Paunenge uchitaura nezveakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi, manovices anowanzo kuvhiringa "PCB schematics" uye "PCB dhizaini mafaera", asi ivo vanotoreva kune zvakasiyana zvinhu. Kunzwisisa misiyano pakati pavo ndiyo kiyi yekubudirira kugadzira maPCB, saka kuitira kuti vanotanga kuita izvi zvirinani, chinyorwa ichi chichaputsa misiyano yakakosha pakati pePCB schematics uye PCB dhizaini.
Chii chinonzi PCB
Usati wapinda mumusiyano pakati pechirongwa uye dhizaini, chii chinoda kunzwisiswa kuti chii chinonzi PCB?
Chaizvoizvo, kune akadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi mukati memidziyo yemagetsi, anonziwo akadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi. Iri bhodhi redunhu rakasvibirira rakagadzirwa nesimbi yakakosha rinobatanidza zvese zvemagetsi zvemudziyo uye rinoita kuti rishande zvakajairika. Pasina PCB, midziyo yemagetsi haishande.
PCB schematic uye PCB dhizaini
Iyo PCB schematic iri nyore-dimensional redunhu dhizaini inoratidza kushanda uye kubatana pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana. Iyo PCB dhizaini ndeye matatu-dimensional marongero, uye nzvimbo yezvikamu inomakwa mushure mekunge dunhu ravimbiswa kushanda zvakajairika.
Naizvozvo, iyo PCB schematic ndiyo yekutanga chikamu chekugadzira yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi. Ichi chiratidziro chine graphical chinoshandisa zviratidzo zvakabvumiranwa kutsanangura kubatanidzwa kwedunhu, kungave kwakanyorwa kana mune data fomu. Inokurudzirawo kuti zvikamu zvishandiswe uye kuti zvakabatana sei.
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, PCB schematic chirongwa uye purani. Hazviratidzi kuti zvikamu zvichaiswa kupi zvakananga. Asi, hurongwa hunotsanangura kuti PCB inozopedzisira yawana sei kubatana uye inoumba chikamu chakakosha chehurongwa hwekuronga.
Mushure mekunge purani yapedzwa, nhanho inotevera ndeye PCB dhizaini. Iyo dhizaini ndiyo dhizaini kana kumiririra kwemuviri kwePCB schematic, kusanganisira marongerwo emhangura yemhangura nemakomba. Iyo PCB dhizaini inoratidza nzvimbo yezvikamu zvataurwa uye kubatana kwavo nemhangura.
PCB dhizaini idanho rine chekuita nekuita. Mainjiniya akavaka zvinhu chaizvo pahwaro hwePCB dhizaini kuitira kuti vaone kana michina iri kushanda nemazvo. Sezvatakambotaura, chero munhu anofanira kukwanisa kunzwisisa PCB schematic, asi hazvisi nyore kunzwisisa basa rayo nekutarisa prototype.
Mushure mematanho maviri aya apera, uye iwe wagutsikana nekuita kwePCB, unofanirwa kuishandisa kuburikidza nemugadziri.
PCB schematic elements
Mushure mekunyatsonzwisisa musiyano pakati pezviviri izvi, ngatitarisei zvakanyanya pazvinhu zvePCB schematic. Sezvatakataura, zvese zvinongedzo zvinoonekwa, asi pane mamwe macaveats ekurangarira:
Kuti vakwanise kuona zvinobatanidzwa zvakajeka, hazvina kusikwa kuyera; muPCB dhizaini, vanogona kunge vari pedyo zvakanyanya kune mumwe nemumwe
Kumwe kubatanidza kunogona kuyambuka, izvo zvisingagoneke
Mamwe ma link anogona kunge ari kune rimwe divi regadziriro, aine mucherechedzo unoratidza kuti akabatana
Iyi PCB "blueprint" inogona kushandisa peji rimwe, mapeji maviri kana kunyange mashoma mapeji kutsanangura zvese zvirimo zvinoda kuverengerwa mukugadzira.
Chinhu chekupedzisira kucherechedzwa ndechekuti zvimwe zvakaoma schematics zvinogona kuiswa muboka nekuita basa rekuvandudza kuverenga. Kuronga kubatanidza nenzira iyi hazvizoitike muchikamu chinotevera, uye schematics kazhinji haienderane nekupedzisira dhizaini ye3D modhi.
PCB dhizaini zvinhu
Ino ndiyo nguva yekuongorora zvakadzama mukati mezvinhu zvePCB dhizaini faira. Panguva ino, isu takashandura kubva kuzvinyorwa zvakanyorwa kuenda kune zvinomiririra zvemuviri zvakavakwa uchishandisa laminate kana ceramic zvinhu. Kana yanyanya compact nzvimbo ichidikanwa, zvimwe zvikumbiro zvakaoma zvinoda kushandiswa kwePCB inoshanduka.
Zviri mukati mePCB dhizaini faira inotevera dhizaini yakagadzwa nehurongwa hwekuyerera, asi, sezvambotaurwa, izvo zviviri zvakasiyana kwazvo pakuonekwa. Takakurukura PCB schematics, asi ndeipi misiyano inogona kucherechedzwa mumafaira ekugadzira?
Kana tichitaura nezvePCB dhizaini mafaira, tiri kutaura nezve 3D modhi, iyo inosanganisira yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi uye mafaera ekugadzira. Anogona kunge ari single layer kana akawanda layers, kunyangwe maviri akaturikidzana akajairika. Tinogona kuona mimwe misiyano pakati pePCB schematics nePCB dhizaini mafaera:
Zvese zvikamu zvakakura uye zvakamisikidzwa nemazvo
Kana mapoinzi maviri asingafanirwe kubatana, anofanirwa kutenderera kana kushandura kune imwe PCB layer kuti arege kuyambuka mumwe nemumwe pachikamu chimwe chete.
Pamusoro pezvo, sezvatakataura muchidimbu nezvazvo, PCB dhizaini inobhadhara zvakanyanya kuita chaiko, nekuti iyi ndiyo imwe nhanho chikamu chekusimbisa chechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Panguva ino, kushanda kwechigadzirwa kunofanira kunyatsoshanda kunouya, uye zvinodiwa zvemuviri zvebhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa zvinofanirwa kutariswa. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:
Ko kuparadzaniswa kwezvikamu kunobvumira sei kugovera kupisa kwakakwana
Zvibatanidza kumucheto
Nezve nyaya dzazvino uye dzekupisa, kuti mavara akasiyana-siyana anofanira kunge akakora zvakadii
Nekuti kusakwana kwemuviri uye zvinodiwa zvinoreva kuti PCB dhizaini mafaera anowanzo kutaridzika akasiyana zvakanyanya kubva padhizaini pane schematic, mafaera ekugadzira anosanganisira skrini-yakadhindwa layer. Sirika screen layer inoratidza mavara, manhamba uye zviratidzo kubatsira mainjiniya kuungana uye kushandisa bhodhi.
Zvinotarisirwa kushanda sezvakarongwa mushure mokunge zvikamu zvose zvaungana pabhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa. Kana zvisina kudaro, iwe unofanirwa kudhirowazve.
mukupedzisa
Kunyangwe PCB schematics uye PCB dhizaini mafaera anowanzo kuvhiringika, kutaura zvazviri, kugadzira PCB schematics uye PCB dhizaini inoreva maitiro maviri akaparadzana pakugadzira rakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi. Iyo PCB schematic dhizaini inogona kudhirowa kuyerera kwemaitiro inofanirwa kugadzirwa iyo PCB dhizaini isati yaitwa, uye dhizaini yePCB chikamu chakakosha chekuona mashandiro uye kuvimbika kwePCB.