I-PCB (iBhodi yeSekethe eprintiweyo), igama lesiTshayina libizwa ngokuba yiBhodi yeSiphaluka eliPrintwelweyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBhodi yeSiphaluka eprintiweyo, licandelo elibalulekileyo le-elektroniki, liqela lenkxaso lezixhobo ze-elektroniki. Kuba iveliswa ngokuprinta nge-elektroniki, ibizwa ngokuba yiBhodi yebhodi "eshicilelweyo".
Ngaphambi kokuba i-PCBS, iesekethe zenziwe nge-wiring ye-point. Ukuthembeka kwale ndlela kuphantsi kakhulu, kuba njengamaxesha esiphaluka, ukugqabhuka komgca kuya kubangela i-node yelayini ukuba iphule okanye imfutshane. Itekhnoloji yomoya i-wire iphambili kwitekhnoloji yesekethe, ephucula ukuqina kunye nokufakwa komgca ngokuqhawula umbane kwi-wire encinci kwindawo yoqhagamshelo.
Njengamashishini e-elektroniki evele kwiityhubhu ze-vacuum kwaye zidluliselwe kwi-Silicon Semicondurs kunye nesekethe ezihlanganisiweyo, ubungakanani kunye nexabiso lezinto ze-elektroniki nazo zinqabile. Iimveliso ze-elektroniki ziya zisebenza kwicandelo labathengi, ukukhuthaza abavelisi ukuba bajonge izisombululo ezincinci nezingaphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, wazalwa i-PCB.
Inkqubo yeMveliso yePCB
Imveliso ye-PCB inzima kakhulu, ithatha iBhodi ye-Wikene ye-Winder emine njengomzekelo we-PCB, iBhodi yeBhodi yePCB, iBhola yePCB ye-PCB, iPCB
1, ubume be-PCB
Inyathelo lokuqala kwimveliso ye-PCB kukucwangcisa kwaye ujonge ubume be-PCB. Ifektri yemveliso ye-PCB ifumana iifayile ze-CAD kwinkampani yoyilo lwePCB, kwaye ekubeni isoftware ye-CAD ineefomathi zefayile eyahlukileyo, umzi-mveliso we-PCB uguqulela kwifomathi engafakwanga-i-gogber ts-i-Gerber X2. Emva koko injineli yomzi-mveliso iya kutshekisha ukuba i-PCB yobeko i-PCB ihambelana nenkqubo yemveliso nokuba kukho nasiphi na isiphene kunye nezinye iingxaki.
I-2, i-conta iplate
Coca ipleyiti yobhedu, ukuba kukho uthuli, unokukhokelela kwisekethe elifutshane lesiphaluka okanye ikhefu.
I-CHBB ye-8-Winder PCB: Yenziwe ngeepleyiti ze-3 zobhedu Ukulandelelana kwemveliso kuqala kwiplate ephakathi ephakathi (4 okanye i-4 okanye i-5 yemigca), kwaye ihlala idityaniswe kunye kwaye emva koko ilungisiwe. Ukuveliswa kwePCB ye-4-Wiker iyafana, kodwa isebenzisa kuphela iBhodi eyi-1 kunye neefilimu zobhedu 2.
I-3, uTshintshelo lwangaphakathi lwePCB
Okokuqala, ezi ndawo zimbini zeBhodi ephambili yeBhodi (Core) zenziwe. Emva kokucocwa, ipleyiti yobhedu igubungele ifilimu yefoto. I-vidiyo iqinisa xa ityhilwe kukukhanya, yenza ifilimu yokukhusela ngaphezulu kwe-foil ye-callper ye-Copper-Clad.
Ifilimu ye-pcb ye-pcb ye-PCB kunye ne-Copper-Winder Plapper Plat ekugqibeleni ifakwe kwifilimu ye-PCB yePCB yokuqinisekisa ukuba imiboniso bhanyabhanya yePCB ifakwe ngokuchanekileyo.
I-devoritizer iphazamisa ifilimu evelelayo kwi-copper foil ngesibane se-UV. Phantsi kwefilimu ebonakalayo, ifilimu enobuthathaka iyaphiliswa, kwaye phantsi kwefilimu ye-Opaque, kusekho ifilimu enomdla. Ifiliji yobhedu igutyungelwe phantsi kwefilimu etyhidiweyo yeFoto ngumgca wePCB ye-PCB, efana nendima yePrinta ye-IK ye-IKB yencwadana ye-IKB.
Emva koko ifilimu engacacanga engacacanga icocwe nge-LYE, kwaye umgca we-foil ofunekayo uya kuhlawulwa yifilimu etyhidiweyo.
I-foil engafunekiyo yobhedu emva koko icinyiwe i-alkali eyomeleleyo, njengoku nakho.
Ifilimu enyathekayo yefovisi yokutyhila ukuba iveze i-foil ye-PCB ifunelwe kwimigca ye-PCB.
I-4, iPlati yePlati yePlati kunye nokuhlolwa
Iplate engundoqo yenziwe ngempumelelo. Emva koko punch umngxunya ohambelana neplate engundoqo ukulungiselela ukulungelelaniswa nezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo
Nje ukuba ibhodi ephambili icinezelwe kunye nezinye iindawo ze-PCB, ayinakuguqulwa, ke ihlole ibaluleke kakhulu. Umatshini uza kuthelekiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nemizobo ye-PCB ukukhangela iimpazamo.
I-5. Lamman
Apha izinto ezintsha ezinguRhwebo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Dumi-Creating Store ifuneka, nto leyo ingenanto phakathi kwebhodi ephambili kunye nebhodi ephambili (i-CCB Inombolo yesi-2), kunye ne-foil ephambili, kwaye idlala indima yokufakelwa.
I-foil esezantsi yobhedu kunye neengqekembe ezimbini zephepha elihlawulelwayo zilungisiwe ngomngxunya wokudibanisa kunye neplate ephantsi kwentsimbi, kwaye ekugqibeleni zenziwe iplate ye-Aluminum ye-Aluminum igutyungelwe kwiplate engundoqo.
Iibhodi ze-PCB ezigutyungelwe ziipleyiti zentsimbi zibekwe kwikratshi, emva koko zathunyelwa kwi-vacuum cinezela. Iqondo lokuphakama eliphakamileyo le-vacuum ishushu inyibiliki i-epoxy ren kwiphepha elihlawulelwayo, ebambe iipleyiti ezichongiweyo kunye ne-foreper foil kunye noxinzelelo.
Emva kokuba isiliphu sigqityiwe, susa ipleyiti ephezulu yensimbi icinezela i-PCB. Emva koko iplate yealuminum yealuminium isusiwe, kwaye i-Aluminium ikwadlala uxanduva lokuzahlula i-PCBS eyahlukeneyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba i-foil yobhedu kwi-PCB yangaphandle igudileyo. Ngeli xesha, omabini amacala e-PCB ekhutshiweyo aya kugutyungelwa ngumaleko we-foil egudileyo yobhedu.
I-6. Ukuqhuba
Ukudibanisa iingqengqelo zine zokungaqhagamshelwa kwi-PCB kunye, i-rill yokuqala ye-right ukuya phezulu kunye nezantsi ukuvula i-PCB, kwaye emva koko iqulunqa udonga lomngxunya ukwenza umbane.
Umatshini wokuqhuba i-X-Ray isetyenziselwa ukufumana iBhodi enguDererion engu-Inneren, kwaye umatshini uza kufumana umngxunya kwibhodi ephambili, emva koko uphose umngxunya we-PCB ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuntywila okulandelayo kungaphakathi kumngxunya womngxunya.
Beka umaleko wephepha le-aluminium kumatshini we-punch kwaye ubeke i-PCB kuyo. Ukwenzela ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, iibhodi ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ezifanayo ziya kubanjiswa kunye nokungafezeki kwenani lee-PCB. Okokugqibela, umaleko weplate ye-aluminium ugutyungelwe kwi-PCB ephezulu, kunye neengqukuva ze-aluminium ze-aluminium ye-Aluminium yeyokuba xa i-Drill incinci kwaye ihamba, i-foil yobhedu ayizukukrazula.
Kwinkqubo yesaphulelo edlulileyo, i-Epoxy enyibilikisiweyo inyibilikisiwe ngaphandle kwe-PCB, ke kufuneka isuswe. Umatshini wokugaya ubume beprofayile unqumle i-PCB ngokweendlela ezichanekileyo ze-XY.
I-7. Ukucaciswa kweekhemikhali zodonga lwe-pore
Ukusukela phantse yonke imizobo ye-PCB isebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa iingcingo ezahlukeneyo ze-wiring, uqhagamshelo oluhle lufuna ifilimu ye-micron yoshicilelo lomculo. Obu buthathaka befilimu yobhedu kufuneka kufezekiswe ngombane, kodwa udonga lomngxunya lwenziwe kwiBhodi ye-Epoxy engekhoyo kunye neBhodi yeFobberglass.
Ke ngoko, inyathelo lokuqala kukuqokelela udonga lwezinto ezisebenzayo kudonga lomngxunya, kwaye wenze ifilimu ye-Micron ye-Micron kwi-PCB yonke indawo, kubandakanya nodonga lomngxunya, ngokubekwa edolophini. Yonke inkqubo, njengokunyangwa kweekhemikhali kunye nokucoca, ilawulwa ngumatshini.
I-PCB elungisiweyo
Coca Pcb
Ukuhambisa i-PCB
I-8, utshintshelwe kwi-PCB
Okulandelayo, ubume be-PCB bangaphandle baya kudluliselwa kwi-fore yobhedu, kwaye inkqubo iyafana ne-PCB ye-PCB ye-PCB ye-PCB ye-PCB, esetyenziselwa ifilimu ye-PCK idluliselwe kwi-PCB yobheduselo lwe-PCB ukuya kwiBhodi efanelekileyo.
Udluliselo lobeko lwePCB lwangaphakathi I-PCB igutyungelwe yifilimu eqinileyo yomgca, ukucoca ifilimu yefoto engacocekanga, i-foil yocwangco ye-PHB ikhutshiwe, umgca we-PCB uKhuselwe yifilimu eqinileyo yefoto kwaye ishiywe.
Udluliselo lwangaphandle lwePCB, kwaye ifilimu elungileyo isetyenziswa njengeBhodi. I-PCB igutyungelwe yifilimu epifitha yeFotoSECons kwingingqi engeyiyo yomgca. Emva kokucoca ifilimu engafunekiyo, i-electroplay yenziwa. Apho kukho ifilimu, ayinakufakwa elektrone, kwaye apho kungekho mboniso bhanyabhanya, ifakwe ngobhedu kwaye emva koko i-tin. Emva kokuba ifilimu isusiwe, i-alkaline etching yenziwa, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-tin isusiwe. Iphethini yomgca ishiywe ebhodini kuba ikhuselwe nge-tin.
Ikhupha i-PCB kunye ne-elektropPick yobhedu. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umngxunya unemingxunya ngokwaneleyo, ifilimu yobhedu i-elektroniki kufuneka ibe nobungqingqwa bee-microns ezingama-25, ke yonke inkqubo iza kulawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo yikhompyuter ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwayo.
I-9, i-PCB i-etching
Inkqubo ye-etching ke igqityiwe ngombhobho ozenzekelayo ozenzekelayo. Okokuqala, ifilimu etyhidiweyo kwibhodi ye-PCB icociwe. Ihlanjwa nge-alkali eyomeleleyo ukususa i-foil engafunekiyo yobhedu igutyungelwe yiyo. Emva koko susa i-tin ukuthuthuzela kwi-PCB ye-PCB yobhedu Emva kokucoca, ubume be-PCB yePCB bugqityiwe.