Kwinkalo ye-electronics, i-PCB enemigangatho emininzi (iBhodi yeSekethe eprintiweyo) idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwayo kunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo zombane zanamhlanje. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga kwiimpawu zalo eziphambili, ukuqwalaselwa koyilo, kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa ukwenzela ukubonelela ngombono obanzi. Ngokuyihlalutya, sinokuqonda ngcono ukubaluleka kwayo kubuchwephesha be-elektroniki.
I-1, uyilo lwebhodi ye-PCB ene-multi-layer ayiyonto elula yokupakishwa kweebhodi ezininzi zoluhlu olunye, kodwa luqeqesho lobunjineli oluntsonkothileyo. Kwinqanaba loyilo, into yokuqala ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kubunzima kunye noxinzelelo lwesekethe. Ngokuqhubeka nokuphishekela umsebenzi kwizixhobo zombane zanamhlanje, ubunzima beesekethe buye banda, ngoko ke ukuyila kwayo kufuneka kukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuxinana okuphezulu kunye nemisebenzi emininzi. Ngexesha elifanayo, iimfuno zokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane nazo ziyanda, kwaye ukuyila kwazo kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuzinza kunye nokuthembeka kokuhanjiswa komqondiso.
I-2, inkqubo yokwenziwa kwebhodi ye-PCB eninzi iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo. Kwinqanaba lokuvelisa, iinkqubo ezihambele phambili kunye nobuchwepheshe zibalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-lamination ephezulu, umgangatho wokudibanisa i-interlayer ungaphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokuhanjiswa kwesignali. Ukongezelela, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezinto eziphathekayo luyinto engenakuhoywa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, imimandla eyahlukeneyo yesicelo ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphathekayo, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo ngokwemeko yesicelo esithile kwimveliso.
I-3, ibhodi ye-PCB eninzi inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwintsimi ye-electronics. Okokuqala, idlala indima ephambili kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki eziphezulu, ezifana nezixhobo zonxibelelwano, izixhobo zekhompyutha kunye nokunye. Ubuninzi bayo obuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kuvumela ezi zixhobo ukuba zihlangabezane ngcono neemfuno zokusebenza zabasebenzisi. Okwesibini, kwintsimi ye-automotive electronics, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ze-elektroniki zezithuthi, ezifana nokuhamba, ukuzonwabisa kunye nokunye. Ngenxa yokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye neemfuno zokuqina kwezixhobo zombane zeemoto, iibhodi zePCB ezinomaleko amaninzi ziye zaba yinxalenye eyimfuneko. Ukongeza, iphinde yabonisa iingenelo zayo ezizodwa kwiinkalo zezixhobo zonyango, ulawulo lwamashishini kunye nokunye.
Okokuqala, makhe sigxininise kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweebhodi zePCB ezinomaleko kabini. Imveliso ye-PCB yanamhlanje ihlala isebenzisa ubuchule obuphambili bekhemikhali bokuyila ukwenza iipateni zesekethe ngokugquma ipateni kwisigqubuthelo sobhedu emva koko kusetyenziswa isisombululo sekhemikhali ukugqwesa iindawo ezingafunwayo. Le nkqubo ayifuni kuphela izixhobo ezichanekileyo eziphezulu, kodwa kunye nokulawulwa kwenkqubo engqongqo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuzinza kwebhodi. Kuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwe-PCB yokuvelisa, iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nezixhobo ziqhubeka zivela, zibonelela ngenkxaso eqinile yokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo.
Kwintsimi yesicelo, ibhodi ye-PCB ephindwe kabini isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kuzo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zombane. Ukusuka kubathengi be-elektroniki ukuya kulawulo lwamashishini, ukusuka kwizixhobo zonyango ukuya kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano, idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ukusebenza kombane okuzinzileyo kunye nokuthembeka okulungileyo kwenza ukuba ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeemveliso ze-elektroniki zanamhlanje. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuguquguquka kwayo koyilo kwakhona kunika amathuba amaninzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zemimandla eyahlukeneyo yebhodi.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhubeka ngokutsha kunye nokwahlukahlukana kweemveliso ze-elektroniki, iimfuno zePCB eziphindwe kabini zeebhodi nazo ziyanda. Kwixesha elizayo, sinokujonga phambili ukuba kunokwenzeka uxinaniso oluphezulu kunye neebhodi eziphezulu zePCB ezinomaleko ophindwe kabini ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo zombane. Ukuphumelela okuqhubekayo kweteknoloji yezinto eziphambili kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa kuya kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwayo kwicala lentsebenzo encinci kunye nephezulu, ivula indawo entsha yokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki.
1. Masibe nokuqonda okunzulu kwesakhiwo esithile sebhodi ye-PCB ene-4.
Ibhodi idla ngokuba nemigangatho emibini yomqhubi wangaphakathi kunye nemigangatho emibini ye-substrate yangaphandle. I-conductor layer yangaphakathi inoxanduva lokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo e-elektroniki ukwenza i-circuit, ngelixa i-substrate layer yangaphandle isebenza njengenkxaso kunye ne-insulation. Olu luyilo luvumela iinjineli ze-elektroniki ukuba zilungiselele amacandelo esekethe ngakumbi, ukuphucula ukudityaniswa kunye nokusebenza kwesekethe.
2, i-advanteji yesakhiwo sebhodi ye-PCB ye-4-ibhodi ye-PCB yindlela efanelekileyo yokusebenza yodwa yomqondiso.
Uluhlu lwangaphakathi lwe-conductor luhlukaniswe ngezinto zokufakelwa kombane, ngokufanelekileyo ukwahlula amanqanaba ahlukeneyo omqondiso. Lo msebenzi wokwahlula umqondiso ubalulekile kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki ezintsonkothileyo, ngakumbi kwi-frequency ephezulu kunye nezicelo zoxinaniso oluphezulu.Ngoyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nokwakheka komgangatho wangaphakathi, ibhodi ye-PCB ene-4 inokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komqondiso, ukuphucula ukuzinza kwesekethe, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka izixhobo.
3, 4 umaleko PCB isakhiwo ibhodi uyilo kwakhona inceda ukutshabalalisa ubushushu.
Izixhobo zombane zivelisa ubushushu obuninzi ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye ukutshatyalaliswa kokushisa okusebenzayo kubalulekile ukugcina ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo. Ibhodi ye-PCB ye-4-layer iphinda ikhulise i-channel conductivity ye-thermal ngokunyusa i-conductor yangaphakathi, enceda ukudlulisa kunye nokuchitha ubushushu. Oku kuvumela izixhobo zombane ukuba zigcine ngcono izinga lokushisa elizinzile ngexesha lokusebenza komthwalo ophezulu, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.
Ibhodi ye-PCB ye-4, i-4-layer nayo iqhuba kakuhle ngokubhekiselele kwi-wiring.
Uluhlu lwangaphakathi lwe-conductor luvumela ukucwangciswa kwe-wiring eyinkimbinkimbi kunye ne-compact, ukunciphisa indawo yeenyawo zesekethe. Oku kubalulekile kuyilo lwesixhobo sombane esikhaphukhaphu kunye nesincinci. Ngexesha elifanayo, idizayini ye-wiring eyinkimbinkimbi inika ithuba lokudityaniswa kweemodyuli ezisebenzayo ezahlukeneyo, ukwenzela ukuba isixhobo sombane sigcine ukusebenza okuqinileyo ngelixa sincinci.
Isakhiwo sebhodi ye-PCB ye-4 idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubunjineli be-elektroniki banamhlanje, kwaye uyilo lwayo olukhethekileyo lwesakhiwo lubonelela ngokuguquguquka, ukuzinza kokusebenza kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwizixhobo zombane, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, sinokulindela iibhodi ze-PCB ezine-4 ukuba zibonise uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwiindawo ezininzi, ukuzisa izinto ezintsha kunye nokuphumelela kubunjineli be-elektroniki.
Idityaniswe kunye, ibhodi yePCB enemigangatho emininzi njengenxalenye ephambili kubuchwephesha banamhlanje be-elektroniki, uyilo lwayo kunye nokuveliswa kwayo kubalulekile. Kwinqanaba loyilo lwesekethe, ubunzima kunye nokuxinana kwesekethe kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Kwinqanaba lokuvelisa, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa iinkqubo eziphambili kunye nobuchwepheshe kwaye ukhethe izinto ezifanelekileyo. Uluhlu lwayo olubanzi lwezicelo lubandakanya iinkalo ezininzi ezinjengonxibelelwano, iikhomputha, kunye neemoto, ukubonelela ngesiseko esiqinileyo sokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zombane. Kwixesha elizayo, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lobuchwepheshe be-elektroniki, uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwayo kuya kuqhubeka nokujongana nemingeni emitsha, kodwa kuya kunika indawo ebanzi yokuphuhliswa kwezixhobo zombane.
