Boto ea potoloho e ka bitsoa boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng kapa boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng, 'me lebitso la Senyesemane ke PCB. Sebopeho sa metsi a litšila a PCB se rarahane ebile ho thata ho a phekola. Mokhoa oa ho tlosa lintho tse kotsi ka katleho le ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea tikoloho ke mosebetsi o moholo o tobaneng le indasteri ea PCB ea naha ea heso.
Metsi a litšila a PCB ke metsi a litšila a PCB, e leng mofuta oa metsi a litšila metsing a litšila a tsoang indastering ea khatiso le lifeme tsa boto ea potoloho. Hona joale, tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea litšila tsa lik'hemik'hale tse chefo le tse kotsi e fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 300 ho isa ho tse 400. Har'a tsona, likokoana-hloko tse sa khaotseng (POPs) ke tsona tse kotsi ka ho fetisisa ho ecology le tse atileng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Ho feta moo, metsi a litšila a PCB a arotsoe ka : Ho hloekisa metsi a litšila, metsi a litšila a enke, metsi a litšila a rarahaneng, metsi a litšila a concentrated acid, concentrated alkali waste liquid, joalo-joalo. le likarolo tse rarahaneng. Ho ea ka litšoaneleho tsa metsi a litšila a bahlahisi ba fapaneng ba PCB, ho hlophisoa ka mokhoa o utloahalang le ho bokelloa le phekolo ea boleng ke senotlolo sa ho netefatsa hore phekolo ea metsi a litšila e finyella litekanyetso.
Bakeng sa phekolo ea metsi a litšila indastering ea boto ea PCB, ho na le mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale (ho na ha lik'hemik'hale, phapanyetsano ea ion, electrolysis, joalo-joalo), mekhoa ea 'mele (mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho qhaqha, mekhoa ea ho hloekisa, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, joalo-joalo). Mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale ke Lintho tse silafatsang li fetoloa boemo bo arohaneng habonolo (tse tiileng kapa tsa khase). Mokhoa oa 'mele ke ho ntlafatsa litšila ka metsing a litšila kapa ho arola boemo bo arohaneng habonolo le metsi a litšila ho etsa hore metsi a litšila a finyelle maemo a ho qhala. Mekhoa e latelang e amoheloa lapeng le kantle ho naha.
1. Mokhoa oa ho phunya
Mokhoa oa decantation ha e le hantle ke mokhoa oa ho sefa, e leng o mong oa mekhoa ea 'mele ho indasteri ea boto ea PCB mokhoa oa ho hloekisa metsi a litšila. Metsi a hlatsuoang a nang le likhechana tsa koporo tse ntšitsoeng mochining oa deburring a ka tlhotloa ho tlosa maqeba a koporo ka mor'a ho alafshoa ke decanter. Mokelikeli o hloekisitsoeng ke decanter o ka sebelisoa hape e le metsi a hloekisang a mochini oa burr.
2. Molao oa Lik'hemik'hale
Mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale e kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho fokotsa oxidation le mekhoa ea ho na ka lik'hemik'hale. Mokhoa oa ho fokotsa oxidation o sebelisa li-oxidants kapa lisebelisoa tse fokotsang ho fetola lintho tse kotsi hore e be lintho tse se nang kotsi kapa lintho tseo ho leng bonolo ho na le ho na. Metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide le metsi a litšila a nang le chromium ka boto ea potoloho hangata a sebelisa mokhoa oa ho fokotsa oxidation, bona tlhaloso e latelang bakeng sa lintlha.
Mokhoa oa ho na ka lik'hemik'hale o sebelisa k'hemik'hale e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa ho fetola lintho tse kotsi hore e be matsoai a arohaneng habonolo kapa pula. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang ho hloekisa metsi a litšila, joalo ka NaOH, CaO, Ca(OH)2, Na2S, CaS, Na2CO3, PFS, PAC, PAM, FeSO4, FeCl3, ISX, joalo-joalo. Moemeli oa pula a ka khona. fetola li-ion tsa tšepe e boima hore e be Sediment ebe e fetisoa ka tanka ea sedimentation ea poleiti e sekametseng, filthara ea lehlabathe, filthara ea PE, mochini oa sefahla, joalo-joalo ho arola ho tiileng le metsi.
3. Mokhoa oa phapanyetsano oa lik'hemik'hale oa pula-ioni
Kalafo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa metsi a litšila tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse phahameng tsa metsi a litšila ho thata ho finyella maemo a ho qhala ka mohato o le mong, 'me hangata a sebelisoa hammoho le phapanyetsano ea ion. Ntlha ea pele, sebelisa mokhoa oa ho folisa lik'hemik'hale ho phekola metsi a litšila a phahameng a concentration ho fokotsa litaba tsa li-ion tsa tšepe tse boima ho hoo e ka bang 5mg / L, ebe u sebelisa mokhoa oa phapanyetsano ea ion ho fokotsa li-ion tsa tšepe tse boima ho fokotsa litekanyetso.
4. mokhoa oa phapanyetsano ea electrolysis-ion
Har'a mekhoa ea phekolo ea metsi a litšila indastering ea boto ea PCB, mokhoa oa electrolysis oa ho phekola metsi a litšila a phahameng a concentration a ka fokotsa litaba tsa li-ion tsa tšepe tse boima, 'me morero oa oona o tšoana le mokhoa oa ho noa lik'hemik'hale. Leha ho le joalo, mefokolo ea mokhoa oa electrolysis ke: e sebetsa feela bakeng sa phekolo ea li-ion tse boima tse phahameng tsa concentration, mahloriso a fokotsehile, hona joale a fokotsehile haholo, 'me katleho e fokotsehile haholo; tšebeliso ea matla e kholo, 'me ho thata ho e khothaletsa; mokhoa oa electrolysis o ka sebetsa tšepe e le 'ngoe feela. Mokhoa oa phapanyetsano ea electrolysis-ion ke ho roala ka koporo, ho ekelletsa mokelikeli oa litšila, bakeng sa metsi a mang a litšila, empa hape o sebelisa mekhoa e meng ea ho phekola.
5. mokhoa oa lik'hemik'hale-membrane filtration mokhoa
Metsi a litšila a lik'hamphani tsa indasteri ea boto ea PCB a entsoe ka lik'hemik'hale ho isa likaroloana tse sefang (bophara> 0.1μ) ho tsoa linthong tse kotsi, ebe li tlhotluoa ka sesebelisoa se sefang lera ho fihlela litekanyetso tse tsoang.
6. mokhoa oa ho hloekisa ka gaseous condensation-motlakase
Har'a mekhoa ea ho hloekisa metsi a litšila indastering ea boto ea PCB, mokhoa oa ho hloekisa ka gaseous condensation-electric filtration ke mokhoa o mocha oa ho hloekisa metsi a litšila ntle le lik'hemik'hale tse entsoeng ke United States ka bo-1980. Ke mokhoa oa 'mele oa ho phekola metsi a litšila a boto e hatisitsoeng. E na le likarolo tse tharo. Karolo ea pele ke jenereithara ea khase ea ionized. Moea o kenngoa ka har'a jenereithara, 'me sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale se ka fetoloa ka matla a khoheli a ionizing hore e be li-ion tsa makenete tsa oksijene tse sebetsang haholo le li-ion tsa nitrogen. Khase ena e phekoloa ka mochine oa jete. E kenngoa ka metsing a litšila, li-ion tsa tšepe, lintho tse phelang le lintho tse ling tse kotsi ka metsing a litšila li na le oxidized le aggregated, e leng bonolo ho sefa le ho tlosa; karolo ea bobeli ke filthara ea electrolyte, e hloekisang le ho tlosa lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng tse hlahisoang karolong ea pele; karolo ea boraro ke sesebelisoa sa mahlaseli a kotsi a ultraviolet, mahlaseli a mahlaseli a kotsi ka metsing a ka oxidize lintho tse phelang le lik'hemik'hale tse rarahaneng, ho fokotsa CODcr le BOD5. Hona joale, sete se feletseng sa lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng se entsoe bakeng sa tšebeliso e tobileng.