01 >> Pfungwa yemhando dzakawanda uye mabhechi madiki
Multi-siyana, diki-batch kugadzirwa inoreva nzira yekugadzira umo mune akawanda marudzi ezvigadzirwa (madiro, modhi, saizi, maumbirwo, mavara, nezvimwewo) sechinangwa chekugadzira panguva yakatarwa yekugadzira, uye nhamba shoma ye zvigadzirwa zvemhando yega yega zvinogadzirwa..
Kazhinji kutaura, zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro ekugadzira akawanda, iyi nzira yekugadzira ine yakaderera kushanda, mutengo wakakwira, haisi nyore kuona otomatiki, uye chirongwa chekugadzira uye sangano zvakanyanya kuoma.Nekudaro, pasi pemamiriro ehupfumi hwemusika, vatengi vanowanzo siyanisa zvavanofarira, vachitsvaga zvepamberi, zvakasarudzika uye zvakakurumbira zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana nevamwe.
Zvigadzirwa zvitsva zviri kubuda nekusingaperi, uye kuti awedzere mugove wemusika, makambani anofanirwa kuenderana neshanduko iyi mumusika.Kusiyana-siyana kwezvigadzirwa zvemabhizinesi kwave kusingadzivisike maitiro.Ehezve, isu tinofanirwa kuona kusiyanisa kwezvigadzirwa uye kubuda kusingaperi kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva, izvo zvinozoita kuti zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvibviswe zvisati zvapera uye zvichine kukosha kwekushandisa, izvo zvinoparadza zvakanyanya zviwanikwa zvevanhu.Chiitiko ichi chinofanira kumutsa pfungwa dzevanhu.
02 >> Hunhu hwemhando dzakawanda uye mabhechi madiki
1. Mhando dzakawanda dzakafanana
Sezvo zvigadzirwa zvemakambani mazhinji zvakagadzirirwa vatengi, zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana zvine zvido zvakasiyana, uye zviwanikwa zvekambani zviri mumhando dzakasiyana.
2. Resource Sharing
Basa rega rega riri mukugadzirwa kwekugadzira rinoda zviwanikwa, asi zviwanikwa zvinogona kushandiswa mukuita chaiko zvakaganhurirwa.Semuenzaniso, dambudziko remakakatanwa emidziyo anowanzo sangana mukugadzira maitiro anokonzerwa nekugovana zviwanikwa zveprojekiti.Nokudaro, zviwanikwa zvishoma zvinofanira kugoverwa zvakakodzera kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa neprojekti.
3. Kusavimbika kwekurongeka kwemhedzisiro uye kutenderera kwekugadzira
Nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwezvinodiwa nevatengi, manodhi akarongwa zvakajeka haaenderane nekutenderera kwakazara kwevanhu, muchina, zvinhu, nzira, uye zvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo, kutenderera kwekugadzira kunowanzo kusava nechokwadi, uye mapurojekiti asina kukwana nguva yekutenderera anoda zvimwe zviwanikwa., Kuwedzera kuoma kwekugadzira kutonga.
4. Kuchinja kwezvinhu zvinodiwa zvakakonzera kunonoka kutenga kwakakomba
Nekuda kwekuiswa kana shanduko yehurongwa, zvakaoma kuti kunze kwekugadzirisa uye kutenga kuratidze nguva yekutumira yekuraira.Nekuda kweiyo batch diki uye imwechete sosi yekugovera, njodzi yekupa yakakwira zvakanyanya.
03 >> Matambudziko mune akawanda-siyana, diki batch kugadzirwa
1. Dynamic process nzira kuronga uye virtual unit line deployment: emergency order kuisa, kutadza kwemidziyo, bottleneck drift.
2. Kuzivikanwa uye kudonha kwemabhodhoro: pamberi uye panguva yekugadzira
3. Multi-level mabhodhoro: iyo bhodhoro remutsetse wegungano, iyo bhodhoro reiyo chaiyo mutsara wezvikamu, nzira yekubatanidza uye vaviri.
4. Buffer size: ingava backlog kana kushayiwa anti-kupindira.Mabheti ekugadzira, mabheti ekutamisa, nezvimwe.
5. Kuronga kwekugadzira: kwete kungofunga nezvebhodhoro, asi zvakare funga nezvekukanganiswa kwezvinhu zvisiri zvebhodhoro.
Iyo yakawanda-yakasiyana-siyana uye diki-batch yekugadzira modhi ichasanganawo nematambudziko mazhinji mukuita kwemakambani, akadai se:
>>> Multi-siyana uye diki batch kugadzirwa, yakasanganiswa kuronga kwakaoma
>>> Haikwanise kuendesa nenguva, yakawandisa "yekudzimisa moto" nguva yakawandisa
>>> Kurongeka kunoda kuteedzera zvakanyanya
>>> Zvigadzirwa zvekutanga zvinogara zvichishandurwa, uye chirongwa chepakutanga hachigone kuitwa
>>> Inventory inoramba ichiwedzera, asi zvinhu zvinokosha zvinowanzoshaikwa
>>> Kutenderera kwekugadzira kwakarebesa, uye nguva yekutungamira yakawedzera kusingaperi
04 >> Yakawanda-yakasiyana-siyana, diki batch kugadzirwa uye kunaka manejimendi
1. High scrap rate panguva yekutumwa chikamu
Nekuda kwekuchinja kunogara kuchiitwa kwezvigadzirwa, shanduko yechigadzirwa uye kugadzirisa dhizaini kunofanirwa kuitwa kazhinji.Munguva yekuchinja, ma paramita emidziyo inoda kugadziridzwa, kutsiva kwezvishandiso uye zvigadziriso, kugadzirira kana kufona kweCNC zvirongwa, nezvimwe, hazvina kujeka.Pachava nekukanganisa kana kusiiwa.Dzimwe nguva vashandi vachangobva kupedza chigadzirwa chekupedzisira uye havasati vanyatsobata kana kuyeuka zvakakosha zvekushanda zvakakosha zvechigadzirwa chitsva, uye vachiri "kunyura" mukushanda kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira, zvichiita kuti zvigadzirwa zvisina kukodzera uye kubviswa kwechigadzirwa.
Muchokwadi, mukugadzirwa kwemabatch madiki, akawanda emarara anogadzirwa mukugadzirisa kwechigadzirwa uye dhizaini michina.Kune akawanda-akasiyana-siyana uye madiki-batch kugadzirwa, kuderedza zvimedu panguva yekutumwa kunonyanya kukosha.
2. Hunhu hunodzora maitiro emashure ekuongorora cheki
Izvo zvakakosha zvehuhu manejimendi system inzira yekudzora uye yakazara mhando manejimendi.
Mukati mechikamu chekambani, mhando yechigadzirwa inongotaridzirwa senyaya yemusangano wekugadzira, asi madhipatimendi akasiyana haabatanidzwe.Panyaya yekutonga kwemaitiro, kunyangwe makambani mazhinji aine mirau yemaitiro, mirairo yekushanda kwemidziyo, mitemo yekuchengetedza uye mabasa ebasa, ari nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka uye Izvo zvakanyanya kuomesera, uye hapana nzira dzekutarisa, uye kuita kwayo hakuna kukwirira.Nezve marekodhi ekushanda, makambani mazhinji haana kuita nhamba uye haana kugadzira tsika yekutarisa marekodhi ekushanda zuva rega rega.Nokudaro, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvepakutanga hazvisi chinhu kunze kwemurwi wepepa remarara.
3. Matambudziko mukushandisa statistical process control
Statistical Process Control (SPC) imhando yekutonga tekinoroji inoshandisa matekiniki ehuwandu kuongorora nekutarisa ese matanho ekuita, kumisikidza uye kuchengetedza maitiro padanho rinogamuchirwa uye rakagadzikana, uye kuona kuti zvigadzirwa nemasevhisi zvinosangana nezvinodiwa.
Statistical process control inzira yakakosha yekutonga kwemhando, uye kutonga machati ndiyo yakakosha tekinoroji yehuwandu hwemaitiro ekudzora.Nekudaro, nekuti echinyakare kudzora machati anogadzirwa mune yakakura-vhoriyamu, yakaoma kugadzirwa nharaunda, zvakaoma kushandisa munzvimbo diki-vhoriyamu yekugadzira.
Nekuda kwenhamba shoma yezvikamu zvakagadziriswa, iyo yakaunganidzwa data haina kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa echinyakare nhamba nzira, ndiko kuti, iyo control chart haina kuitwa uye kugadzirwa kwapera.Chati yekudzora haina kuita basa rayo rekudzivirira uye yakarasikirwa nekukosha kwekushandisa nzira dzehuwandu kudzora kunaka.
05 >> Yakawanda-yakasiyana, diki-batch kugadzirwa kwemhando yekudzora matanho
Maitiro ekugadzira emhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye mabheji madiki anowedzera kuoma kwekutonga kwemhando yechigadzirwa.Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuvandudzwa kwakasimba kwemhando yechigadzirwa pasi pemamiriro emhando dzakawanda uye diki kugadzirwa kwebatch, zvinodikanwa kumisikidza yakadzama mirairo yekushanda, kuita musimboti we "kudzivirira kutanga", uye kuunza Advanced manejimendi mazano anovandudza nhanho yekutonga.
1. Gadzira mirairo yebasa yakadzama uye maitiro akajairika ekushanda panguva yekutumwa kwechikamu
Murairo webasa unofanirwa kusanganisira iyo inodiwa nhamba yekudzora chirongwa, nhamba yegadziriso, nzira dzekuongorora uye ese ma paramita anogadziriswa.Gadzirira mirairo yebasa pachine nguva, unogona kunyatso funga zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kuburikidza nekubatanidza uye kuongorora, unganidza hungwaru uye ruzivo rwevanhu vakawanda kuvandudza huchokwadi uye kugona.Inogona zvakare kudzikisa zvinobudirira iyo online shanduko nguva uye kuwedzera mwero wekushandisa wemidziyo.
Iyo yakajairwa mashandiro ekuita (SOP) ndiyo ichasarudza yega yega nhanho yekuita yebasa rekutuma.Sarudza zvekuita padanho rega rega uye maitirwo azvo munhevedzano yenguva.Semuenzaniso, rudzi rweCNC muchina chishandiso chinogona kuchinjika zvichienderana nekutevedzana kwekuchinja shaya-kudaidza chirongwa-maererano nenhamba yechishandiso inoshandiswa muchirongwa-chekutarisa-chishandiso kuseta-kuisa iyo workpiece-kuseta zero point-executing. purogiramu nhanho nhanho.Basa rakapararira rinoitwa mune imwe hurongwa kudzivirira kusiiwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, padanho rega rega, maitiro ekushanda uye matarisiro anotsanangurwa zvakare.Semuenzaniso, maitiro ekuona kana shaya dziri eccentric mushure mekushandura shaya.Zvinogona kuoneka kuti debugging mwero wekushandisa maitiro ndiko optimization yekudzora nzvimbo yekushanda kwebasa rekugadzirisa, kuitira kuti mushandi wese anogona kuita zvinhu zvinoenderana nemirairo yakakodzera yemaitiro, uye hapazove nekukanganisa kukuru.Kunyangwe paine chikanganiso, chinogona kukurumidza kuongororwa kuburikidza neSOP kuti uwane dambudziko nekunatsiridza.
2. Nyatsoshandisa nheyo ye "kudzivirira kutanga"
Izvo zvinodikanwa kushandura theoretical "kudzivirira kutanga, kubatanidza kudzivirira nekuchengetedza gedhi" kuita "chaiyo" kudzivirira.Izvi hazvirevi kuti varindi vemikova havachakoniwa, asi basa revarindi vemikova rinofanira kuvandudzwa, kureva zviri mukati mevarindi vemikova.Inosanganisira zvinhu zviviri: imwe icheki yemhando yechigadzirwa, uye nhanho inotevera ndeye cheki yemhando yemaitiro.Kuti uwane 100% zvigadzirwa zvinokodzera, chinhu chekutanga chakakosha hachisi kuongororwa kwemhando yechigadzirwa, asi kudzora kwakasimba kwemaitiro ekugadzira pachine nguva.
06 >> Maitiro ekugadzirira akawanda-siyana, diki-batch yekugadzira chirongwa
1. Comprehensive balance method
Iyo yakazara chiyero nzira yakavakirwa pane zvinodikanwa zvemitemo yechinangwa, kuitira kuti zvizadzise zvinangwa zvehurongwa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvakakosha kana zviratidzo munguva yekuronga zvakaenzana, zvakabatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe, uye kurongeka kune mumwe nemumwe, vachishandisa fomu yebalance sheet kuona kuburikidza nekudzokorora chiyero chekuongorora uye kuverenga.Ronga zviratidzo.Kubva pamaonero edzidziso yehurongwa, ndiko kuchengetedza chimiro chemukati chehurongwa zvakarongeka uye zvine musoro.Hunhu hweiyo yakazara chiyero nzira ndeyekuita yakazara uye inodzokororwa yakazara chiyero kuburikidza nezviratidzo uye mamiriro ekugadzira, kuchengetedza chiyero pakati pemabasa, zviwanikwa uye zvinodiwa, pakati pechikamu uye yese, uye pakati pezvinangwa uye kwenguva refu.Teerera kune manejimendi emazana emakambani, uye gamuchira yakakura data yemahara.Inokodzera kugadzirira chirongwa chekugadzira kwenguva refu.Izvo zvinobatsira kubata zvinogoneka zvevanhu vebhizinesi, mari uye zvinhu.
2. Chikamu nzira
Nzira yekuenzanisa inonziwo nzira isina kunanga.Inoshandisa chiyero chenguva refu yakagadzikana pakati pezvakapfuura zviratidzo zvehupfumi zvakakosha kuverenga uye kuona zviratidzo zvakakodzera munguva yekuronga.Inobva pachiyero pakati pehuwandu hunoenderana, saka inobatwa zvakanyanya nekururama kwechiyero.Kazhinji yakakodzera kumakambani akakura anounganidza data renguva refu.
3. Quota nzira
Iyo quota nzira ndeyekuverenga uye kuona akakodzera zviratidzo zvenguva yekuronga zvinoenderana neakakodzera tekinoroji uye ehupfumi quota.Inoratidzirwa nekuverenga kuri nyore uye nepamusoro-soro.Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti zvinokanganiswa zvakanyanya nehunyanzvi hwechigadzirwa uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji.
4. Cyber Mutemo
Iyo nzira yetiweki yakavakirwa pamisimboti yekutanga yetiweki yekuongorora tekinoroji kuverenga uye kuona zviratidzo zvakakodzera.Hunhu hwayo huri nyore uye huri nyore kushandisa, hwakarongwa maererano nehurongwa hwekushanda, hunogona kukurumidza kuona chinangwa chechirongwa, chiyero chekushandiswa chakakura kwazvo, chakakodzera mararamiro ose ehupenyu.
5. Rolling chirongwa nzira
Iyo rolling plan method inzira ine simba yekugadzirira chirongwa.Inogadzirisa hurongwa panguva yakakodzera maererano nekuitwa kwechirongwa mune imwe nguva yenguva, tichifunga nezvekuchinja kwemukati nekunze kwemamiriro ekunze esangano, uye nekudaro inowedzera chirongwa kwenguva, ichibatanidza nguva pfupi. kuronga nechirongwa chenguva refu Inzira yekugadzirira chirongwa.
Iyo rolling plan nzira ine zvinotevera maitiro:
1. Urongwa hwakakamurwa kuva nguva dzinoverengeka dzekuuraya, pakati peiyo chirongwa chenguva pfupi chinofanira kutsanangurwa uye chakananga, nepo chirongwa chenguva refu chiri chakaomarara;
2. Mushure mokunge chirongwa ichi chaitwa kweimwe nguva yenguva, zvinyorwa zvechirongwa uye zviratidzo zvine chokuita nazvo zvichadzokororwa, kugadziriswa uye kuwedzerwa maererano nekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu uye kuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza;
3. Nzira yekugadzira nzira inodzivisa kusimbiswa kwechirongwa, inovandudza kushanduka kwechirongwa uye kutungamirirwa kune basa chairo, uye inoshanduka uye inogadziriswa chirongwa chekugadzira nzira;
4. Nheyo yekugadzirira yepurogiramu yekukunguruka "inenge yakanaka uye yakashata", uye maitiro ekushanda ndeye "kuita, kugadzirisa, uye kutenderera".
Aya maitiro anoratidza kuti iyo rolling plan nzira inogara ichigadziridzwa uye kudzokororwa nekuchinja kwemusika kudiwa, izvo zvinopindirana neakawanda-siyana, madiki-batch nzira yekugadzira inoenderana nekuchinja kwemusika kudiwa.Kushandisa iyo rolling plan nzira yekutungamira kugadzirwa kwemarudzi akawanda uye mabhechi madiki haingogone kuvandudza kugona kwemabhizinesi kujairana nekuchinja kwemusika kudiwa, asi zvakare kuchengetedza kugadzikana uye kuenzana kwekugadzira kwavo, inova nzira yakakwana.