Mune PCB yekugadzira maitiro, iyo yepamusoro kurapwa maitiro inhanho yakakosha. Izvo hazvingokanganisa kutaridzika kwePCB chete, asi zvakare yakanangana nekushanda, kuvimbika uye kusimba kwePCB. Iyo nzira yekurapa yepamusoro inogona kupa chidziviriro chekudzivirira kudzivirira kukora kwemhangura, kuwedzera mashandiro ekutengesa, uye kupa yakanaka magetsi ekudzivirira zvivakwa. Izvi zvinotevera kuongororwa kweakawanda akajairwa pamusoro pekurapa maitiro muPCB kugadzirwa.
一.HASL (Hot Air Smoothing)
Hot air planarization (HASL) itsika PCB pamusoro pekurapa tekinoroji inoshanda nekunyudza iyo PCB musimbi yakanyungudutswa/lead alloy uyezve kushandisa mhepo inopisa "kuronga" pamusoro kugadzira yunifomu yesimbi yesimbi. Iyo HASL maitiro inodhura-yakaderera uye yakakodzera kune akasiyana PCB kugadzira, asi inogona kunge iine matambudziko nemapedhi asina kuenzana uye isingaenderane simbi coating ukobvu.
二.ENIG (makemikari nickel goridhe)
Electroless nickel gold (ENIG) inzira inoisa nickel negoridhe layer pamusoro pePCB. Kutanga, nzvimbo yemhangura inocheneswa uye inoshandiswa, ipapo hutete hwakatsetseka hwe nickel hunoiswa kuburikidza nekemikari inotsiva reaction, uye pakupedzisira dhizaini yegoridhe inoputirwa pamusoro peiyo nickel layer. Iyo ENIG maitiro inopa yakanaka yekubata kuramba uye kupfeka kuramba uye inokodzera maapplication ane yakakwirira kuvimbika zvinodiwa, asi mutengo wakakwira.
三、makemikari goridhe
Kemikari Goridhe inoisa nhete yegoridhe yakananga paPCB pamusoro. Maitiro aya anowanzo shandiswa mumashandisirwo asingade soldering, senge radio frequency (RF) uye microwave maseketi, nekuti goridhe inopa yakanakisa conductivity uye corrosion resistance. Kemikari goridhe inodhura zvishoma pane ENIG, asi haina kupfeka-inomira se ENIG.
四, OSP (organic inodzivirira firimu)
Organic protective film (OSP) inzira inoumba firimu rakatetepa pamhangura kudzivirira mhangura kubva kune oxidizing. OSP ine maitiro akareruka uye mutengo wakaderera, asi dziviriro yainopa haina kusimba uye yakakodzera kuchengetedza kwenguva pfupi uye kushandiswa kwePCBs.
五、Ndarama yakaoma
Goridhe Yakaoma inzira inoisa gobvu regoridhe paPCB pamusoro kuburikidza ne electroplating. Goridhe rakaomarara rinoramba kupera kupfuura kemikari goridhe uye rakakodzera majoini anoda kugara achi plugging nekuburitsa kana maPCB anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma. Ndarama yakaoma inodhura kupfuura kemikari goridhe asi inopa kuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu.
六、Kunyudza Sirivha
Kunyudzwa Silver inzira yekuisa sirivheri layer pamusoro pePCB. Sirivha ine yakanaka conductivity uye reflectivity, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kuoneka uye infrared application. Mutengo wekunyudzwa kwesirivheri maitiro ane mwero, asi sirivheri layer inoputika nyore uye inoda mamwe matanho ekudzivirira.
七、Kunyudza Tin
Kunyudza Tin inzira yekuisa tin layer pamusoro pePCB. Iyo tin layer inopa yakanaka soldering zvivakwa uye kumwe kupikisa kusimba. Iyo yekunyudza tin process yakachipa, asi tin layer iri nyore oxidized uye kazhinji inoda imwe yekuwedzera yekudzivirira.
八、Kutungamira-Yemahara HASL
Lead-Yemahara HASL ndeye RoHS-inoenderana HASL maitiro anoshandisa lead-isina tin/sirivha/copper alloy kutsiva yechinyakare tin/lead alloy. Iyo inotungamira-isina HASL maitiro inopa kuita kwakafanana kune yechinyakare HASL asi inosangana nezvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza.
Kune akasiyana maitiro ekurapa epamusoro mukugadzirwa kwePCB, uye yega yega ine mabhenefiti ayo akasiyana uye mamiriro ekushandisa. Kusarudza nzira yakakodzera yekurapa kwepamusoro kunoda kutarisisa nharaunda yekushandisa, mashandiro ekuita, mutengo bhajeti uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zviyero zvePCB. Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yemagetsi, maitiro matsva ekurapa epasi ari kuramba achibuda, achipa vanogadzira PCB dzimwe sarudzo dzekusangana nekuchinja kudiwa kwemusika.