Ingqiqo kunye neendlela zokuhlola i-PCB: jonga, mamela, ivumba, bamba…

1. Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukusebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo ezisezantsi ukuze uchukumise iTV ephilayo, iaudio, ividiyo kunye nezinye izixhobo zeplate engezantsi ukuvavanya ibhodi yePCB ngaphandle kwe-transformer yodwa.

Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuvavanya ngokuthe ngqo iTV, iaudio, ividiyo kunye nezinye izixhobo ngaphandle kwe-transformer yokwahlula amandla enezixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezinamaqokobhe asezantsi.Nangona unomathotholo jikelele kunye nerekhoda yekhasethi inomguquli wamandla, xa udibana neTV ekhethekileyo okanye izixhobo ezivakalayo, ngakumbi amandla aphumayo okanye uhlobo lombane olusetyenziswayo, kufuneka uqale ufumanise ukuba i-chassis yomatshini ihlawulwe, kungenjalo kulula kakhulu I-TV, i-audio kunye nezinye izixhobo ezihlawuliswa ipleyiti ephantsi ibangela isiphaluka esifutshane sonikezelo lwamandla, oluchaphazela isekethe edibeneyo, ebangela ukwandiswa okungakumbi kwesiphoso.

2. Nika ingqalelo ekusebenzeni kwe-insulation yentsimbi ye-soldering xa uvavanya ibhodi ye-PCB

Akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa intsimbi yokuxubha ukudibanisa ngamandla.Qinisekisa ukuba i-iron ye-soldering ayihlawuliswa.Kungcono ukuguba iqokobhe lentsimbi yokuthambisa.Qaphela ngakumbi ngesekethe ye-MOS.Kukhuselekile ukusebenzisa intsimbi ephantsi ye-solder ye-voltage ye-6 ~ 8V.

3. Yazi umgaqo osebenzayo weesekethe ezidibeneyo kunye neesekethe ezinxulumeneyo phambi kokuvavanya iibhodi zePCB

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlole kwaye ulungise isekethe edibeneyo, kufuneka uqale uqhelane nomsebenzi wesekethe edibeneyo esetyenzisiweyo, isekethe yangaphakathi, iiparamitha eziphambili zombane, indima yephini nganye, kunye nombane oqhelekileyo wephini, i-waveform kunye nokusebenza. umgaqo wesekethe eyenziwe ngamacandelo eperipheral.Ukuba le miqathango ingentla idibene, ukuhlalutya kunye nokuhlolwa kuya kuba lula kakhulu.

4. Musa ukwenza iisekethe ezimfutshane phakathi kwezikhonkwane xa uvavanya i-PCB

Xa ulinganisa i-voltage okanye uvavanya i-waveform nge-oscilloscope probe, musa ukubangela isekethe emfutshane phakathi kwezikhonkwane zesekethe edibeneyo ngenxa yokutyibilika kovavanyo okanye iiprobes.Kungcono ukulinganisa kwi-peripheral eprintiweyo yesekethe eqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwizikhonkwane.Nayiphi na isiphaluka esifutshane somzuzwana singonakalisa ngokulula isekethe edibeneyo, ke lumka ngakumbi xa uvavanya isekethe edibeneyo yeCMOS.

5. Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwesixhobo sokuvavanya ibhodi yePCB kufuneka kube kukhulu

Xa ulinganisa umbane we-DC wezikhonkwane ze-IC, i-multimeter kunye nokuchasana kwangaphakathi kwentloko yemitha enkulu kune-20KΩ / V kufuneka isetyenziswe, ngaphandle koko kuya kubakho impazamo enkulu yokulinganisa umbane wezinye izikhonkwane.

6. Nika ingqalelo ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu beesekethe ezidibeneyo zamandla xa uvavanya iibhodi zePCB

Isiphaluka esihlanganisiweyo samandla kufuneka sichithe ukushisa kakuhle, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukusebenza phantsi kwamandla aphezulu ngaphandle kwesitya sokushisa.

7. Ucingo olukhokelayo lwebhodi yePCB kufuneka lube nengqiqo

Ukuba ufuna ukongeza amacandelo angaphandle ukubuyisela indawo eyonakalisiweyo yesekethe edibeneyo, amacandelo amancinci kufuneka asetyenziswe, kwaye i-wiring kufuneka ibe nengqiqo ukuphepha ukudibanisa okungafunekiyo kwe-parasitic, ngokukodwa ukusekwa phakathi kwesekethe edibeneyo yomsindo weamplifier kunye ne-preamplifier circuit isiphelo. .

8. Khangela ibhodi PCB ukuqinisekisa umgangatho welding

Xa i-soldering, i-solder iqinile, kwaye ukuqokelela kwe-solder kunye nama-pores kunokubangela ukuba i-solder yobuxoki ibe lula.Ixesha le-soldering ngokuqhelekileyo alikho ngaphezu kwemizuzwana ye-3, kwaye amandla entsimbi ye-solder kufuneka ibe malunga ne-25W ngokufudumeza kwangaphakathi.Isekethe edibeneyo ethe yathengiswa kufuneka ihlolwe ngokucophelela.Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-ohmmeter ukulinganisa ukuba kukho isiphaluka esifutshane phakathi kwezikhonkwane, qinisekisa ukuba akukho ukunamathela kwi-solder, uze uvule amandla.
9. Musa ukumisela lula umonakalo wesekethe edibeneyo xa uvavanya ibhodi yePCB

Musa ukugweba ukuba isiphaluka esidibeneyo sonakaliswe ngokulula.Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweesekethe ezidityanisiweyo zidityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo, xa isekethe ingaqhelekanga, inokubangela utshintsho lombane oluninzi, kwaye olu tshintsho alubangelwanga ngumonakalo wesekethe edibeneyo.Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, i-voltage elinganisiweyo yephini nganye yahlukile kwisiqhelo Xa amaxabiso ehambelana okanye esondele, akusoloko kuthetha ukuba isekethe edibeneyo ilungile.Ngenxa yokuba ezinye iimpazamo ezithambileyo aziyi kubangela utshintsho kumbane we-DC.

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PCB ibhodi debugging indlela

Kuba ibhodi entsha PCB esanda kuthatyathelwa emva, kufuneka kuqala ngokurhabaxa siqwalasele ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ebhodini, ezifana nokuba kukho iintanda ezicacileyo, iisekethe ezimfutshane, iisekethe ezivulekileyo, njl. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, khangela ukuba ukuchasana phakathi unikezelo lwamandla kunye nomhlaba mkhulu ngokwaneleyo.

Kwibhodi yesekethe esandula ukuyilwa, ukulungisa ingxaki kaninzi kudibana nobunzima, ngakumbi xa ibhodi inkulu kwaye kukho izinto ezininzi, ngokuqhelekileyo akunakwenzeka ukuqala.Kodwa ukuba uyazi kakuhle iseti yeendlela zokulungisa iimpazamo, ukulungisa ingxaki kuya kufumana isiphumo esiphindiweyo ngesiqingatha somzamo.

Amanyathelo okulungisa ibhodi yePCB:

1. Kwibhodi entsha yePCB esanda kuthathwa emva, kufuneka siqale sijonge ukuba ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ebhodini, njengokuba kukho iintanda ezicacileyo, iisekethe ezimfutshane, iisekethe ezivulekileyo, njl njl. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokujonga. nokuba ukuchasana phakathi kokunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nomhlaba kukhulu ngokwaneleyo.

2. Emva koko amacandelo afakwe.Iimodyuli ezizimeleyo, ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kungcono ukuba ungazifaki zonke, kodwa faka inxalenye ngenxalenye (kwiisekethe ezincinci, unokuzifaka zonke ngaxeshanye), ukuze kube lula ukucacisa. uluhlu lweempazamo.Xa udibana neengxaki, awukwazi ukuqalisa.

Ngokubanzi, unokufakela unikezelo lwamandla kuqala, kwaye emva koko ukhanyise ukuze ujonge ukuba umbane ophumayo wobonelelo lwamandla uqhelekile.Ukuba awunakuzithemba kakhulu xa unika amandla (nokuba uqinisekile, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wongeze i-fuse, nje ukuba kunokwenzeka), cinga ukusebenzisa unikezelo lwamandla oluhlengahlengisiweyo kunye nomsebenzi wangoku wokunciphisa.

Cwangcisa kwangaphambili ukhuseleko lwangoku lwangoku kuqala, emva koko unyuse kancinci ixabiso le-voltage yonikezelo lwamandla olulawulwayo, kwaye ubeke iliso kwigalelo langoku, igalelo lombane kunye nombane wokuphuma.Ukuba akukho ukhuseleko olugqithisiweyo kunye nezinye iingxaki ngexesha lokulungiswa okuphezulu, kwaye i-voltage ephumayo ifikelele kwisiqhelo, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kulungile.Ngaphandle koko, qhawula unikezelo lwamandla, fumana indawo yempazamo, kwaye uphinde la manyathelo angasentla de unikezelo lwamandla luqhelekile.

3. Okulandelayo, fakela ezinye iimodyuli ngokuthe ngcembe.Ngalo lonke ixesha imodyuli ifakiwe, vula kwaye uyivavanye.Xa ulayita amandla, landela la manyathelo angasentla ukunqanda ngaphezulu-yangoku okubangelwa yimpazamo yoyilo kunye/okanye iimpazamo zofakelo kunye nokutshisa amacandelo.