlela ye-LC yokucoca ukukhusela isiphaluka
Isihluzi esenziwe yi-LC sinokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umbane osisigxina osisigxina osisigxina ekungeneni kwisekethe. I-inductive reactance character ye-inductor ilungile ekuvimbeleni i-ESD yamaxesha amaninzi ekungeneni kwisekethe, ngelixa i-capacitor ivala amandla aphezulu e-ESD emhlabeni. Kwangaxeshanye, olu hlobo lwesihluzi lunokugudisa umda wophawu kwaye lunciphise isiphumo seRF, kwaye ukusebenza kuye kwaphuculwa ngakumbi ngokwemfezeko yomqondiso.

6

Ibhodi ye-Multilayer yokukhusela i-ESD
Xa imali ivuma, ukukhetha ibhodi ye-multilayer ikwayindlela esebenzayo yokuthintela i-ESD. Kwibhodi ye-multi-layer, kuba kukho indiza yomhlaba epheleleyo kufuphi nomkhondo, oku kunokwenza isibini se-ESD kwinqwelomoya ephantsi ye-impedance ngokukhawuleza, kwaye emva koko ikhusele indima yeempawu eziphambili.

7

Indlela yokushiya ibhendi yokukhusela kwi-periphery yomthetho wokukhusela ibhodi yesekethe
Le ndlela idla ngokuzoba umkhondo ojikeleze ibhodi yesekethe ngaphandle kwe-welding layer. Xa iimeko zivuma, qhagamshela umkhondo kwindlu. Ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umkhondo awukwazi ukwenza i-loop evaliweyo, ukuze ungenzi i-antenna ye-loop kwaye ubangele ingxaki enkulu.

8

Sebenzisa izixhobo ze-CMOS okanye izixhobo ze-TTL ezine-clamping diode zokukhusela isekethe
Le ndlela isebenzisa umgaqo wokuzihlukanisa ukukhusela ibhodi yesiphaluka. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zixhobo zikhuselwe yi-clamping diodes, ubunzima boyilo buncitshisiwe kuyilo lwesekethe lwangempela.

9

Sebenzisa i-decoupling capacitors
Ezi capacitors zokuqhawula kufuneka zibe nexabiso eliphantsi le-ESL kunye ne-ESR. Kwi-ESD ye-low-frequency, i-decoupling capacitors inciphisa indawo ye-loop. Ngenxa yempembelelo ye-ESL yayo, umsebenzi we-electrolyte ubuthathaka, onokuthi ucoce ngcono amandla aphezulu-amaxesha amaninzi. .

Ngamafutshane, nangona i-ESD iyoyikeka kwaye inokuzisa neziphumo ezibi, kodwa kuphela ngokukhusela amandla kunye nemigca yemiqondiso kwisekethe inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo i-ESD yangoku ukuba ingangeni kwiPCB. Phakathi kwabo, umphathi wam wayedla ngokuthi "isiseko esihle sebhodi yinkosi". Ndiyathemba ukuba esi sivakalisi sinokukuzisela isiphumo sokwaphula isibhakabhaka.