Izvi zvinorevei kune yakakwirira-kumhanya PCB indasitiri?
Chekutanga pane zvese, kana uchigadzira uye nekugadzira PCB stacks, zvinhu zvemukati zvinofanirwa kukosheswa. 5G PCBs dzinofanirwa kusangana nezvose zvakatemwa pakutakura uye kugamuchira chiratidzo chekufambisa, kupa magetsi ekubatanidza, nekupa kutonga kune mamwe mabasa. Uye zvakare, PCB dhizaini matambudziko anozoda kugadziriswa, sekuchengetedza siginecha kutendeseka pakumhanya kwepamusoro, kutonga kwemafuta, uye maitiro ekudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemagetsi (EMI) pakati pedata nemabhodhi.
Musanganiswa chiratidzo kugamuchira redunhu bhodhi dhizaini
Nhasi, masisitimu mazhinji ari kubata ne4G uye 3G PCBs. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chikamu chekutumira uye kugamuchira frequency renji ndeye 600 MHz kusvika 5.925 GHz, uye bandwidth chiteshi ndeye 20 MHz, kana 200 kHz yeIoT masisitimu. Paunenge uchigadzira maPCB e5G network masisitimu, zvikamu izvi zvinoda millimeter wave frequencies ye28 GHz, 30 GHz kana kunyange 77 GHz, zvichienderana nekushandiswa. Kune bandwidth chiteshi, 5G masisitimu achagadzira 100MHz pazasi 6GHz uye 400MHz pamusoro pe6GHz.
Aya mamhanyiro epamusoro uye mafambiro epamusoro achada kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakakodzera muPCB kubata panguva imwe chete uye kutumira masaini epasi uye epamusoro pasina kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye EMI. Rimwe dambudziko nderekuti michina inozoreruka, inotakurika, uye diki. Nekuda kwehuremu hwakasimba, saizi uye zvipingamupinyi zvemunzvimbo, PCB zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuchinjika uye zvisingaremi kuti zvigadzirire ese mamicroelectronic midziyo pabhodhi redunhu.
Kune PCB yemhangura inoteedzera, mitete yakatetepa uye yakasimba impedance control inofanirwa kuteverwa. Iyo yechinyakare subtractive etching process inoshandiswa ku3G uye 4G high-speed PCBs inogona kuchinjirwa kune yakagadziridzwa semi-yekuwedzera maitiro. Aya akagadziridzwa semi-yekuwedzera maitiro anozopa mamwe chaiwo maronda uye madziro akatwasuka.
The material base iri kuvandudzwa zvakare. Makambani akadhindwa ebhodhi redunhu ari kudzidza zvinhu zvine dielectric zvinogara zvakaderera se3, nekuti chiyero chemidziyo yemaPCB akaderera kazhinji 3.5 kusvika 5.5. Yakasimba girazi fiber braid, yakaderera kurasikirwa chinhu kurasikirwa zvinhu uye yakaderera mbiri mhangura ichavawo sarudzo yepamusoro-kumhanya PCB yemasaini edhijitari, nekudaro kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo nekuvandudza kutendeseka kwechiratidzo.
EMI kudzivirira dambudziko
EMI, crosstalk uye parasitic capacitance ndiwo matambudziko makuru emabhodhi edunhu. Kuti ubate ne crosstalk uye EMI nekuda kweanalog uye dijitari frequencies pabhodhi, zvinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kuparadzanisa maronda. Iko kushandiswa kwemabhodhi akawanda kunopa zviri nani kuita zvakasiyana-siyana kuti uone nzira yekuisa yakakwira yekumhanya kuitira kuti nzira dzeanalogi uye masaini ekudzoka edhijitari achengetedzwe kure kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uchichengeta AC uye DC maseketi akaparadzana. Kuwedzera kudzivirira uye kusefa kana uchiisa zvikamu kunofanirawo kuderedza huwandu hweEMI chaiyo paPCB.
Kuti uone kuti hapana chakaremara uye akakomba mapfupi maseketi kana akavhurika maseketi pamusoro pemhangura, yakakwira otomatiki optical inspection system (AIO) ine mabasa epamusoro uye 2D metrology ichashandiswa kutarisa conductor traces uye kuyera iwo. Aya matekinoroji achabatsira vagadziri vePCB kutsvaga njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzechiratidzo.
Thermal manejimendi matambudziko
Kumhanya kwechiratidzo chepamusoro kuchaita kuti ikozvino kuburikidza nePCB ibudise kupisa kwakawanda. PCB zvinhu zve dielectric zvinhu uye core substrate layers zvinozoda kubata zvakaringana kumhanya kwakanyanya kunodiwa ne5G tekinoroji. Kana zvinhu zvacho zvisina kukwana, zvinogona kukonzera kuronda kwemhangura, kusvuura, kupera uye kupeta, nekuti matambudziko aya achaita kuti PCB iparare.
Kuti utsungirire tembiricha idzi dzepamusoro, vagadziri vanozoda kutarisisa kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinogadzirisa kupisa conductivity uye thermal coefficient nyaya. Zvishandiso zvine high thermal conductivity, yakanakisa kupisa kupisa, uye inopindirana dielectric constant zvinofanirwa kushandiswa kugadzira yakanaka PCB yekupa ese e5G maficha anodiwa kune iyi application.