Nekuda kweiyo yakaoma maitiro ekugadzira PCB, mukuronga uye kuvaka kwehungwaru kugadzira, zvinodikanwa kufunga nezvebasa rakabatana rekuita uye manejimendi, uyezve kuita otomatiki, ruzivo uye hungwaru marongerwo.
Process classification
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwePCB layers, yakakamurwa kuita imwechete-side, kaviri-side, uye akawanda-layer board. Iwo matatu bhodhi maitiro haana kufanana.
Iko hakuna yemukati layer process ye single-sided and double-sided panels, kunyanya kucheka-kuchera-kutevera maitiro.
Multilayer mabhodhi achave nemaitiro emukati
1) Single panel process inoyerera
Kucheka nekuchekeresa
2) Kuyerera kwekaviri-mativi tin kupfapfaidza bhodhi
Kucheka kugaya → kuchera → kukora mhangura inorema → dhizaini rekunze → tin plating, etching tini kubviswa → kuchera kwechipiri → kuongorora → skrini inodhinda solder mask → goridhe-yakanamirwa plug → inopisa mhepo inoyera → sirika skrini mavara → kugadzirisa chimiro → kuyedza → bvunzo
3) Kaviri-sided nickel-goridhe plating process
Kucheka kugaya → kuchera → kukora mhangura inorema → dhizaini rekunze → nickel plating, kubviswa kwegoridhe uye kuseta → kuchera kwechipiri → kuongorora → skrini inodhinda solder mask → skrini inodhinda mavara → kugadzirisa chimiro → kuongorora → kuongorora
4) Multi-layer board tin spraying process inoyerera
Kucheka nekukuya → kuchera maburi ekumisikidza → magiraidhi emukati → dhizaini yemukati → kuongorora → kusviba → kuchenera → kuchera → kukora mhangura inorema → girafu rekunze → kupura tini, kubvisa tini → kuchera kwechipiri → kuongorora →Sirika sikirini solder -plated plug → Kupisa kwemhepo → Sirika skrini mavara → Shape kugadzirisa → Muedzo → Ongorora
5) Maitiro ekuyerera kwe nickel uye goridhe plating pamabhodhi akawanda
Kucheka nekukuya → kuchera makomba ekumisikidza → magiraidhi emukati → dhizaini yemukati → kuongorora → kusviba → kugadzika → kuchera → kukora mhangura inorema → girafu rekunze → kupura goridhe, kubvisa firimu nekuisa → kucheresa kwechipiri → kuongorora → Sikirini → kudhinda solder skrini inodhinda mavara → kugadzirisa chimiro → kuyedza → kuongorora
6) Maitiro ekuyerera kweakawanda-layer plate kunyudza nickel goridhe ndiro
Kucheka nekukuya → kuchera makomba ekumisikidza → magiraidhi emukati → dhizaini yemukati → kuongorora → kusviba → kuchenera → kuchera → kukora mhangura inorema → girafu rekunze → dhizaini rekunze → kupeta tini kubviswa → kuchera kwechipiri → kuongorora → Chemical screen solder Kunyudza nickel Goridhe → Sirika sikirini mavara → Shape kugadzirisa → Muedzo → Kuongorora
Inner layer production (graphic transfer)
Inner layer: yekucheka bhodhi, yemukati layer pre-processing, laminating, exposure, DES kubatana
Kucheka (Board Cut)
1) Kucheka bhodhi
Chinangwa: Cheka zvinhu zvakakura muhukuru hwakatsanangurwa neMI zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveodha (cheka substrate zvinhu kusvika saizi inodiwa nebasa zvinoenderana nekuronga zvinodiwa zve pre-kugadzirwa dhizaini)
Main raw materials: base plate, saw blade
Iyo substrate inogadzirwa nemhangura sheet uye insulating laminate. Kune akasiyana ukobvu nokurondedzerwa maererano zvinodiwa. Zvinoenderana nehupamhi hwemhangura, inogona kukamurwa kuita H/H, 1OZ/1OZ, 2OZ/2OZ, nezvimwe.
Zvekungwaririra:
a. Kuti udzivise kukanganisa kwebhodhi kumucheto barry pahutano, mushure mekucheka, mupendero uchave wakasvibiswa uye wakapoteredzwa.
b. Tichifunga nezvekukanganisa kwekuwedzera uye kuputika, bhodhi rekucheka rinobikwa risati ratumirwa kune nzira
c. Kucheka kunofanirwa kutarisisa kune musimboti wekuenderana kwema mechanical direction
Kucheka / kutenderera: mechanical polishing inoshandiswa kubvisa magirazi egirazi akasiiwa nemakona akarurama emativi mana ebhodhi panguva yekucheka, kuitira kuti kuderedza kukwenya / kukwenya pamusoro pebhodhi repamusoro mune inotevera kugadzirwa kwemaitiro, zvichikonzera zvakavanzika zvemhando matambudziko.
Baking ndiro: bvisa mhute yemvura uye organic volatiles nekubika, kuburitsa kushushikana kwemukati, kusimudzira kuchinjika-kubatanidza maitiro, uye kuwedzera dimensional kugadzikana, kugadzikana kwemakemikari uye simba remagetsi rendiro.
Kudzora nzvimbo:
Sheet zvinhu: saizi yepaneru, ukobvu, mhando yepepa, ukobvu hwemhangura
Kushanda: nguva yekubika / tembiricha, kukwirira kwakakwira
(2) Kugadzirwa kwemukati wemukati mushure mekucheka bhodhi
Basa uye musimboti:
Indiro yemukati yemhangura yakasvibiswa neplate yekukuya inoomeswa neplate yekukuya, uye mushure mokunge firimu yakaoma IW yakasungirirwa, inovhenekera neUV chiedza (ultraviolet rays), uye firimu yakaoma yakaoma inova yakaoma. Haikwanise kunyungudutswa mune alkali isina simba, asi inogona kunyungudika mune yakasimba alkali. Chikamu chisina kuvharwa chinogona kunyungudutswa mune alkali isina simba, uye dunhu remukati nderokushandisa maitiro ezvinyorwa kuendesa magiraidhi kunzvimbo yemhangura, ndiko kuti, kutamisa mufananidzo.
Detail
Iyo photosensitive initiator mukupikisa munzvimbo yakafumurwa inotora mafotoni uye inoora kuita mahara radicals. Iwo emahara radicals anotanga kuchinjika-inobatanidza kuita kwemamonomers kuumba spatial network macromolecular chimiro chisinganyungudika mu dilute alkali. Inonyungudika mu dilute alkali mushure mekuita.
Shandisa iyo miviri kuve neyakasiyana solubility zvivakwa mumhinduro imwe chete kuendesa pateni yakagadzirwa pane iyo isina kunaka kune substrate kuti upedze kuchinjisa mufananidzo).
Iyo yedunhu pateni inoda yakanyanya tembiricha uye humidity mamiriro, kazhinji inoda tembiricha ye22+/-3 ℃ uye humidity ye55+/-10% kudzivirira iyo firimu kubva pakukanganisa. Guruva riri mumhepo rinodiwa kuti rive rakakwirira. Sezvo kuwanda kwemitsara kunowedzera uye mitsetse inova diki, guruva remukati rinenge risingasviki kana kuenzana ne10,000 kana kupfuura.
Material sumo:
Dry film: Dry film photoresist for short is a water-soluble resist film. Ukobvu kazhinji 1.2mil, 1.5mil uye 2mil. Yakakamurwa kuita zvidimbu zvitatu: polyester inodzivirira firimu, polyethylene diaphragm uye photosensitive firimu. Basa re polyethylene diaphragm nderokudzivirira iyo yakapfava firimu barrier agent kuti isanamatira pamusoro peiyo polyethylene inodzivirira firimu panguva yekufambisa uye yekuchengetedza nguva yeakakungurutswa yakaoma firimu. Iyo firimu inodzivirira inogona kudzivirira iyo okisijeni kuti ipinde mukati meiyo barriers layer uye netsaona ichiita nemahara radicals mairi kukonzera photopolymerization. Iyo firimu yakaoma iyo isati yaitwa polymerized inoshambidzwa nyore nyore ne sodium carbonate solution.
Firimu rakanyorova: Firimu rakanyorova chinhu chimwe-chimwe chikamu chemvura-photosensitive firimu, rinonyanya kuumbwa nepamusoro-sensitizer resin, sensitizer, pigment, filler uye shoma shoma yekunyungudutsa. Iyo viscosity yekugadzira ndeye 10-15dpa.s, uye ine corrosion resistance uye electroplating resistance. , Nzira dzekuputira firimu dzakanyorova dzinosanganisira kudhindisa skrini uye kupfapfaidza.
Maitiro ekusuma:
Dry film imaging nzira, maitiro ekugadzira ndeaya anotevera:
Pre-treatment-lamination-exposure-development-etching-film kubvisa
Pretreate
Chinangwa: Bvisa zvinosvibisa panzvimbo yemhangura, senge grease oxide layer uye zvimwe zvitsvina, uye wedzera kushata kwemhangura yemhangura kuti ifambise iyo inotevera lamination process.
Main raw material: brush vhiri
Pre-processing nzira:
(1) Sandblasting uye nzira yokukuya
(2) Kemikari kurapwa nzira
(3) Mechanical kugaya nzira
Musimboti wemushonga wekurapa makemikari: Shandisa zvinhu zvemakemikari zvakaita seSPS nezvimwe zvine acidic kuruma zvakafanana pamusoro pemhangura kubvisa tsvina yakaita segirizi nemaokisi pamusoro pemhangura.
Kemikari kuchenesa:
Shandisa alkaline mhinduro kubvisa tsvina yemafuta, zvigunwe uye imwe organic tsvina pamusoro pemhangura, wobva washandisa acid solution kubvisa iyo oxide layer uye inodzivirira yekudzivirira pane yepakutanga yemhangura substrate isingadzivisi mhangura kubva pakuiswa oxidized, uye pakupedzisira ita micro- etching kurapwa kuti uwane yakaoma firimu Yakazara roughened pamusoro ane yakanakisa adhesion zvivakwa.
Kudzora nzvimbo:
a. Kukuya kumhanya (2.5-3.2mm/min)
b. Pfeka vanga upamhi (500 # tsono bhurasho pfeka vanga upamhi: 8-14mm, 800 # jira risiri rakarukwa pfeka vanga upamhi: 8-16mm), mvura chigayo bvunzo, kuomesa tembiricha (80-90 ℃)
Lamination
Chinangwa: Namira anti-corrosive yakaoma firimu pamusoro pemhangura pamusoro peyakagadziriswa substrate kuburikidza nekutsikirira kupisa.
Main raw materials: yakaoma firimu, solution imaging type, semi-aqueous imaging type, mvura-soluble yakaoma firimu inonyanya kuumbwa neorganic acid radicals, iyo ichaita neine alkali yakasimba kuti iite organic acid radicals. Nyunguduka.
Nheyo: Rongedza firimu rakaoma (firimu): tanga wabvisa firimu rekudzivirira re polyethylene kubva mufirimu yakaoma, uye wozoisa firimu rakaoma rinopikisa pabhodhi rakaputirwa nemhangura pasi pekupisa uye kumanikidzwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu, kuramba mufirimu yakaoma Iyo firimu inonyoroveswa. kupisa uye kubuda kwayo kunowedzera. Iyo firimu inopedzwa nekumanikidzwa kweanopisa anopisa roller uye chiito chekunamatira mukupikisa.
Zvinhu zvitatu zve reel yakaoma firimu: kumanikidza, tembiricha, kumhanya kwekutapurirana
Kudzora nzvimbo:
a. Kumhanya kwemafirimu (1.5+/- 0.5m/min), kudzvanywa kwemafirimu (5+/-1kg/cm2), tembiricha yekupfura (110+/——10 ℃), tembiricha yekubuda (40-60 ℃)
b. Wet film coating: inki viscosity, kumhanya kwekuvhara, kukobvu kwekuputira, pre-kubika nguva / tembiricha (5-10 maminetsi kune rekutanga, 10-20 maminetsi kune yechipiri chikamu)
Kusadziviririka
Chinangwa: Shandisa mwenje sosi kuendesa chifananidzo pane yekutanga firimu kune iyo photosensitive substrate.
Main raw materials: Iyo firimu inoshandiswa mukati memukati mefirimu ifirimu risina kunaka, kureva kuti, chikamu chichena chinotumira chiedza chinonzi polymerized, uye chikamu chitema chakajeka uye hachiiti. Iyo firimu inoshandiswa mumucheka wekunze ifirimu yakanaka, iyo inopesana nefirimu inoshandiswa mukati memukati.
Nheyo yekuratidzwa kwefirimu yakaoma: Iyo photosensitive initiator mukupikisa munzvimbo yakafumurwa inotora mafotoni uye inoora kuita mahara radicals. Iwo emahara radicals anotanga muchinjika-inobatanidza maitiro emamonomers kuti aumbe spatial network macromolecular chimiro chisinganyungudika mu dilute alkali.
Kudzora mapoinzi: kurongeka chaiko, kuratidzwa simba, kuratidzwa kwemwenje mutongi (6-8 giredhi rekuvhara firimu), nguva yekugara.
Developing
Chinangwa: Shandisa lye kushambidza chikamu chemufirimu wakaoma usina kumboitwa kemikari.
Main raw material: Na2CO3
Iyo yakaoma firimu isina kuita polymerization inoshambidzwa, uye firimu rakaoma iro rakaitwa polymerization rinochengetwa pamusoro pebhodhi sechidziviriro chekudzivirira panguva yekucheka.
Nheyo yekuvandudza: Mapoka anoshanda muchikamu chisina kuvhurika chemufirimu wefotosensitive anoita nemushonga wealkali we dilute kuti abudise zvinhu zvinonyungudika nekunyunguduka, zvichibva zvanyungudutsa chikamu chisina kuvhurika, nepo firimu rakaoma rechikamu chakafumurwa chisati chanyungudika.