Sonke siyazi ukuba ukwenza ibhodi PCB kukujika schematic eyilwe kwibhodi PCB yokwenene. Nceda ungayijongeli phantsi le nkqubo. Zininzi izinto ezinokwenzeka ngokwemigaqo kodwa kunzima ukuziphumeza kwiprojekthi, okanye abanye banokufezekisa izinto abanye abantu abangakwaziyo ukufikelela kuzo kwiMood.
Obu bunzima bumbini kwintsimi ye-microelectronics kukusetyenzwa kwemiqondiso ephezulu ye-frequency kunye neempawu ezibuthathaka. Kule meko, inqanaba lemveliso yePCB libaluleke kakhulu. Uyilo lomgaqo ofanayo, amacandelo afanayo, abantu abahlukeneyo baveliswa kwi-PCB baya kuba neziphumo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke ukwenza njani ibhodi ye-PCB elungileyo?
1.Beka ngokucacileyo malunga neenjongo zakho zoyilo
Emva kokufumana umsebenzi woyilo, into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukucacisa iinjongo zayo zokuyila, eziziibhodi zePCB eziqhelekileyo, ibhodi yePCB ephezulu, ibhodi yePCB encinci yokwenziwa komqondiso okanye zombini ibhodi ephezulu kunye nebhodi yePCB yokusetyenzwa kancinci. Ukuba ibhodi yePCB eqhelekileyo, nje ukuba ubeko lufanelekile kwaye lucocekile, ubungakanani bomatshini buchanekile, njengomgca womthwalo ophakathi kunye nomgca omde, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa iindlela ezithile zokucubungula, ukunciphisa umthwalo, umgca omde ukuya. ukuqinisa i-drive, ugxininiso kukuthintela ukubonakaliswa komgca omde. Xa kukho imigca yesignali engaphezu kwe-40MHz ebhodini, ingqwalasela eyodwa kufuneka yenziwe kule migca yemiqondiso, efana nentetho enqamlezileyo phakathi kwemigca kunye neminye imiba. Ukuba i-frequency iphezulu, kuya kuba nomda ongqongqo ngakumbi kubude be-wiring. Ngokutsho kwethiyori yenethiwekhi yeeparamitha ezisasazwayo, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwesekethe yesantya esiphezulu kunye neengcingo zayo yinto ecacileyo, engenakunakwa ekuyilweni kwenkqubo. Ngokunyuka kwesantya sokuhanjiswa kwesango, inkcaso kumgca wesignali iya kwanda ngokuhambelanayo, kwaye i-crosstalk phakathi kwemigca yesignali esondeleyo iya kunyuka ngokulinganayo ngokuthe ngqo. Ngesiqhelo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuchithwa kobushushu kwiisekethe ezinesantya esiphezulu nazo zinkulu, ngoko ke ingqwalasela eyaneleyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-PCB enesantya esiphezulu.
Xa kukho umqondiso obuthathaka wezinga le-millivolt okanye kwinqanaba le-microvolt ebhodini, ukunakekelwa okukhethekileyo kuyadingeka kule migca yesignali. Iimpawu ezincinci zibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye zisengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka kwezinye iimpawu ezinamandla. Amanyathelo okukhusela ahlala eyimfuneko, ngaphandle koko i-signal-to-noise ratio iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Ukuze iimpawu eziluncedo zirhaxwe yingxolo kwaye azikwazi ukutsalwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukugunyaziswa kwebhodi kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwisigaba soyilo, indawo ebonakalayo yendawo yovavanyo, ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo yovavanyo kunye nezinye izinto azinakungahoywa, kuba ezinye izibonakaliso ezincinci kunye neempawu eziphezulu zefrikhwensi ayinakongezwa ngokuthe ngqo. uphononongo lokulinganisa.
Ukongeza, ezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, njengenani lamaleko ebhodi, imilo yokupakishwa yamacandelo asetyenzisiweyo, amandla omatshini ebhodi, njl.njl. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze ibhodi yePCB, ukwenza uyilo loyilo. injongo engqondweni.
2.Yazi ubume kunye neemfuno zocingo zemisebenzi yamacandelo asetyenzisiweyo
Njengoko sisazi, amanye amacandelo akhethekileyo aneemfuno ezizodwa kwi-layout kunye ne-wiring, njenge-LOTI kunye ne-amplifier yesignali ye-analog esetyenziswa yi-APH. I-amplifier yesignali ye-analog idinga unikezelo lwamandla oluzinzileyo kunye ne-ripple encinci. Inxalenye yesignali encinci ye-analog kufuneka ibe kude nesixhobo samandla kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwibhodi ye-OTI, indawo encinci yokukhulisa umqondiso ikwaxhotyiswe ngokukodwa ngekhaka ukukhusela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic elahlekileyo. I-chip ye-GLINK esetyenziswe kwibhodi ye-NTOI isebenzisa inkqubo ye-ECL, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kukhulu kwaye ubushushu bunzima. Ingxaki yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwi-layout. Ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bendalo kusetyenziswa, i-chip ye-GLINK kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo apho ukujikeleza komoya kuhamba kakuhle, kwaye ukushisa okukhutshiweyo akunakuba nempembelelo enkulu kwezinye iichips. Ukuba ibhodi ixhotyiswe ngophondo okanye ezinye izixhobo eziphezulu zamandla, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukungcola okunzulu kumandla ombane le ngongoma kufuneka ibangele ingqwalasela eyaneleyo.
3.Iingqwalasela zoyilo lwecandelo
Enye yezinto zokuqala ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwi-layout yamacandelo kukusebenza kombane. Beka amacandelo ngoqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo kunye kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngokukodwa kweminye imigca yesantya esiphezulu, i-layout kufuneka iyenze ibe mfutshane ngokusemandleni, kwaye isignali yamandla kunye nezixhobo ezincinci zeempawu kufuneka zihlulwe. Kwisiseko sokuhlangana nokusebenza kwesekethe, amacandelo kufuneka abekwe ngokucocekileyo, amahle, kwaye kube lula ukuvavanya. Ubungakanani bomatshini bebhodi kunye nendawo yesokhethi kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwe nzulu.
Ixesha lokulibaziseka kokuhanjiswa komhlaba kunye noqhagamshelo kwinkqubo yesantya esiphezulu ikwayinto yokuqala ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kuyilo lwenkqubo. Ixesha lokuhambisa kumgca wesignali linempembelelo enkulu kwisantya senkqubo yonke, ngakumbi kwi-high-speed ECL circuit. Nangona ibhloko yesekethe edibeneyo ngokwayo inesantya esiphezulu, isantya senkqubo sinokuncitshiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokunyuka kwexesha lokulibaziseka okulethwa yi-interconnect eqhelekileyo kwi-plate ephantsi (malunga ne-2ns ukulibaziseka kwi-30cm ubude bomgca). Njengerejista yeshifti, ikhawunta yongqamaniso olu hlobo lwenxalenye yokusebenza yongqamaniso ibekwe kakuhle kwibhodi enye yeplagi, kuba ixesha lokulibaziseka kokudluliselwa kwewotshi kwiibhodi ezahlukeneyo zeplagi alilingani, linokwenza irejista yokutshintsha ukuvelisa. imposiso engundoqo, ukuba ayinakubekwa ebhodini, kungqamaniso yindawo engundoqo, ukusuka kumthombo wewotshi eqhelekileyo ukuya kwiplagi-kwibhodi yobude bomgca wewotshi kufuneka ilingane.
4.Iingqwalasela zocingo
Ngokugqitywa kwe-OTNI kunye ne-fiber network design star, kuya kubakho ngaphezulu kwe-100MHz + iibhodi ezinemigca yomqondiso wesantya esiphezulu eziza kuyilwa kwixesha elizayo.
