1. Umuti mberekwibizaumuringa 

1). Burring

Igikorwa cyo gucukura substrate mbere yo kurohama umuringa biroroshye kubyara burr, kikaba aricyo kaga gakomeye kihishe kubwo gutobora umwobo muto. Igomba gukemurwa nubuhanga bwo gutesha agaciro. Mubisanzwe hakoreshejwe imashini, kuburyo umwobo wuruzitiro nurukuta rwimbere rudafite uruzitiro cyangwa umwobo uhagarika ibintu.

1). Gutesha agaciro

2). Gutunganya nabi:

Iremeza cyane cyane imbaraga zihuza hagati yicyuma na matrix.

3)Gutangiza ubuvuzi:

"Ikigo cyo gutangiza" nyamukuru cyakozwe kugirango umuringa ushyirwe hamwe

1. Impamvu y'urukuta rw'umwobo rutwikiriye:

1)Umuhogo wo gutwikira urukuta rwatewe na PTH

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(2) ubushyuhe bwikigega

(3) Kugenzura ibikorwa byamazi

(4) Gusukura ubushyuhe

(5) gukoresha ubushyuhe, kwibanda hamwe nigihe cya pore yose

(6) Ubushyuhe bwa serivisi, kwibanda hamwe nigihe cyo kugabanya umukozi

(7) Oscillators na swing

2)Ihererekanyabubasha ryatewe nurukuta rwo gutwikira

(1) Isahani yo kubanziriza

(2) kole isigaye ya orifice

(3) Microcorrosion yo kwitegura

3)Isahani yerekana amashusho yatewe nurukuta

(1) Igishushanyo mbonera cya electroplating microetching

(2) amabati (kuyobora amabati) gutatanya nabi

Hariho ibintu byinshi bitera umwobo utwikiriye, ibisanzwe ni umwobo wa PTH, mugucunga ibipimo bifatika birashobora kugabanya neza umusaruro wumwobo wa PTH. Ariko ibindi bintu ntibishobora kwirengagizwa, gusa binyuze mubukurikiranira hafi, kugirango wumve icyateye umwobo utwikiriye nibiranga inenge, kugirango ikibazo gikemuke mugihe gikwiye kandi gikwiye, gukomeza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa