Nyuma yibishushanyo byose bya PCB byateguwe, mubisanzwe bitwara intambwe yingenzi yintambwe yanyuma - Shira umuringa.
None se kuki utuma umuringa urangiye? Ntushobora kubishyira hasi gusa?
Kuri PCB, uruhare rwurugero rwumuringa ni benshi, nko kugabanya ingaruka zubutaka no kunoza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubutegetsi; Ihujwe n'insinga z'ubutaka, gabanya agace; Kandi ufashe mugukonje, nibindi.
1, Umuringa urashobora kugabanya impetance yubutaka, kimwe no gutanga uburinzi no guhagarika urusaku.
Hano hari imigezi myinshi yimpande nyinshi mumuzunguruko, niko bikenewe cyane kugabanya impenge. Umuringa urambitse nuburyo busanzwe bwo kugabanya impeta.
Umuringa urashobora kugabanya kurwanya insinga zubutaka mu kongera igice cyambukiranya igice cyinkwi zubutaka. Cyangwa kugabanya uburebure bwinsinga zubutaka, gabanya inducance yinsinga zubutaka, bityo bikagabanye ingaruka zinsinga zubutaka; Urashobora kandi kugenzura ubushobozi bwisi bwirebe yubutaka, kugirango ubushobozi bwo kubona ubushobozi bwimigozi bwiyongereye mu buryo bukwiriye, kugirango muteze imbere imikorere yubutaka no kugabanya impengamire yinsinga zubutaka.
Agace gato k'umuringa cyangwa umuringa birashobora kandi gukingira uruhare rukingira, bifasha kugabanya kwivanga kw'ikidoti, kunoza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya electhiit, kandi byujuje ibisabwa na EMC.
Byongeye kandi, kumuzunguruko muremure, urupapuro rwumuringa rutanga inzira yuzuye yo kugaruka kuri sisitemu yo hejuru, bityo ikagabanya intwaro yumuyoboro wa DC, bityo bigatuma umutekano wa DC, bityo bigatuma umutekano no kuzamura umutekano no kwizerwa byo kwanduza ibimenyetso.
2, shyira umuringa urashobora kunoza ubushobozi bwo gutandukana bwa PCB
Usibye kugabanya impengence yubutaka mu ishusho ya PCB, umuringa urashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutandukanya ubushyuhe.
Nkuko twese tubizi, ibyuma biroroshye gukora ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nubushyuhe, niba rero PCB yashyizwemo umuringa, ikinyuranyo cyo gutandukana gifite ibyuma bihurira, bityo ahantu habigizemo ibice byiyongera, niko byoroshye gutandukanya ubushyuhe bwinama yububiko bwa PCB muri rusange.
Gushyira umuringa nabyo bifasha gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, bubuza kurema ahantu hashyushye. Mugukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ku kibaho cyose cya PCB, ubushyuhe bwaho burashobora kugabanuka, ubushyuhe bwa Gradeent yo ku bushyuhe bushobora kugabanuka, kandi ubushyuhe burashobora kunozwa.
Kubwibyo, muri PCB igishushanyo, shyira umuringa birashobora gukoreshwa mugutandukanya ubushyuhe muburyo bukurikira:
Shushanya ahantu hatandukanijwe ubushyuhe: Ukurikije ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushyuhe ku kibaho cya PCB, mu buryo bwo gutandukana mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro muri utwo turere kugirango wongere ubushyuhe bwo gutandukana n'ubushyuhe.
Ongera umubyimba wumuringa: Kongera umubyimba wumuringa mubushyuhe burashobora kongera inzira yubushyuhe kandi utezimbere itandukaniro ryubushyuhe.
Shushanya itandukaniro ryubushyuhe binyuze mu mwobo: suzuma amashuri yubushyuhe ukoresheje umwobo mu gace karimo ubushyuhe, no kwimura ubushyuhe kurundi ruhande rw'inama yo gutandukana no kuzamura ubushyuhe no guteza imbere ubushyuhe.
Ongeraho ubushyuhe: Ongeraho ubushyuhe mu gace ko gutandukana k'ubushyuhe, kwimura ubushyuhe ku mwobo, hanyuma ugatandukanya ubushyuhe binyuze mu kanwa kamere cyangwa ubushyuhe bw'umufana kurohama.
3, shyira umuringa urashobora kugabanya uburyo bwo guhindura no kunoza ubuziranenge bwa PCB
Urupapuro rw'umuringa rushobora gufasha kurinda kimwe kimwe n'amashanyarazi, kugabanya ibyapa mugihe cyo kubura, cyane cyane kuri PCB ebyiri cyangwa kunoza PCB yo gukora neza ya PCB.
Niba gukwirakwiza umuringa mubice bimwe na bimwe birarenze urugero, kandi kugabura mubice bimwe ni bike, bizaganisha ku gukwirakwiza ikibaho kitaringaniye, kandi umuringa urashobora kugabanya ikinyuranyo cyose.
4, kugirango uhuze ibikenewe byibikoresho bidasanzwe.
Kubikoresho bimwe byihariye, nkibikoresho bisaba ibisabwa cyangwa bidasanzwe byo kwishyiriraho, gusiga umuringa birashobora gutanga ingingo zinyongera hamwe ninkunga zifatika, kuzamura umutekano no kwizerwa kubikoresho.
Kubwibyo, ukurikije ibyiza byavuzwe haruguru, mubihe byinshi, abashushanya elegitoronike bazashyira umuringa ku kibaho cya PCB.
Ariko, gutwika umuringa ntabwo ari igice gikenewe cyo gushushanya pcb.
Rimwe na rimwe, gushyira umuringa ntibishobora kuba bikwiye cyangwa bishoboka. Hano haribintu bimwe umuringa utagomba gukwirakwizwa:
A), umurongo w'ikimenyetso kinini:
Ku mirongo myinshi yerekana imirongo, shyira umuringa irashobora kumenyekanisha ubushobozi bwinyongera na Indumu, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yo kwandura ibimenyetso. Mu muzunguruko mwinshi, mubisanzwe ni ngombwa kugenzura uburyo bwo kwibira bwisi yisi no kugabanya inzira yo gusubiza insinga zubutaka, aho kuba umuringa mwinshi.
Kurugero, kura umuringa birashobora kugira ingaruka kubimenyetso bya antenna. Gushyira umuringa mukarere gakikije antenne biroroshye gutera ikimenyetso cyegeranijwe nikimenyetso gifite intege nke kugirango ubone kwivanga binini. Ikimenyetso cya Antenna kirakomeye cyane mumirongo ya amplifier igenamiye, kandi intera yo gutwika umuringa izagira ingaruka kumikorere yumuzunguruko wa amplifier. Agace rero gakikije igice cya Antenna ntabwo gitwikiriwe n'umuringa.
B), ikibaho cyumuzunguruko mwinshi:
Kubibaho byinshi byumuzunguruko, gushyira umuringa birenze urugero bishobora gutera imirongo migufi cyangwa ibibazo byubutaka hagati yumurongo, bigira ingaruka mubikorwa bisanzwe byumuzunguruko. Iyo ushushanyijeho imbaho zumuzunguruko muremure, ni ngombwa gutegura witonze imiterere y'umuringa kugira ngo habeho ko hari imirongo ihagije hagati y'umurongo kugirango wirinde ibibazo.
C), gutandukanya ubushyuhe cyane, ingorane zo gusudira:
Niba PIN yibigize itwikiriwe numuringa, irashobora gutera ubushyuhe bukabije ubushyuhe, butuma bigora kuvanaguka no gusana. We know that the thermal conductivity of copper is very high, so whether it is manual welding or reflow welding, the copper surface will conduct heat rapidly during welding, resulting in the loss of temperature such as the soldering iron, which has an impact on welding, so the design as far as possible to use "cross pattern pad" to reduce heat dissipation and facilitate welding.
D), ibisabwa bidasanzwe ibidukikije:
Mubidukikije bimwe bidasanzwe, nkubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibidukikije byangiza, birashobora kwangirika cyangwa gukingirwa, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumikorere no kwizerwa ku kibaho cya PCB. Muri iki gihe, birakenewe guhitamo ibikoresho bifatika no kuvura hakurikijwe ibisabwa byibidukikije, aho kuba umuringa urenze umuringa.
E), urwego rwihariye rwinama:
Kubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko byoroshye, ubuyobozi bukomeye kandi bworoshye hamwe nibindi bikoresho byihariye byinama, birakenewe gushiraho umuringa wihariye nibishushanyo mbonera byihariye cyangwa igishushanyo mbonera hamwe na flixines byatewe numuringa wuzuye.
Kugira ngo uvuze, mu gishushanyo cya PCB, ni ngombwa guhitamo hagati y'umuringa ndetse n'umuringa ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye by'umuzunguruko, ibidukikije n'ibisabwa bidasanzwe.
