Inani lababhali bedijithali kunye neBhodi yeBhodi yeDijithali yeBhodi yeDijithali kwicandelo lobuNjineli zihlala zisanda, ezibonakalisa imeko yophuhliso lomzi mveliso. Nangona ugxininiso kuYilo lweDijithali luzise uphuhliso olukhulu kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki, kwaye kuhlala kukho uyilo lwesekethe i-Intermaging nge-analog okanye indawo yokwenyani. Izicwangciso ze-Wiring kwi-analog neindawo zedijithali zinezinto ezifanayo, kodwa xa ufuna ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono, ngenxa yezicwangciso-qhinga zazo ze-Wiring, uyilo olulula lwesekethe, uyilo olulula lwesekethe alusesona sisombululo sifanelekileyo.

Eli nqaku lixoxa ngezinto ezifanayo kunye nolwahluko phakathi kwe-wirim ye-alog kunye nedijithali ngokweenzululwazi ze-bibses, i-proints, uyilo lomhlaba, iimpazamo ze-electromagnet (i-ENI) ezibangelwa yi-PCB.

Inani lababhali bedijithali kunye neBhodi yeBhodi yeDijithali yeBhodi yeDijithali kwicandelo lobuNjineli zihlala zisanda, ezibonakalisa imeko yophuhliso lomzi mveliso. Nangona ugxininiso kuYilo lweDijithali luzise uphuhliso olukhulu kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki, kwaye kuhlala kukho uyilo lwesekethe i-Intermaging nge-analog okanye indawo yokwenyani. Izicwangciso ze-Wiring kwi-analog neindawo zedijithali zinezinto ezifanayo, kodwa xa ufuna ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono, ngenxa yezicwangciso-qhinga zazo ze-Wiring, uyilo olulula lwesekethe, uyilo olulula lwesekethe alusesona sisombululo sifanelekileyo.

Eli nqaku lixoxa ngezinto ezifanayo kunye nolwahluko phakathi kwe-wirim ye-alog kunye nedijithali ngokweenzululwazi ze-bibses, i-proints, uyilo lomhlaba, iimpazamo ze-electromagnet (i-ENI) ezibangelwa yi-PCB.

Ukongeza i-passpass okanye i-decoupling i-chietitors kwiBhodi yeSekethe kwaye indawo yezi-capacitors kwiBhodi yimbono eqhelekileyo yedijithali kunye ne-analog uyilo. Kodwa umdla, izizathu zahlukile.

Kwindawo yokuyila i-analog wiring, amandla e-Bypass ahlala esetyenziselwa ukudlula imiqondiso engaphelelanga kwimiqondiso. Ukuba amachaphaza e-bypass ayongezwa, le miqondiso iphambili inokufaka iitshiphu ze-analog ebuthathaka ngokusebenzisa iminqwanqwa yamandla. Ngokubanzi, imvana emiqondiso ehamba rhoqo-right idlula ubuchule bezixhobo ze-analog ukwenza imiqondiso engaphakathi. Ukuba i-Bypass Capacitor ayisetyenziswanga kwisekethe ye-Alog, ingxolo inokwaziswa kwiNdlela yomqondiso, kwaye kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu, inokubangela ukuntywila.

Kwi-Analog kunye noyilo lwePCB yedijithali, ukudlula okanye ukucocwa kwe-Decoupiting (0.1uf) kufuneka ibekwe kufutshane necebo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. I-Dound Sunch Reupeling Capacitor (10uf) kufuneka ibekwe kumnyango wecandelo leBhodi yeSiphaluka. Kuzo zonke iimeko, izikhonkwane zalawo amandla kufuneka zimfutshane.

Kwibhodi yesekethe kumzobo 2, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza amandla kunye neengcingo zomhlaba. Ngenxa yentsebenziswano engafanelekanga, amacandelo e-elektroniki kunye nemijikelezo ye-elektroniki kwiBhodi yeSiphaluka aya kuba phantsi kokuphazamiseka kwe-elektromagnetic.

Kwipaneli enye yomzobo 3, amandla kunye neengcingo zengcinezelo kumacandelo kwiBhodi yeSiphaluka zisondele kwenye. Umyinge ohambelana nomgca wamandla kunye nomgca weli bomhlaba kule bhodi ifanelekile njengoko kubonisiwe kwiBhodi ye-elektroniki (i-EMI) incitshisiwe ngamaxesha angama-679/128 okanye malunga namaxesha angama-54.
　　
Kwizixhobo zedijithali ezinjengokulawula kunye neeprosesa, i-Accoveling ye-decoupitsing nayo iyafuneka, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Umsebenzi omnye wale misebenzi ye-capacitors isebenza njenge "ezincinci" zebhanki.

Kwisekethe zedijithali, isixa esikhulu sexesha sihlala sifuneka ukwenza utshintsho lwesango. Ukususela ngoko ukutshintshela kwimigca yethutyana yenziwa kwi-chip ngexesha lokutshintsha kunye nokuhamba kwiBhodi yeSekethe, kuyingenelo yokuba nemiqobo eyongeziweyo "yokuphumla". Ukuba akukho ntlawulo yaneleyo xa usenza isenzo sokutshintsha, i-voltage yokuhambisa amandla iya kutshintsha kakhulu. Utshintsho oluninzi lwe-voltage luya kubangela ukuba inqanaba lesibonisi ledijithali lingenise imeko engaqinisekanga, kwaye inokubangela umatshini wombuso kwisixhobo sedijithali ukuba sisebenze ngokungachanekanga.

Ukutshintshela ukuqukuqela okwangoku kweBhodi yeBhodi yeBhodi kuya kubangela ukuba i-voltage itshintshe, kwaye umkhondo webhodi yesekethe unesifo separasitic. Ifomula elandelayo ingasetyenziselwa ukubala utshintsho lwe-voltage: v = ldi / dt. Phakathi kwawo: v = v = Utshintsho lwevoltage, l = iBhodi yeBhodi yeKhowudi ye-Trace, Di = utshintsho lwangoku ngokulandela umkhondo, i-DT = ixesha langoku.
　　
Ke ngoko, ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, kungcono ukufaka isicelo se-Bypass (okanye ukucofa) amandla okwenza amandla okanye kwimiba yombane wezixhobo ezisebenzayo.

Intambo yamandla kunye ne-cire yomhlaba kufuneka idityaniswe kunye

Isikhundla sentambo yamandla kunye ne-wire yomhlaba ihambelana nokunciphisa ithuba lokuphazamiseka kwe-elektromagnetic. Ukuba umgca wombane kunye nomgca womhlaba awuhambelani ngokufanelekileyo, ilogo yenkqubo iya kuyilwa kwaye ingxolo iya kuveliswa.

Umzekelo woyilo lwe-PCB apho umgca wamandla kunye nomgca womhlaba awuhambelani kakuhle uboniswe kumzobo 2. Kule Bhodi yeSiphaluka, indawo yeLop eyilelweyo yi-697cm². Ukusebenzisa indlela eboniswe kumzobo 3, ukubakho kwengxolo edakumbileyo kwi-volthi yokukhupha i-voltage kwi-loop kunokuncitshiswa kakhulu.

Umahluko phakathi kweendlela ze-analog kunye nedijithali

Indiza ephantsi yingxaki

Ulwazi olusisiseko lwe-wiring yebhodi yesekethe isebenza kuzo zombini iisekethe ze-alog kunye nedijithali. Umgaqo osisiseko wesithupha kukusebenzisa indiza engaphazanyiswa. Le meko iqhelekileyo inciphisa i-di / dt (yotshintsho kwixesha le-digital, etshintsha amandla kwaye ibangela ingxolo yokungena kwisekethe i-alog.

Iindlela ze-Wiring zesekethe zedijithali kunye ne-analog zilingana ngokusisiseko, ngaphandle. Kwisekethe ze-Alog, kukho enye ingongoma yokuqaphela, oko kukuthi, gcina imigca yomqondiso wedijithali kunye nee-lops kwindiza ye-analog kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokudibanisa isiphatho se-Analog se-ANAG SAND kwinkqubo yomhlaso wenkqubo, okanye ukubeka isekethe ye-analog ukuya kuthi ga kwiBhodi yeSiphalo, esikupheleni komgca. Oku kwenziwa ukugcina uphazamiseko lwangaphandle kwiNdlela yomqondiso ukuya kubuncinci.

Akukho sidingo sokwenza oku kwimijikelezi yedijithali, enokuvumela ingxolo enkulu kwindiza ephantsi ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Umzobo 4 (ngasekhohlo) uhambela phambili isenzo sokutshintsha kwedijithali kwisekethe ye-AALOG kwaye wahlula iinxalenye zedijithali kunye ne-analog yesekethe. .

Umzobo o-5 wokuhamba ngeenyawo ezimbini kwi-PCB, kulula ukwenza i-parasitic candlation. Ngenxa yobukho bolu hlobo lwe-canitiitity, utshintsho lwe-voltage ngokukhawuleza lunokuvelisa uphawu lwangoku kwelinye icala.

Umzobo 6 Ukuba awukwazi ukunikela ingqalelo ekubekweni komkhondo, umkhondo kwi-PCB unokuvelisa intambo ekubambeni umgca kunye nokukhuphela kumntanzo. Olu hlaselo lwe-parasicic luyingozi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezisekethe zibandakanya iseketheni yedijithali.

Indawo yendawo

Njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, kwi-PCB nganye ye-PCB, inxalenye yengxolo yesekethe kunye "nenxalenye" ​​yenxalenye "yengxoxo) kufuneka yahlulwe. Ngokubanzi iziphaluka zedijithali "zizityebi" kwingxolo kwaye zingakhathali kwingxolo (kuba iisekethe zedijithali zinengxaki enkulu ye-voltage); Ngokuchasene noko, ukunyamezelana kwengxolo ye-voltage yeesekethe ze-analog kuncinana kakhulu.

Kwisekethe ezimbini, i-analog yeyona nto inomdla kakhulu ekutshintsheni ingxolo. Kwi-wiring yenkqubo yomqondiso oxubeneyo, ezi ziphaluka zibini kufuneka zahlukaniswe, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 4.
　　
Izinto ze-▍parasitic eziveliswe nguYilo lwe-PCB

Izinto ezimbini ezisisiseko ezisisiseko ezinokubangela iingxaki zisenziwa ngokulula kwi-PCB uyila

Xa uyila ibhodi yesekethe, ebeka umkhondo emibini kufutshane nomnye oya kuvelisa amandla e-parasicic. Ungayenza le nto: Kwizingqimba ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, beka omnye umkhondo ngaphezulu kwelinye icala; Okanye kwi-suder enye, beka umkhondo omnye ecaleni kwelinye icala, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 5.
　　
Kwezi zinto zimbini zokulungelelanisa, iinguqu kwi-voltage ngokuhamba kwexesha (i-DV / DT) kwelinye icala kunokubangela okwangoku kwelinye icala. Ukuba elinye icala lifinyeziwe kakhulu, iveliswe yicandelo lombane iya kuguqulwa ibe yi-voltage.
　　
Izakhiwo ezikhawulezayo ze-Voltage zihlala zenzeka kwicala ledijithali yomqondiso we-Analog umqondiso. Ukuba umkhondo onee-voltage ezikhawulezayo zikufuphi nokulandela umkhondo we-analog ephezulu, le mpazamo iya kuchaphazela kakubi ukuchaneka kwesekelo ye-analog. Kule meko, i-analog isekethe ineengxaki ezimbini: Ukunyamezelana kwengxolo kungaphantsi kakhulu kuneso seziphaluka zedijithali; Kwaye indlela ephezulu yokufumana impinda ixhaphake ngakumbi.
　　
Sebenzisa enye yezi ndlela zimbini zilandelayo unokunciphisa le nto. Eyona ndlela isetyenziswayo isetyenziswayo kukutshintsha ubungakanani phakathi kokulandelwa ngokwendlela yokuxhoma. Elona nani lisebenzayo ukutshintsha ngumgama phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini. Kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umahluko d ukwi-onomineyitha ye-equitiotion. Ukunyuka, ukwenziwa kwetyala lokuphendula kuya kuncipha. Olunye oguquguqukayo olunokutshintshwa bubude bendawo ezimbini. Kule meko, ubude lukukwehla, kwaye i-reascy yetyala phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini ziya kuncipha.
　　
Olunye ubuchule kukubeka i-wire yomhlaba phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini. Ucingo olusezantsi lubekwe ephantsi, kwaye ukongeza enye umkhondo njengoko oku kuya kusenza buthathaka intsimi yombane ophalayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 5.
　　
Umgaqo wokukhuphela i-parasitic kwiBhodi yeSekethe iyafana neyakhono separasicic. Ikwanokubeka umkhondo emibini. Kwizingqengqelo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, beka omnye umkhondo ngaphezulu kwelinye icala; Okanye kwi-suder enye, beka umkhondo omnye ecaleni kwelinye, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 6.

Kwezi zinto zimbini zobuqili, utshintsho lwangoku (di / dt) lomkhondo wexesha, ngenxa yokukhuphela lo mkhondo, uya kuvelisa i-voltage kwicala elinye; Kwaye ngenxa yobukho boMdibaniso wesiko, kuya kubakho indawo efanelekileyo yangoku kwelinye icala. Ukuba utshintsho lomoya kumkhondo wokuqala lukhulu, ukuphazamiseka kunokunciphisa ukunganyamezeli i-voltage yesekethe yedijithali kwaye ibangele iimpazamo. Le phethonon ayikho kuphela kwimijikelezi yedijithali, kodwa le nto ixhaphake kakhulu kwiisekethe zedijithali ngenxa yemijelo enkulu yokutshintsha itshintshelo kwi-digitar iseket.
　　
Ukuphelisa ingxolo enokubakho evela kwimithombo yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, kungcono ukwahlula "imigca ethe cwaka" ukusuka kwi-Noisy i / o Parts. Ukuzama ukufezekisa amandla okufumana umhlaba kunye nenethiwekhi ye-nimbo zedijithali yedijithali kufuneka incitshiswe, kwaye ukudityaniswa kwamandla e-analog incitshisiwe.
　　
03

Ukuqukumbela

Emva kokuba i-digital kunye ne-analog igqitywe, inzala inomdla ibalulekile kwi-PCB ephumeleleyo. Isicwangciso esiliqili sihlala saziswa kuye wonke umntu njengomgaqo wesithupha, kuba kunzima ukuvavanya impumelelo yokugqibela yemveliso kwindawo yelebhu. Ke ngoko, ngaphandle kwezinto ezifanayo kwizicwangciso ze-wiring zesekethe zedijithali kunye ne-alog, umahluko kwiindlela zabo ze-windows kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwaye zithathwe nzulu.