Maitiro Ekuita Kugadzirisa uye Kuvandudza Hunhu hwePCBA?

1 - shandisa nzira dzehybrid
Mutemo wose unofanirwa kuderedza kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekusangana kwemagungano uye kuvadzivira kune chaiyo mamiriro. Semuenzaniso, mabhenefiti ekuisa imwe chete kuburikidza-gomba (Pth) chikamu chakambonyorwa nemutengo wekuwedzera uye nguva inodiwa kugungano. Panzvimbo iyoyo, kushandisa akawanda pth zvikamu kana kuzvitsaurira zvachose kubva kugadzirwa kunodiwa uye zvakanyatsoshanda. Kana iyo PT tekinoroji inodikanwa, inokurudzirwa kuisa zvese chikamu chinoshamisa kusimuka kune rumwe rutivi rwakatemerwa wedunhu, nekudaro vachidzora nguva inodiwa kuti gungano.

2 - Chikamu chakabatana
Munguva yePCB Design Stage, zvakakosha kusarudza iyo chaiyo saizi saizi yezvinhu chimwe nechimwe. Kazhinji, iwe unofanirwa chete kusarudza iyo diki package kana iwe uine chikonzero chakaringana; Zvikasadaro, enda kune yakakura package. Muchokwadi, vagadziri vemagetsi vanowanzo sarudza zvikamu nezvidiki zvidiki mapakeji, zvichigadzira matambudziko angangoitika panguva yekuchinjika kwegungano uye inogona kuitika kuchinjika kwematunhu. Zvichienderana nehukuru hweshanduko dzinodikanwa, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinogona kuve nyore kuunganidza bhodhi rese pane kubvisa uye kutengesa izvo zvinodiwa.

3 - nzvimbo yezvinhu inogara
Chikamu chetsoka chimwe chakakosha chegungano. Naizvozvo, macustomers anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti imwe neimwe package yakagadzirwa nenzira kwayo zvichienderana nenzvimbo yepasi yakatsanangurwa mune yega yega yakabatanidzwa yedatha yedata yedata. Dambudziko rakakura rinokonzerwa nema tsoka dzisina kunaka ndiko kuitika kweiyo inonzi "aroombstone maitiro", anozivikanwawo seManhattan mhedzisiro kana iyo alligator mhedzisiro. Dambudziko iri rinoitika kana chikamu chakabatanidzwa chinogashira kupisa zvisina kufanira panguva yekutengesa maitiro, zvichikonzera chikamu chakabatanidzwa kuti chibatanidze kune PCB pane rimwe chete divi pane zvese zviri zviviri. Iyo tombstone phenomenon inonyanya kubata secises smd zvikamu zvakadai sesitors, capacitors, uye inokatyamadza. Chikonzero cheiko chinoitika hachina kufukidzwa nekudziya. Zvikonzero ndezvekutevera:

Land Plan Polit Dimensions yakabatana neChinzvimbo Isiriyo Yakasiyana Ekuputika Yematongero akabatana nemaPepa maviri echidimbu chakazara nehupamhi hwakakura kwazvo, achiita sekunyura kwekupisa.

4 - kupatsanura pakati pezvikamu
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzeresa PCB kukundikana hazvina kukwana nzvimbo pakati pezvikamu zvinotungamira mukunyanyisa. Space chiitiko chakaomarara, kunyanya mune nyaya dzakaomarara dzinofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya. Kuisa chimwe chinhu padyo kune zvimwe zvikamu zvinogona kuumba mhando dzakasiyana dzematambudziko, kuomarara kwezvino kungangoda shanduko kuPCB Dhizaini kana kugadzira nguva uye kutambisa nguva uye kuwanda kwemitengo.

Paunenge uchishandisa otomatiki musangano uye machina, ita shuwa chikamu chimwe nechimwe chakaringana kubva kuzvikamu zvemakirini, wedunhu wedunhu edunhu, uye zvimwe zvese zvikamu. Zvikamu izvo zvakanyanyisa pamwe chete kana kutenderera zvisiri izvo zvinobva matambudziko panguva yekuda kutengeswa. Semuenzaniso, kana chikamu chepamusoro chinotangira chikamu chakakura chepasi munzira inoteverwa nenzira inoteverwa nefungu, izvi zvinogona kuumba "mumvuri" zvinopera simba muWel. Dunhu rakabatanidzwa rakatenderedzwa perpendicular kune mumwe nemumwe richava nemhedzisiro yakafanana.

5 - Chinyorwa Chinyorwa chakagadziridzwa
Iyo bhiri rezvikamu (BOM) chinhu chakanyanya kutsoropodza muPCB Dhizaini uye Matanho Assembly. Muchokwadi, kana BOM ichine zvikanganiso kana zvisakarukwa, mugadziri anogona kumisa chikamu chegungano kusvikira nyaya idzi dzadzidziswa. Imwe nzira yekuona kuti bom inogara ichiruramisa uye kusvika parizvino ndeyekuitisa kunyatsoongororwa kweiyo bom nguva dzose iyo PCB Dhizaini yakagadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, kana chikamu chitsva chakawedzerwa kune yepakutanga chirongwa, iwe unofanirwa kuratidza kuti bom inogadziridzwa uye inowirirana nekupinda muchikamu chakaringana, tsananguro, uye kukosha.

6 - shandisa mapoinzi eDatum
Pfungwa dzerudo, dzinozivikanwawo semavara fiducucial, mashamba emhangura denderedzwa anoshandiswa seyakajeka emachina ekutora-uye-nzvimbo yekunaya. Fidicials inogonesa michina omutengo kuti uzive bhodhi yekutarisa uye nekunyatso bvuma gomba repasi pane quad flat pack (qfp), bhora grid (BGA)

Mafirizi akakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: epasi rose fiducial mamaki uye zvemunharaunda fiducial mamaki. Global Fiducial Makaki anoiswa pamipendero yePCB, kubvumira kutora uye kuisa michina kuti uone iyo bhodhi remutungamiri muXY ndege. Mazano emunharaunda akaiswa padyo nemakona ezvikamu zveSmd anoshandiswa neyekuisa muchina kuti chigadzikane pasi petsoka dzepamutemo, nekudaro kuderedza kukanganisa kwepamhepo pakati pegungano. Datum Pfungwa dzinotamba zvakakosha basa kana chirongwa chine zvakawanda zvikamu zviri pedyo nemumwe. Mufananidzo 2 unoratidza iyo yakaunganidzwa Arduino UNO Bhodhi neiyo mbiri dzepasi rese rondedzero yakaratidzwa mune tsvuku.