1. Sebenzisa indlela elungileyo yokumisa (Umthombo: Inethiwekhi ye-Electronic Enthusiast)
Qinisekisa ukuba uyilo lune-bypass capacitors eyaneleyo kunye neenqwelomoya zomhlaba. Xa usebenzisa i-circuit edibeneyo, qiniseka ukusebenzisa i-capacitor efanelekileyo yokuqhawula kufuphi ne-terminal yamandla emhlabeni (ngokukhethekileyo indiza ephantsi). Umthamo ofanelekileyo we-capacitor uxhomekeke kwisicelo esithile, iteknoloji ye-capacitor kunye nokusebenza rhoqo. Xa i-bypass capacitor ifakwe phakathi kwamandla kunye nezikhonkwane zomhlaba kwaye zibekwe kufuphi nepini ye-IC echanekileyo, ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwesiphaluka kunokulungiswa.
2. Yabela ukupakishwa kwecandelo lenyani
Shicilela ibhili yemathiriyeli (bom) ukujonga amacandelo enyani. Izixhobo ezibonakalayo azinapakethe ezihambelanayo kwaye aziyi kudluliselwa kwinqanaba loyilo. Yenza ibhili yeemathiriyeli, kwaye emva koko ujonge onke amacandelo kuyilo. Izinto kuphela kufuneka zibe namandla kunye neempawu zomhlaba, kuba zibhekwa njengezixhobo ezibonakalayo, ezicutshungulwa kuphela kwimeko yeskimu kwaye aziyi kudluliselwa kuyilo loyilo. Ngaphandle kokuba isetyenziselwa iinjongo zokulinganisa, iikhomponenti eziboniswe kwinxalenye yenyani kufuneka itshintshwe ngamacandelo afihliweyo.
3. Qinisekisa ukuba unedatha epheleleyo yoluhlu lwezinto
Jonga ukuba kukho idatha eyaneleyo kwingxelo yempahla. Emva kokudala ingxelo yebhilidi yezinto eziphathekayo, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngokucophelela kwaye uzalise isixhobo esingaphelelanga, umthengisi okanye ulwazi lomenzi kuwo onke amangeniso amacandelo.
4. Hlela ngokweleyibhile yecandelo
Ukuququzelela ukuhlenga-hlengiswa kunye nokujongwa kwebhili yezixhobo, qinisekisa ukuba iinombolo zamacandelo zinenombolo ngokulandelelanayo.
5. Qwalasela isekethe yesango elingaphezulu
Ngokuqhelekileyo, amagalelo awo onke amasango angafunekiyo kufuneka abe noqhagamshelo lomqondiso ukunqanda ukudada kwiitheminali zokufakelwa. Qinisekisa ukuba utshekishe zonke iisekethe ezingafunekiyo okanye ezingekhoyo zesango, kwaye onke amagalelo angasebenziyo aqhagamshelwe ngokupheleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba i-terminal yegalelo inqunyanyisiwe, yonke inkqubo ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Thatha i-op amp ephindwe kabini edla ngokusetyenziswa kuyilo. Ukuba enye kuphela op amps isetyenziswa kumacandelo amabini op amp IC, kuyacetyiswa ukuba mhlawumbi usebenzise enye op amp, okanye umhlaba igalelo op amp engasetyenziswanga, kwaye abeke inzuzo umanyano olufanelekileyo (okanye enye inzuzo) ) Uthungelwano lwengxelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba lonke icandelo linokusebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
Kwezinye iimeko, ii-ICs ezinezikhonkwane ezidadayo zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle phakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela xa isixhobo se-IC okanye amanye amasango kwisixhobo esifanayo engasebenzi kwimo ehluthisiweyo-xa igalelo okanye imveliso isondele okanye kumzila wamandla wecandelo, le IC inokuhlangabezana neenkcukacha xa isebenza. Ukulinganisa ngokuqhelekileyo akunakukwazi ukuyibamba le meko, kuba imodeli yokulinganisa ngokubanzi ayidibanisi iindawo ezininzi ze-IC kunye ukwenza imodeli yesiphumo soqhagamshelwano oludadayo.
6. Qwalasela ukhetho lokupakishwa kwecandelo
Kulo lonke inqanaba lomzobo weskimu, ukupakishwa kwecandelo kunye nezigqibo zepateni yomhlaba ekufuneka zenziwe kwinqanaba loyilo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Nanga amanye amacebiso okuqwalasela xa ukhetha amacandelo asekelwe kwipakethe yecandelo.
Khumbula, iphakheji ibandakanya uqhagamshelo lwephedi yombane kunye nemilinganiselo yomatshini (x, y, kunye no-z) yecandelo, oko kukuthi, imilo yecandelo lomzimba kunye nezikhonkwane eziqhagamshela kwi-PCB. Xa ukhetha amacandelo, kufuneka uqwalasele naziphi na izithintelo zokunyuswa okanye ukupakishwa ezinokubakho kumaleko aphezulu nasezantsi ePCB yokugqibela. Amanye amacandelo (njengama-polar capacitors) anokuba nezithintelo eziphezulu ze-headroom, ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwinkqubo yokukhethwa kwecandelo. Ekuqaleni koyilo, unokuqala ukuzoba imilo yesakhelo sebhodi yesekethe esisiseko, kwaye emva koko ubeke amacandelo amakhulu okanye isikhundla esibalulekileyo (njengezihlanganisi) oceba ukuzisebenzisa. Ngale ndlela, imbono ebonakalayo yebhodi yesekethe (ngaphandle kwe-wiring) inokubonwa nge-intuitively kwaye ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokubekwa okuhambelanayo kunye nokuphakama kwecandelo lebhodi yesekethe kunye namacandelo anganikwa ngokuthe ngqo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo anokubekwa ngokufanelekileyo kwipakethe yangaphandle (imveliso yeplastiki, i-chassis, i-chassis, njl.) Emva kokuba i-PCB ihlanganiswe. Fowunela imowudi ye-3D yokujonga kwangaphambili kwimenyu yesixhobo ukukhangela yonke ibhodi yesekethe