1. Ukwenziwa kweendawo zokubeka ngexesha lenkqubo yoyilo lwePCB kubandakanya:
I-Slotting ebangelwa ulwahlulo lwamandla okanye iinqwelomoya zomhlaba; xa kukho unikezelo lwamandla oluninzi olwahlukeneyo okanye amabala kwi-PCB, ngokuqhelekileyo akunakwenzeka ukwaba inqwelomoya epheleleyo kuthungelwano lonikezelo lwamandla kunye nothungelwano lomhlaba. Indlela eqhelekileyo kukuba Okanye wenze ukwahlula amandla okanye ukwahlula komhlaba kwiinqwelomoya ezininzi. Iindawo zokubeka zenziwe phakathi kwezahlulo ezahlukeneyo kwinqwelomoya enye.
Imingxuma edlulayo ixinene kakhulu ukwenza iindawo zokubeka (ngemingxuma ibandakanya iipads kunye ne-vias); xa imingxuma idlula kumaleko omhlaba okanye umaleko wamandla ngaphandle koqhagamshelo lombane kuwo, indawo ethile kufuneka ishiywe ijikeleze imingxunya yokwahlulwa kombane; kodwa xa imingxunya isondelelene kakhulu, amakhonkco e-spacer ayawelana, kuyadala iindawo zokubeka.
2. Impembelelo yokubeka kwintsebenzo ye-EMC yenguqulo ye-PCB
I-Grooving iya kuba nefuthe elithile ekusebenzeni kwe-EMC yebhodi ye-PCB. Le mpembelelo inokuba mibi okanye ibe ntle. Okokuqala kufuneka siqonde ukuhanjiswa kwangoku komhlaba kweempawu zesantya esiphezulu kunye neempawu ezisezantsi. Ngezantya eziphantsi, ikhoyo ngoku ihamba ecaleni kwendlela yokumelana okuphantsi. Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa indlela xa isantya esisezantsi sihamba sisuka kwi-A ukuya ku-B, isignali yayo yokubuyisela ibuya ukusuka kwinqwelo-moya ukuya kumthombo. Ngeli xesha, usasazo lwangoku lwangoku lubanzi.
Ngesantya esiphezulu, umphumo we-inductance kwindlela yokubuyisela umqondiso uya kudlula umphumo wokumelana. Iimpawu zokubuya kwesantya esiphezulu ziya kuhamba ecaleni kwendlela ye-impedance ephantsi. Ngeli xesha, ukuhanjiswa kwangoku kwendawo kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye umqondiso wokubuya ugxininiswe phantsi komgca wesignali kwi-bundle.
Xa kukho iisekethe ezingahambelaniyo kwi-PCB, ukusetyenzwa kwe-"separation yomhlaba" kuyafuneka, oko kukuthi, iinqwelomoya zomhlaba zibekwe ngokwahlukileyo ngokwamandla ombane ahlukeneyo, imiqondiso yedijithali kunye ne-analog, i-speed-speed and low-speed signals, kunye ne-high-current. kunye nemiqondiso ephantsi-yangoku. Ukusuka ekusasazeni umqondiso wesantya esiphezulu kunye nesantya esisezantsi esinikwe ngasentla, kunokuqondwa ngokulula ukuba isiseko esahlukileyo sinokuthintela ukugqithiswa kweempawu zokubuya kwiisekethe ezingahambelaniyo kunye nokuthintela ukudityaniswa kwe-impedance yomgca womhlaba oqhelekileyo.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki imiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu okanye imiqondiso ephantsi, xa imigca yesiginali inqumla kwiindawo zokubeka kwinqwelomoya yamandla okanye kwinqwelo-moya ephantsi komhlaba, iingxaki ezininzi ezinzulu ziya kwenzeka, kuquka:
Ukonyusa indawo yangoku ye-loop kwandisa i-loop inductance, okwenza i-wave waveform ibe lula ukuyijika;
Kwimigca yophawu enesantya esiphezulu efuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwe-impedance kwaye ihanjiswe ngokwemodeli ye-stripline, imodeli ye-stripline iya kutshatyalaliswa ngenxa yokutsitywa kwenqwelomoya ephezulu okanye inqwelomoya esezantsi okanye iinqwelomoya eziphezulu nezisezantsi, okukhokelela ekuphelisweni kokuphazamiseka kunye nokumandundu. uphawu lwemfezeko. iingxaki zesini;
Yandisa ukukhutshwa kwemitha emajukujukwini kwaye isesichengeni sokuphazamiseka kwemagnethi yasemajukujukwini;
I-high-frequency voltage drop kwi-loop inductance yenza umthombo wemitha yendlela eqhelekileyo, kunye nemitha yemo yesiqhelo yenziwa ngeentambo zangaphandle;
Ukwandisa amathuba okuba ne-high-frequency signal crosstalk kunye nezinye iisekethe ebhodini.
Xa kukho iisekethe ezingahambelaniyo kwi-PCB, ukusetyenzwa kwe-"separation yomhlaba" kuyafuneka, oko kukuthi, iinqwelomoya zomhlaba zibekwe ngokwahlukileyo ngokwamandla ombane ahlukeneyo, imiqondiso yedijithali kunye ne-analog, i-speed-speed and low-speed signals, kunye ne-high-current. kunye nemiqondiso ephantsi-yangoku. Ukusuka ekusasazeni umqondiso wesantya esiphezulu kunye nesantya esisezantsi esinikwe ngasentla, kunokuqondwa ngokulula ukuba isiseko esahlukileyo sinokuthintela ukugqithiswa kweempawu zokubuya kwiisekethe ezingahambelaniyo kunye nokuthintela ukudityaniswa kwe-impedance yomgca womhlaba oqhelekileyo.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki imiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu okanye imiqondiso ephantsi, xa imigca yesiginali inqumla kwiindawo zokubeka kwinqwelomoya yamandla okanye kwinqwelo-moya ephantsi komhlaba, iingxaki ezininzi ezinzulu ziya kwenzeka, kuquka:
Ukonyusa indawo yangoku ye-loop kwandisa i-loop inductance, okwenza i-wave waveform ibe lula ukuyijika;
Kwimigca yophawu enesantya esiphezulu efuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwe-impedance kwaye ihanjiswe ngokwemodeli ye-stripline, imodeli ye-stripline iya kutshatyalaliswa ngenxa yokutsitywa kwenqwelomoya ephezulu okanye inqwelomoya esezantsi okanye iinqwelomoya eziphezulu nezisezantsi, okukhokelela ekuphelisweni kokuphazamiseka kunye nokumandundu. uphawu lwemfezeko. iingxaki zesini;
Yandisa ukukhutshwa kwemitha emajukujukwini kwaye isesichengeni sokuphazamiseka kwemagnethi yasemajukujukwini;
I-high-frequency voltage drop kwi-loop inductance yenza umthombo wemitha yendlela eqhelekileyo, kunye nemitha yemo yesiqhelo yenziwa ngeentambo zangaphandle;
Ukwandisa amathuba okuba ne-high-frequency signal crosstalk kunye nezinye iisekethe ebhodini
3. PCB uyilo iindlela slotting
Ukulungiswa kwee-grooves kufuneka kulandele le migaqo ilandelayo:
Kwimigca yemiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu efuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwe-impedance, umkhondo wabo unqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuwela imigca eyahluliweyo ukuphepha ukubangela ukungaqhubeki kwe-impedance kunye nokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu zengqibelelo yomqondiso;
Xa kukho iisekethe ezingahambelaniyo kwi-PCB, ukuhlukana komhlaba kufuneka kuqhutywe, kodwa ukuhlukana komhlaba akufanele kubangele imigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu ukuba inqumle i-wiring eyahlulwe, kwaye uzame ukungabangeli imigca yesignali ephantsi ukuwela i-wiring eyahlulwe;
Xa indlela yokunqumla kwiindawo zokubeka ingenakuthintelwa, kufuneka kwenziwe ibhulorho;
Isidibanisi (sangaphandle) akufanele sibekwe kumgangatho womhlaba. Ukuba kukho umahluko omkhulu onokubakho phakathi kwenqaku A kunye nenqaku B kwinqanaba lomhlaba kumzobo, i-radiation yemowudi eqhelekileyo inokuveliswa ngentambo yangaphandle;
Xa uyila iiPCB zoxinaniso oluphezulu, ngaphandle kokuba kukho iimfuno ezikhethekileyo, kufuneka uqinisekise ngokubanzi ukuba umnatha womhlaba ujikeleze isikhonkwane ngasinye. Unako kwakhona ukulungelelanisa umhlaba womnatha ngokulinganayo xa ulungiselela izikhonkwane zokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwendiza yomhlaba kunye nokuthintela Ukuveliswa kwe-slotting.