Filime nibikoresho bisanzwe bifasha mubikorwa byinganda zumuzunguruko.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane kubishushanyo mbonera, kugurisha masike ninyandiko.Ubwiza bwa firime bugira ingaruka itaziguye ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Filime ni firime, ni ubusobanuro bwa kera bwa firime, ubu muri rusange yerekeza kuri firime, irashobora kandi kwerekeza kubibi mubyapa byandika.Filime yatangijwe muriyi ngingo ivuga ibibi biri mu kibaho cyacapwe.
Filime yose ni umukara, kandi nimero ya firime nikimenyetso cyicyongereza.Ku mfuruka ya firime, erekana imwe muri C, M, Y, cyangwa K iyo firime, kandi ni imwe muri cmyk (cyangwa nimero yibara).Yerekana ibara ryibisohoka bya firime.Niba atari byo, urashobora kureba ku mfuruka ya ecran kugirango umenye ibara.Intambwe yamabara yintambwe kuruhande rwayo ikoreshwa mukudomo kwinshi.
Ibara ryamabara ntabwo ari ukureba gusa niba ubucucike bwadomo busanzwe, cyangwa kureba CMYK, ubusanzwe igenzurwa numwanya wibara ryibara: ibara ryamabara ni C mugice cyibumoso cyibumoso, ibara ryamabara ni M muri hejuru ibumoso, na Y iri hejuru yiburyo.Iburyo bwo hepfo iburyo ni K, mugihe cyose uruganda rwo gucapa ruzi CMYK ukurikije ibara ryamabara.Nukuvuga ko, kugirango byorohereze igenzura ryibanze ryiterambere rya firime, hariho nimero yamabara kumpande za firime.Kubijyanye numubare wamabara agomba gucapwa, bigenwa numurongo wa ecran ya buri firime.
Ibice byingenzi bigize firime ya firime ni firime ikingira, emulsion layer, firime ihuza, base ya firime na anti-halation.Ibice byingenzi ni umunyu wa feza ibikoresho byunvikana, gelatine na pigment.Umunyu wa feza urashobora kugarura ifeza yibanze munsi yumucyo, ariko ntishonga mumazi.Kubwibyo, gelatine irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ihindurwe kandi ihagarike kuri firime.Emulion nayo irimo pigment yo gukangurira.Noneho firime yerekanwe iboneka binyuze mubikorwa bya actinic.
Inzira yumuzunguruko ya firime
Filime irashobora gutunganywa nyuma yo kwerekana.Ibibi bitandukanye bifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya.Mbere yo gukoresha, ugomba gusoma amabwiriza yo gukoresha ibibi witonze kugirango umenye neza uwatezimbere hamwe nuwakosoye.
Inzira yo gutunganya firime niyi ikurikira:
Kwerekana amashusho: ni ukuvuga, nyuma yuko firime yerekanwe, umunyu wa feza ugarura centre ya feza, ariko muriki gihe, nta shusho ishobora kugaragara kuri firime, yitwa ishusho yihishe.
Iterambere:
ni hafi kugabanya umunyu wa feza nyuma yo kurasa mubice bya feza byirabura.Mugihe cyo gutezimbere intoki, firime yumunyu ya silver yagaragaye iringanizwa mubisubizo byabateza imbere.Kuberako firime yumunyu ya feza ikoreshwa mugukora imbaho zacapwe zifite umuvuduko muke wifotozi, inzira yiterambere irashobora gukurikiranwa munsi yumucyo wumutekano, ariko urumuri ntirukwiye kuba rwinshi, Kugira ngo wirinde kubura firime mbi.Iyo amashusho yumukara kumpande zombi yibibi afite uburebure bwamabara amwe, iterambere rigomba guhagarara.
Kuramo firime mubisubizo byiterambere, kwoza amazi cyangwa aside ihagarika igisubizo, hanyuma ubishyire mubisubizo bikosorwa hanyuma ubikosore.Ubushyuhe bwuwitezimbere bugira uruhare runini kumuvuduko witerambere.Ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niterambere ryihuta.Ubushyuhe bukwiye cyane butera imbere ni 18 ~ 25OC.
Imashini iteza imbere imashini ihita irangizwa na mashini yerekana amashusho, witondere igipimo cyimiti yimiti.Mubisanzwe, igipimo cyibisubizo byumuti utera imbere mugukubita imashini ni 1: 4, ni ukuvuga, igisubizo cyiterambere cyikigero 1 cyo gupima igikombe cyahujwe neza hamwe nibikombe 4 bipima amazi meza.
Gukosora:
ni ugushonga umunyu wa feza utagabanijwe kuri feza kubibi kugirango wirinde iki gice cyumunyu wa feza kutagira ingaruka mbi kumashusho nyuma yo kugaragara.Igihe cyo gukora intoki za firime-kurangiza no gukosora cyikubye kabiri nyuma yuko nta bice byerekana amafoto kuri firime biboneye.Igikorwa cyo gufata amashusho no gutunganya imashini nayo ihita irangizwa na mashini ifata amashusho.Ikigereranyo cyo kwibanda kuri sirupe gishobora kuba kinini cyane ugereranije na sirupa ikura, ni ukuvuga igikombe 1 cyo gupima umutobe wa sirupe kivanze neza hamwe nibikombe 3 byo gupima nigice cyamazi.
Gukaraba:
Filime ihamye yometseho imiti nka sodium thiosulfate.Niba idakarabye, firime izahinduka umuhondo kandi itemewe.Ibinini byakubiswe intoki mubisanzwe byogejwe namazi atemba muminota 15-20.Gukaraba no gukama uburyo bwo gutunganya firime yimashini ihita irangizwa nimashini itunganya firime.
umwuka wumye:
Ibibi byarangiye intoki nabyo bigomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje kandi humye nyuma yo gukama umwuka.
Muri ubu buryo bwavuzwe haruguru, witondere kudashushanya firime, kandi mugihe kimwe, ntugashishe ibisubizo byimiti nko guteza imbere no gutunganya amazi kumubiri wumuntu no kumyenda.