O le laupapa matagaluega e mafai ona taʻua o se laupapa matagaluega lolomi po o se laupapa matagaluega lolomi, ma le igoa Igilisi o le PCB. O le tu'ufa'atasiga o vai otaota PCB e lavelave ma faigata ona togafitia. E fa'afefea ona aveese lelei mea leaga ma fa'aitiitia le fa'aleagaina o le si'osi'omaga o se galuega tele o lo'o feagai ma le pisinisi PCB a lo'u atunu'u.
PCB wastewater o PCB wastewater, o se ituaiga o otaota otaota i le otaota mai le fale lomitusi ma fale gaosi laupapa matagaluega. I le taimi nei, o le gaosiga faaletausaga a le lalolagi o otaota oona ma matautia vailaau e oo atu i le 300 i le 400 miliona tone. Faatasi ai ma ia mea, o mea eleelea tumau (POPs) e sili ona afaina i le siʻosiʻomaga ma sili ona salalau i luga o le fogaeleele. E le gata i lea, ua vaevaeina le vai lafoai o le PCB i: Faʻamamaina o vai otaota, vaitusi vaitusi, vai faʻalavelave faʻalavelave, faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi vailaʻau faʻamaʻi, faʻamaʻi alkali vai otaota, ma isi mea. ma vaega lavelave. E tusa ai ma uiga o le suavai leaga o gaosi PCB eseese, faavasegaina talafeagai ma le aoina ma le lelei togafitiga o le ki i le faamautinoaina o otaota otaota e ausia tulaga faatonuina.
Mo le suavai otaota i totonu o le alamanuia laupapa PCB, o loʻo i ai metotia vailaʻau (vaivai vailaʻau, fesuiaiga o ion, electrolysis, ma isi), auala faʻaletino (tulaga eseese, auala filtration, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, ma isi). O metotia fa'a vaila'au o lo'o fa'aliliuina mea filogia i se tulaga faigofie ona tu'ueseeseina (malosi pe kasa). O le auala fa'aletino o le fa'atamaoaigaina lea o mea filogia i totonu o le suavai leaga po'o le tu'ueseeseina o le tulaga e faigofie ona tu'ueseeseina mai le suavai leaga e fa'amalieina ai le suavai leaga ma le tulaga fa'ata'atia. O auala nei e faʻaaogaina i totonu ma fafo.
1. auala fa'au'uga
O le auala decantation e moni lava o se auala filtration, lea o se tasi o auala faaletino i le laupapa PCB laupapa alamanuia auala togafitiga otaota. O le vai fa'afefe o lo'o i ai fasi 'apa kopa na fa'ate'a mai le masini fa'amama e mafai ona fa'amama e aveese ai fasi 'apamemea pe a uma ona togafitia e se decanter. E mafai ona toe fa'aaogaina le otaota e fa'amama e le decanter e fai ma vai fa'amama o le masini burr.
2. Tulafono tau vailaau
Metotia vaila'au e aofia ai oxidation-fa'aitiitia metotia ma vailaau fa'amama auala. O le oxidation-reduction method e faʻaaogaina ai vailaʻau faʻamaʻi poʻo faʻaitiitia mea e faʻaliliu ai mea leaga i mea e le afaina poʻo mea e faigofie ona faʻafefe ma faʻafefe. Ole vai lapisi o loʻo i ai le cyanide ma le chromium o loʻo i totonu o le laupapa faʻasalalau e masani ona faʻaogaina le auala faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, vaʻai le faʻamatalaga o loʻo i lalo mo faʻamatalaga.
Ole auala ole su'eina ole vaila'au e fa'aogaina ai se tasi po'o le tele o vaila'au e fa'aliliu ai mea fa'aleagaina i ni palapala e faigofie ona tu'u eseese. E tele ituaiga o vailaʻau vailaʻau faʻaaogaina i le faʻaogaina o vai otaota, e pei o le NaOH, CaO, Ca (OH) 2, Na2S, CaS, Na2CO3, PFS, PAC, PAM, FeSO4, FeCl3, ISX, ma isi. liliu ion u'amea mamafa i totonu O le palapala e pasi atu i le fa'alili ipu fa'apalapala tane, faamama oneone, faamama PE, lolomi fa'amama, ma isi mea e vavae'ese ai le malo ma le vai.
3. Fuafuaga vaila'au fa'afesuia'i auala
Togafitiga vailaʻau faʻamaʻi o le eletise eletise eletise eletise e faigata ona faʻafetaui le tulaga faʻasalalau i le laasaga e tasi, ma e masani ona faʻaaogaina faʻatasi ma le fesuiaiga o ion. Muamua, faʻaaoga metotia faʻafefeteina e togafitia ai le maualuga o le eletise laupapa eletise e faʻaitiitia ai mea o loʻo i totonu o le uʻamea mamafa e tusa ma le 5mg / L, ona faʻaaoga lea o le faʻaogaina o le auala e faʻaitiitia ai ion uʻamea mamafa e lafoaʻi tulaga.
4. auala e fesuiai ai le electrolysis-ion
Faatasi ai ma le otaota otaota metotia i totonu o le PCB laupapa alamanuia, o le auala electrolysis e togafitia ai le maualuga-concentration laupapa matagaluega otaota e mafai ona faaitiitia le anotusi o ions uʻamea mamafa, ma o lona faamoemoega e tutusa ma le auala kemisi precipitation. Ae ui i lea, o le le lelei o le auala electrolysis e: e naʻo le aoga mo le togafitiga o ions mamafa mamafa maualuga, faʻaitiitia le faʻaogaina, faʻaitiitia le taimi nei, ma faʻavaivaia le malosi; o le faʻaaogaina o le eletise e tele, ma e faigata ona faʻalauiloa; le auala electrolysis e mafai ona na o se uamea se tasi. Electrolysis-ion exchange method is copper plateing, etching waste liquid, mo isi vai otaota, ae faʻaaoga foi isi auala e togafitia ai.
5. metotia kemisi-membrane filtration metotia
Le vai otaota o pisinisi pisinisi laupapa PCB ua pretreated chemically e precipitate vaega faamama (diameter> 0.1μ) mai mea leaga, ona faamama lea e ala i se masini faamama membrane e ausia tulaga emission.
6. kasa condensation-eletisi filtration auala
I totonu o le otaota otaota metotia i totonu o le PCB laupapa alamanuia, o le kasa condensation-eletisi filtration metotia o se tala otaota otaota togafitiga auala e aunoa ma vailaau atiina ae e le Iunaite Setete i le 1980s. Ose auala fa'aletino e togafitia ai vai leaga o laupapa fa'asalalau. E tolu vaega. O le vaega muamua o se afi kasa fa'aionisa. E mitiia le ea i totonu o le afi afi, ma e mafai ona suia lona fausaga fa'amaneta e se fa'amaneta fa'a-ionizing e avea ma niona okesene fa'amaneta ma ni ionni nitrogen. O lenei kesi e togafitia i se masini jet. Faʻafeiloaʻi i totonu o le vai otaota, o uʻamea uʻamea, mea faʻalaʻau ma isi mea leaga i totonu o le vai otaota e faʻamaʻi ma faʻapipiʻiina, lea e faigofie ona faamama ma aveese; o le vaega lona lua o se faamama electrolyte, lea e faʻamama ma aveese mea faʻapipiʻi na gaosia i le vaega muamua; o le vaega lona tolu o le maualuga-saosaoa ultraviolet Irradiation masini, ultraviolet ave i totonu o le vai e mafai ona oxidize organics ma vailaau faʻalavelave faʻalavelave, faʻaitiitia le CODcr ma le BOD5. I le taimi nei, o se seti atoa o meafaigaluega tuʻufaʻatasia ua atiaʻe mo le faʻaogaina saʻo.