Kuyilo lwe-PCB, i-elektromagnetic yokuphazamiseka (i-EMC) kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (i-EMI) bekusoloko kukho iingxaki ezimbini ezizenze zona iinjineli zebhodi yesekethe kunye nendawo yecandelo incipha, kwaye i-OEG ifuna ukuba imeko yesantya esiphezulu.
1. I-Crostalk kunye ne-wiring ngamanqaku aphambili
I-wiring ibaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo kwangoku. Ukuba okwangoku ivela kwi-oscillator okanye esinye isixhobo esifanayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isahlulo sangoku kwindiza ephantsi, okanye singavumeli ukuba kuqhubekise omnye umkhondo. Iimpawu ezimbini ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu ziya kuvelisa i-EMC kunye ne-EMI, ngakumbi i-crosstalk. Indlela yokuxhathisa kufuneka ibe yeyona imfutshane, kwaye indlela yokubuya ikhoyo kufuneka ibe mfutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ubude bendlela yokubuyisa kufuneka bube ngokufanayo nobude beTrace.
Kwi-EMI, inye ibizwa ngokuba "wiring wiring" kwaye enye i-wiring ". Ukudityaniswa kokukhuphela kunye nokuxhobisa kuya kuchaphazela "ixhoba" lemimandla "yobukho bamabala e-elektromagnetic, ngaloo ndlela uveliswa ngaphambili kunye nexhoba" Kule meko, iiripples ziya kuveliswa kwimeko ezinzileyo apho ubude bokuhambisa kunye nobude bokwamkelwa komqondiso phantse balingana.
Kwimeko elungeleleneyo nelizinzileyo esizinzileyo, imijikelezo emiselweyo kufuneka irhoxise omnye komnye ukuze iphelise i-crossulk. Nangona kunjalo, sikwihlabathi elingafezekanga, kwaye izinto ezinjalo aziyi kwenzeka. Ke ngoko, injongo yethu kukugcina i-crosstalk yayo yonke imikhondo ibe ubuncinci. Ukuba ububanzi phakathi kwemigca efanayo buncitshiswa kabini ububanzi bomgca, isiphumo se-crastalk banokuncitshiswa. Umzekelo, ukuba ububanzi be-trace yi-5 mils, ubuncinci bomde phakathi kweendlela ezimbini ezihambayo kufuneka zibe ze-10 mils okanye ngaphezulu.
Njengoko izixhobo ezitsha kunye nezinto ezintsha ziyaqhubeka ukuvela, abaqulunqi be-PCB kufuneka baqhubeke nokujongana nemicimbi ye-elektromagnetic kunye nemicimbi yokungena.
2. Dlula iCapacitor
Ukucofa i-Accousing Agecitors kunokunciphisa iziphumo ezibi zeCrosstalk. Kuya kufuneka kubekho phakathi kwePIN yePIN yokuHanjiswa kweMibane kunye nePIN ye-PIN kwisixhobo sokuqinisekisa ukugxininisa okusezantsi kwaye kuncitshiswe ingxolo kunye nengxolo kunye ne-crostalk. Ukufezekisa ukunyathela okusezantsi ngaphezulu koluhlu oluxhaphakileyo, amandla amaninzi okuhombisa kufuneka kusetyenziswe.
Umgaqo obalulekileyo wokubeka i-decoupiting kunye ne-capacitor enexabiso elincinci kakhulu kufuneka lisondele kangangoko linokunciphisa isiphumo sokunciphisa umkhondo. Eli Candelo le-Capacitor lisondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwiPIN yamandla okanye umkhondo wamandla esixhobo, kwaye uqhagamshele i-pad ye-cabcitor ngqo kwi-hina okanye ngenqwelomoya. Ukuba umkhondo mde, sebenzisa iVias ezininzi ukunciphisa ukuphakanyiswa komhlaba.
3. Umhlaba we-PCB
Indlela ebalulekileyo yokunciphisa i-EMI kukuyila inqwelomoya yePCB. Inyathelo lokuqala kukwenza indawo ebanzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphakathi kwendawo iyonke yeBhodi yeSekensi yePCB, enokunciphisa ukuphuma, crostalk kunye nengxolo. Unonophelo olukhethekileyo kufuneka luthathelwe xa uqhagamshela icandelo ngalinye kwindawo yomhlaba okanye inqwelomoya. Ukuba oku akwenziwanga, ukungathathi cala kweplanethi yomhlaba ethembekileyo akuyi kusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
Uyilo olukhethekileyo lwePCB lunemifanekiso emininzi yezinzileyo. Ngokufanelekileyo, i-voltage nganye ineenqwelomoya zayo ezihambelana nendiza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaba ungqiwu kakhulu, uya kwandisa iindleko zokwenza i-PCB kwaye zenze ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu. Ukudibana kukusebenzisa iinqwelomoya kwizikhundla ezintathu ukuya kwezihlanu, kwaye inqwelomoya nganye inokuthi iqulethe iinxalenye zomhlaba ezininzi. Oku kungekuphela nje kulawula iindleko zokwenza imveliso yeBhodi yebhodi, kodwa kunciphisa i-EMI ne-EMC.
Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa i-EMC, inkqubo yokufumana indawo ephantsi ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwi-PCB ye-Winde-Winde-Winder PCB, kungcono ukuba ube neplanethi yomhlaba othembekileyo, endaweni yeplastikhi yobhedu okanye iplastikhi esasazekileyo, kuba inomthombo wangoku, ngowona mthombo wesandiso.
Ubude bexesha imbuyiselo yomqondiso emhlabeni nayo ikwabaluleke kakhulu. Ixesha eliphakathi komqondiso kunye nomthombo womqondiso kufuneka ungalingani, ngenye indlela iya kuvelisa i-eriyam, ethathwa ngamandla e-Emi. Ngokufanayo, imikhondo edlulisela ikhompyutha i-O / ukusuka kumthombo womqondiso kufuneka ibe mfutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ubude bendlela yomthombo kunye nendlela yokubuya ayilingani, i-bounce yenzuzo iya kwenzeka, eya kuthi ivelise i-EMI.
4. Khusela i-90 ° Ingle
Ukwenzela ukunciphisa i-EMI, kuphephe ukuntywila, i-VIAS kunye namanye amacandelo ukwenza i-90 ° angle, kuba ii-angles ezifanelekileyo ziya kuvelisa imitha. Kule koneni, amandla aya kunyuka, kwaye ukuba nembonakalo yeempawu kuya kutshintsha, kukhokelela ekucingeni nase-EMI. Ukuphepha i-90 ° angles, indlela kufuneka iqaliswe kwiikona ubuncinci ngama-45 ama-45 ° angles.
5. Sebenzisa iVias ngononophelo
Phantse kuzo zonke iindlela ze-PCB, kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukubonelela ngonxibelelwano olukhoyo phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iinjineli ze-PCB kufuneka zilumkele ngakumbi kuba u-VIAs uya kuvelisa isifo kunye nexhoshulo. Ngamanye amaxesha, baya kuvelisa izibonakaliso, kuba ukumiswa kwesimo sengqondo kuya kutshintsha xa i-aia yenziwa emgceni.
Khumbula kwakhona ukuba i-VIAs iya konyusa ubude bomkhondo kwaye kufuneka ihambelane. Ukuba ngumkhondo owahlukileyo, iVis kufuneka ithintelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ayinakuthintelwa, sebenzisa iVias kuyo yomibini le ndlela yokubuyisa ukulibaziseka kwi-Signal kunye nokubuya.
I-6. Intambo kunye nokukhuselwa ngokomzimba
Iintambo ezithwala iisekethe zedijithali kunye nemisila ye-analog ziya kuvelisa amandla kunye nokuzibhokoxa, kubangela iingxaki ezininzi ze-EMC. Ukuba i-cable-i-cable ejijekileyo isetyenziswa, inqanaba lokudibana liya kugcinwa liphantsi kwaye i-magnetic firdicar evelisiweyo iya kupheliswa. Kwimiqondiso ephezulu-ethereyikayo, intambo ekhuselweyo kufuneka isetyenziswe, kwaye ngaphambili nangasemva kwentambo kufuneka isuswe ekupheliseni ukuphazanyiswa kwe-EMI.
Ukukhuselwa ngokomzimba kukusonga yonke okanye inxenye yenkqubo enephakheji yentsimbi ukuthintela i-EMI ukungena kwisekethe ye-PCB. Olu hlobo lokukhuselwa lunjengesikhongozeli esivunyiweyo esivunyiweyo, esinciphisa ubungakanani be-Antenna Loop kwaye ifumene i-EMI.