01
Uyilo lwamandla olunxulumene
Iisekethe zeDijithali zihlala zifuna imisinga engaqhubekiyo, ngoko ke imisinga ye-inrush yenzelwe ezinye izixhobo ezinesantya esiphezulu.
Ukuba umkhondo wamandla ude kakhulu, ubukho be-inrush current buya kubangela ingxolo ephezulu-frequency, kwaye le ngxolo ephezulu-frequency iya kwaziswa kwezinye iimpawu.Kwiisekethe ezinesantya esiphezulu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho i-parasitic inductance, ukumelana ne-parasitic kunye ne-parasitic capacitance, ngoko ke ingxolo ephezulu-frequency ekugqibeleni iya kudityaniswa kwezinye iisekethe, kwaye ubukho be-parasitic inductance buya kukhokelela ekubeni nako komkhondo ukumelana. ubuninzi bokunyuka kwangoku Ukunciphisa, okukhokelela ekuhlahleni kwe-voltage inxalenye, enokuthi ikhubaze isiphaluka.
Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukongeza i-bypass capacitor phambi kwesixhobo sedijithali.I-capacitance enkulu, amandla okuhambisa anqunyelwe yizinga lokudluliselwa, ngoko ke i-capacitance enkulu kunye ne-capacitance encinci idityaniswe ngokubanzi ukuhlangabezana noluhlu olupheleleyo.
Ziphephe iindawo ezishushu: i-signal vias iya kuvelisa i-voids kumaleko wamandla kunye nomaleko ongezantsi.Ke ngoko, ukubekwa ngokungekho ngqiqweni kwe-vias kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwandise ukuxinana kwangoku kwiindawo ezithile zobonelelo lwamandla okanye inqwelomoya ephantsi komhlaba.Ezi ndawo apho ukuxinana kwangoku kwanda kubizwa ngokuba ziindawo ezishushu.
Ke ngoko, kufuneka sizame konke okusemandleni ethu ukuphepha le meko xa siseta i-vias, ukuze sithintele inqwelomoya ukuba ingahluli, nto leyo eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ikhokelele kwiingxaki ze-EMC.
Ngokuqhelekileyo eyona ndlela ingcono yokuphepha iindawo ezishushu kukubeka i-vias kwipatheni ye-mesh, ukwenzela ukuba ubuninzi bangoku bufanane, kwaye iinqwelomoya aziyi kuhlukaniswa ngaxeshanye, indlela yokubuya ayiyi kuba yinde kakhulu, kwaye iingxaki ze-EMC ziza ayinakwenzeka.
02
Indlela yokugoba yomkhondo
Xa ubeka imigca yophawu olunesantya esiphezulu, kuphephe ukugoba imigca yophawu kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Ukuba kufuneka ugobe umkhondo, ungayilandeli kwi-engile ebukhali okanye ekunene, kodwa sebenzisa i-engile obtuse.
Xa ubeka imigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu, sihlala sisebenzisa imigca yenyoka ukuze sifezekise ubude obulinganayo.Umgca ofanayo wenyoka ngokwenene luhlobo lokugoba.Ububanzi bomgca, isithuba, kunye nendlela yokugoba kufuneka zonke zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye isithuba kufuneka sihlangabezane nomgaqo we-4W / 1.5W.
03
Ukusondela komqondiso
Ukuba umgama phakathi kwemigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu usondele kakhulu, kulula ukuvelisa crosstalk.Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yokwakheka, ubungakanani besakhelo sebhodi kunye nezinye izizathu, umgama phakathi kwemigca yethu yomqondiso wesantya esiphezulu udlula umgama wethu omncinci ofunekayo, ngoko sinokunyusa kuphela umgama phakathi kwemigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufuphi ne-bottleneck.umgama.
Enyanisweni, ukuba isithuba sanele, zama ukunyusa umgama phakathi kwemigca yemiqondiso emibini yesantya esiphezulu.
03
Ukusondela komqondiso
Ukuba umgama phakathi kwemigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu usondele kakhulu, kulula ukuvelisa crosstalk.Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yokwakheka, ubungakanani besakhelo sebhodi kunye nezinye izizathu, umgama phakathi kwemigca yethu yomqondiso wesantya esiphezulu udlula umgama wethu omncinci ofunekayo, ngoko sinokunyusa kuphela umgama phakathi kwemigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufuphi ne-bottleneck.umgama.
Enyanisweni, ukuba isithuba sanele, zama ukunyusa umgama phakathi kwemigca yemiqondiso emibini yesantya esiphezulu.
05
I-impedance ayiqhubeki
Ixabiso lokuthintela lomkhondo ngokubanzi lixhomekeke kububanzi bomgca kunye nomgama phakathi komkhondo kunye nenqwelomoya yereferensi.Okukhona kubanzi umkhondo, kokukhona iphantsi i-impedance yayo.Kwezinye iitheminali zojongano kunye neepadi zesixhobo, umgaqo uyasebenza.
Xa i-pad ye-terminal ye-interface idityaniswe kumgca wesignali yesantya esiphezulu, ukuba i-pad inkulu kakhulu ngeli xesha, kwaye umgca wesignali wesantya esiphezulu uncinci kakhulu, i-impedance ye-pad enkulu incinci, kwaye incinci. umkhondo kufuneka ube ne-impedance enkulu.Kule meko, ukupheliswa kwe-impedance kuya kwenzeka, kwaye ukubonakalisa umqondiso kuya kwenzeka ukuba i-impedance iyayeka.
Ngoko ke, ukuze kulungiswe le ngxaki, ishidi lobhedu elinqatshelwe libekwe phantsi kwepadi enkulu ye-terminal ye-interface okanye isixhobo, kwaye i-reference plane ye-pad ibekwe kwelinye umaleko ukunyusa i-impedance ukwenza i-impedance iqhubeke.
I-Vias ngomnye umthombo wokuyeka ukuzimela.Ukuze kuncitshiswe esi siphumo, ulusu lobhedu olungadingekile ludityaniswe kumgangatho wangaphakathi kunye ne-via kufuneka isuswe.
Enyanisweni, olu hlobo lomsebenzi lunokupheliswa ngezixhobo ze-CAD ngexesha loyilo okanye uqhagamshelane nomenzi wokucubungula we-PCB ukuphelisa ubhedu obungeyomfuneko kwaye uqinisekise ukuqhubeka kokuphazamiseka.
I-Vias ngomnye umthombo wokuyeka ukuzimela.Ukuze kuncitshiswe esi siphumo, ulusu lobhedu olungadingekile ludityaniswe kumgangatho wangaphakathi kunye ne-via kufuneka isuswe.
Enyanisweni, olu hlobo lomsebenzi lunokupheliswa ngezixhobo ze-CAD ngexesha loyilo okanye uqhagamshelane nomenzi wokucubungula we-PCB ukuphelisa ubhedu obungeyomfuneko kwaye uqinisekise ukuqhubeka kokuphazamiseka.
Akuvumelekanga ukucwangcisa i-vias okanye amacandelo kwisibini esahlukileyo.Ukuba i-vias okanye amacandelo abekwe kwisibini esahlukileyo, iingxaki ze-EMC ziya kwenzeka kwaye ukupheliswa kokuphazamiseka kuya kubangela.
Ngamanye amaxesha, imigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu kufuneka idityaniswe ngokulandelelana kunye ne-coupling capacitors.I-coupling capacitor nayo ifuna ukulungiswa ngokulinganayo, kwaye iphakheji ye-coupling capacitor ayifanele ibe nkulu kakhulu.Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-0402, i-0603 nayo iyamkeleka, kwaye i-capacitors ngaphezu kwe-0805 okanye i-capacitors ecaleni-by-side ingcono ukuba ingasetyenziswa.
Ngesiqhelo, i-vias iya kuvelisa ukungaqhubeki okukhulu kwe-impedance, ngoko ke kwisantya esiphezulu sokwahluka komgca wesibini izibini, zama ukunciphisa i-vias, kwaye ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i-vias, zilungelelanise ngokulinganayo.
07
Ubude obulinganayo
Kwezinye iindibano zesignali zesantya esiphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo, njengebhasi, ixesha lokufika kunye nephutha lokuhamba kwexesha phakathi kwemigca yomqondiso ngamnye kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.Ngokomzekelo, kwiqela leebhasi ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu, ixesha lokufika kwayo yonke imigca yesignali yedatha kufuneka iqinisekiswe ngaphakathi kwempazamo yexesha elithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambelana kwexesha lokucwangcisa kunye nexesha lokubamba.Ukuze sihlangabezane nale mfuno, kufuneka siqwalasele ubude obulinganayo.
Umgca wesignali yesantya esiphezulu kufuneka uqinisekise ixesha elingqongqo kwimigca yomqondiso emibini, ngaphandle koko unxibelelwano lunokusilela.Ngoko ke, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nale mfuneko, umgca wenyoka ungasetyenziselwa ukufikelela ubude obulinganayo, ngaloo ndlela uhlangabezana nemfuneko yexesha.
Umgca wenyoka kufuneka ubekwe ngokubanzi kwindawo yokulahlekelwa ubude, kungekhona ekupheleni.Kuphela kumthombo apho izibonakaliso kwiziphelo ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zomgca wokwahlukana zingahanjiswa ngokuhambelanayo ixesha elininzi.
Umgca wenyoka kufuneka ubekwe ngokubanzi kwindawo yokulahlekelwa ubude, kungekhona ekupheleni.Kuphela kumthombo apho izibonakaliso kwiziphelo ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zomgca wokwahlukana zingahanjiswa ngokuhambelanayo ixesha elininzi.
Ukuba kukho imikhondo emibini egobileyo kwaye umgama phakathi kwezi zibini ungaphantsi kwe-15mm, ukulahleka kobude phakathi kwezi zibini kuya kuhlawulela omnye nomnye ngeli xesha, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokwenza ubude obulinganayo bokucwangcisa ngeli xesha.
Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemigca yesignali yesantya esiphezulu, kufuneka ibe nobude obulinganayo ngokuzimeleyo.I-Vias, i-series coupling capacitors, kunye ne-interface terminals zonke imigca yesignali yokwahlukana kwesantya esiphezulu yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini, ngoko ke hlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngeli xesha.
Kufuneka ubude obufanayo ngokwahlukeneyo.Kuba uninzi lwesoftware ye-EDA inika ingqalelo kuphela ukuba i-wiring yonke ilahlekile e-DRC.
Ujongano olunje ngezixhobo zokubonisa ze-LVDS, kuya kubakho izibini ezininzi zokwahlula ngaxeshanye, kwaye iimfuno zexesha phakathi kwezibini ezihlukeneyo zingqongqo kakhulu, kwaye iimfuno zokulibaziseka kwexesha zincinci kakhulu.Ke ngoko, kwezi zibini zeempawu zokwahluka, sidinga ngokubanzi ukuba zibe kwinqwelomoya enye.Yenza imbuyekezo.Ngenxa yokuba isantya sokuhanjiswa komqondiso wemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yahlukile.
Xa isoftware ethile ye-EDA ibala ubude bomkhondo, umkhondo ongaphakathi kwiphedi nawo uya kubalwa ngaphakathi kobude.Ukuba ubude bembuyekezo lwenziwa ngeli xesha, umphumo wangempela uya kulahlekelwa ubude.Ngoko ke nikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngeli xesha xa usebenzisa isoftware ethile ye-EDA.
Ngalo naliphi na ixesha, ukuba unako, kufuneka ukhethe indlela elinganayo ukunqanda isidingo sokwenza umkhombandlela wenyoka ngobude obulinganayo.
Ukuba indawo ivumela, zama ukongeza i-loop encinci kumthombo womgca omfutshane wokwahlula ukufikelela kwimbuyekezo, endaweni yokusebenzisa umgca wenyoka ukuhlawula.