Mukuita miniaturization uye kuomesera kwemidziyo yemazuva ano yemagetsi, PCB (yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi) inoita basa rakakosha. Sebhiriji pakati pezvikamu zvemagetsi, PCB inovimbisa kufambiswa kunobudirira kwezviratidzo uye kugadzikana kwesimba. Zvisinei, panguva yekugadzirwa kwayo kwakanyatsonaka uye kwakaoma, kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana kunoitika nguva nenguva, kunokanganisa kushanda uye kuvimbika kwezvigadzirwa. Ichi chinyorwa chichakurukura newe maitiro akajairika ekuremara kwePCB edunhu mabhodhi uye zvikonzero zviri shure kwavo, ichipa yakadzama "hutano cheki" gwara rekugadzira nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.
1. Dunhu pfupi uye dunhu rakazaruka
Chikonzero chekuongorora:
Dhizaini Zvikanganiso: Kuregeredza panguva yekugadzira chikamu, senge yakasimba nzira yekufamba kana nyaya dzekugadzirisa pakati pematanho, zvinogona kutungamira kune zvikabudura kana kuvhura.
Kugadzira maitiro: Kusakwana etching, kudhirowa kutsauka kana solder kuramba kusara padhi kunogona kukonzera kupfupika kana kuvhurika dunhu.
2. Solder mask defects
Chikonzero chekuongorora:
Kupfeka kusina kuenzana: Kana iyo solder ichipikisa ichigoverwa zvisina kuenzana panguva yekuputira, foil yemhangura inogona kubudiswa pachena, ichiwedzera njodzi yemapfupi mafupi.
Kurapa kusina kunaka: Kudzora kusina kunaka kwekupisa kwekubikira kana nguva kunokonzera kuti solder irege kukundikana kunyatsorapa, inokanganisa kuchengetedza kwayo uye kusimba.
3. Yakaremara sirika sikirini kudhinda
Chikonzero chekuongorora:
Kurongeka kwekudhinda: Muchina wekudhinda sikirini hauna kunyatsokwana kana kushanda kwakashata, zvichikonzera kusajeka, kushaikwa kana kudzima mavara.
Nyaya dzemhando yeinki: Kushandiswa kweinki yakaderera kana kusawirirana pakati peinki neplate kunokanganisa kujeka uye kunamatira kweiyo logo.
4. Hurema hwegomba
Chikonzero chekuongorora:
Drilling deviation: drill bit kupfeka kana kusamira zvakanaka kunoita kuti gomba dhayamita rive hombe kana kutsauka kubva pane yakagadzirirwa.
Kubviswa kweglue kusina kukwana: Iyo yakasara resin mushure mekuchera haina kubviswa zvachose, izvo zvinokanganisa hunotevera welding kunaka uye kushanda kwemagetsi.
5. Interlayer kupatsanurwa uye kupupa furo
Chikonzero chekuongorora:
Thermal stress: Kupisa kwepamusoro panguva ye reflow soldering process kunogona kukonzera kusawirirana mukuwedzera coefficients pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana, zvichikonzera kupatsanurwa pakati pezvikamu.
Kupinda kwehunyoro: Underbaked PCBs inotora hunyoro isati yasangana, ichigadzira mabhubhu eutsi panguva yekunyungudika, zvichiita kuti mukati.
6. Kusapfeka zvakanaka
Chikonzero chekuongorora:
Kusaenzana plating: Kusaenzana kugovera kwe density yazvino kana kusagadzikana kuumbwa kwemushonga weplating kunokonzeresa kusaenzana kwehupfu hwemhangura, zvichikanganisa conductivity uye solderability.
Kusvibiswa: Kusachena kwakawandisa mumushonga weplating kunokanganisa kunaka kwekuputira uye kutoburitsa mapinikoni kana nzvimbo dzakashama.
Solution strategy:
Mukupindura kukanganiswa kuri pamusoro, matanho anotorwa anosanganisira asi haana kugumira ku:
Yakagadziridzwa Dhizaini: Shandisa yepamusoro CAD software yekunyatso dhizaini uye pinda yakaoma DFM (Dzaini Yekugadzira) ongororo.
Kuvandudza maitiro ekutonga: Simbisa kutarisa panguva yekugadzira maitiro, sekushandisa yakakwirira-chaiyo michina uye kunyatso kudzora maitiro maparamita.
Sarudzo yezvishandiso uye manejimendi: Sarudza zvemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa uye uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza zvakanaka kudzivirira zvinhu kubva pakunyorova kana kuparara.
Kuongorora kwemhando yepamusoro: Itai hurongwa hwakazara hwekutonga kwemhando, kusanganisira AOI (otomatiki optical inspection), kuongorora kweX-ray, nezvimwewo, kuona nekugadzirisa zvakakanganisika nenguva.
Nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvakajairwa PCB redunhu bhodhi kukanganisa uye zvinokonzeresa, vagadziri vanogona kutora matanho anoshanda ekudzivirira matambudziko aya, nekudaro vachivandudza goho rechigadzirwa uye kuve nechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo yemagetsi. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi, kune matambudziko mazhinji mumunda wekugadzira PCB, asi kuburikidza nekutonga kwesainzi uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, matambudziko aya ari kukundwa rimwe nerimwe.