Yonke i-PCB idinga isiseko esihle: imiyalelo yendibano
Imiba esisiseko ye-PCB ibandakanya imathiriyeli ye-dielectric, ubhedu kunye nobukhulu bomkhondo, kunye neengqimba zoomatshini okanye iileya zobungakanani. Izinto ezisetyenziswa njenge-dielectric zibonelela ngemisebenzi emibini esisiseko yePCB. Xa sisakha ii-PCB ezintsonkothileyo ezikwaziyo ukuphatha imiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu, izixhobo zedielectric zikwahlula imiqondiso efumaneka kumaleko akufuphi ePCB. Ukuzinza kwe-PCB kuxhomekeke kwi-impedance efanayo ye-dielectric kwinqwelomoya yonke kunye ne-impedance efanayo kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaza.
Nangona kubonakala ngathi ubhedu lubonakala njengomqhubi, kukho eminye imisebenzi. Ubunzima obuhlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu bobhedu buya kuchaphazela amandla esekethe ukufezekisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wangoku kwaye uchaze inani lelahleko. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-plane yomhlaba kunye ne-plane yamandla echaphazelekayo, umgangatho wobhedu wobhedu uya kuchaphazela i-impedance ye-plane yomhlaba kunye ne-thermal conductivity yendiza yamandla. Ukuhambelana nobukhulu kunye nobude besibini somqondiso ohlukeneyo kunokudibanisa ukuzinza kunye nokunyaniseka kwesekethe, ngokukodwa kwiimpawu eziphezulu ze-frequency.
Imigca yemilinganiselo yomzimba, amanqaku omlinganiselo, amaphepha edatha, ulwazi lwenotshi, ngolwazi lomngxuma, ulwazi lwesixhobo, kunye nemiyalelo yendibano ayichazi nje kuphela umaleko womatshini okanye umaleko womlinganiselo, kodwa ikwasebenza njengesiseko somlinganiselo wePCB. Ulwazi lwendibano lulawula ukufakwa kunye nendawo yamacandelo e-elektroniki. Ekubeni inkqubo "yendibano yesiphaluka eprintiweyo" idibanisa amacandelo asebenzayo kwi-PCB, inkqubo yendibano idinga ukuba iqela loyilo ligxininise kubudlelwane phakathi kokulawulwa komqondiso, ulawulo lwe-thermal, ukubekwa kwe-pad, imithetho yokuhlanganisa umbane kunye noomatshini, kunye necandelo ukufakela kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zoomatshini.
Lonke uyilo lwePCB lufuna amaxwebhu endibano kwi-IPC-2581. Amanye amaxwebhu abandakanya amatyala ezinto eziphathekayo, idatha yeGerber, idatha yeCAD, i-schematics, imizobo yokuvelisa, amanqaku, imidwebo yendibano, nayiphi na imilinganiselo yokuvavanya, nayiphi na imilinganiselo yomgangatho, kunye nazo zonke iimfuno zokulawula. Ukuchaneka kunye neenkcukacha eziqulethwe kula maxwebhu kunciphisa naliphi na ithuba lempazamo ngexesha lenkqubo yoyilo.
02
Imigaqo ekufuneka ilandelwe: khuphela ngaphandle kunye neeleya zendlela
Abantu abasebenza ngombane abafakela iingcingo endlwini kufuneka balandele imithetho ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingcingo ezo azigobi kabukhali okanye zibe sesichengeni kwizikhonkwane okanye izikrufu ezisetyenziselwa ukufakela idrywall. Ukudlula iingcingo eludongeni lwe-stud kufuna indlela engaguqukiyo yokumisela ubunzulu kunye nobude bendlela yomzila.
Umaleko wogcino kunye nomaleko womzila useka imiqobo efanayo yoyilo lwePCB. Umaleko wogcino uchaza imiqobo ebonakalayo (efana nokubekwa kwelungu okanye ukususwa koomatshini) okanye imiqobo yombane (efana nokugcinwa kweengcingo) yesoftware yoyilo. Umaleko wocingo useka unxibelelwano phakathi kwamacandelo. Kuxhomekeka kwisicelo kunye nodidi lwePCB, iileya zeengcingo zinokubekwa ngaphezulu nasezantsi umaleko okanye iileya zangaphakathi zePCB.
01
Fumana indawo yenqwelomoya ephantsi kunye nenqwelomoya yamandla
Indlu nganye inepaneli yenkonzo yombane engundoqo okanye iziko lomthwalo elinokufumana umbane ongenayo kwiinkampani eziluncedo kwaye iwusasaze kwiisekethe ezinezibane zombane, iisokethi, izixhobo zombane, kunye nezixhobo. Inqwelomoya yomhlaba kunye nenqwelomoya yamandla yePCB ibonelela ngomsebenzi ofanayo ngokumisa isekethe kunye nokusabalalisa ibhodi yombane eyahlukeneyo kumacandelo. Njengephaneli yenkonzo, amandla kunye neenqwelo-moya zomhlaba zinokuqulatha amacandelo amaninzi obhedu avumela ukuba iisekethe kunye nee-subcircuits zixhunywe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokubakho.
02
Khusela ibhodi yesiphaluka, khusela i-wiring
Abapeyinti bezindlu abaziingcali babhala ngononophelo imibala kunye nokugqitywa kweesilingi, iindonga kunye nemihombiso. Kwi-PCB, umaleko woshicilelo lwesikrini usebenzisa okubhaliweyo ukucacisa indawo yamacandelo kumaleko aphezulu nasezantsi. Ukufumana ulwazi ngokuprintwa kwesikrini kunokugcina iqela loyilo ekucaphuleni amaxwebhu endibano.
I-primers, iipeyinti, amabala kunye neevanishi ezisetyenziswa ngabapeyinti bezindlu zingongeza imibala ekhangayo kunye nemibala. Ukongeza, olu nyango lwangaphezulu lunokukhusela umphezulu ukusuka ekuwohlokeni. Ngokufanayo, xa uhlobo oluthile lobutyobo luwela kumkhondo, imaski ebhityileyo yesolder kwi-PCB inokunceda iPCB ithintele umkhondo ukuba ungafinyeleli.