Interineti yibintu (IOT) izagira ingaruka ku nganda hafi ya zose, ariko izagira ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda zikora. Mubyukuri, interineti yibintu ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura sisitemu gakondo kumurongo muri sisitemu ihuza imbaraga, kandi irashobora kuba imbaraga nini yo guhindura inganda nibindi bikoresho.

Kimwe nizindi nganda, interineti yibintu mu nganda zikora inganda na interineti yinganda (IIoT) yihatira kugerwaho hifashishijwe imiyoboro idafite ikoranabuhanga hamwe nikoranabuhanga rishyigikira. Uyu munsi, interineti yibintu ishingiye ku gukoresha ingufu nkeya nintera ndende, kandi umurongo mugari (NB) ukemura iki kibazo. Muhinduzi wa PCB yumva ko guhuza NB bishobora gushyigikira imanza nyinshi za IoT, zirimo ibyabaye, ibyombo byangiza imyanda, hamwe no gupima ubwenge. Porogaramu zinganda zirimo gukurikirana umutungo, gukurikirana ibikoresho, kugenzura imashini, nibindi.

Ariko nkuko 5G ihuza ikomeje kubakwa mugihugu hose, urwego rushya rwihuta, imikorere nibikorwa bizafasha gufungura imanza nshya zo gukoresha IoT.

5G izakoreshwa mugukwirakwiza amakuru yikigereranyo hamwe nibisabwa byihuta cyane. Mubyukuri, raporo ya 2020 yakozwe na Bloor Research yerekanye ko ejo hazaza ha 5G, kubara mudasobwa hamwe na interineti yibintu aribyo byingenzi byinganda 4.0.

Kurugero, dukurikije raporo yakozwe na MarketsandMarkets, biteganijwe ko isoko rya IIoT rizava kuri miliyari 68.8 zamadorali y’Amerika muri 2019 rikagera kuri miliyari 98.2 z’amadolari ya Amerika muri 2024. Ni ibihe bintu nyamukuru biteganijwe gutwara isoko rya IIoT? Byinshi mu bikoresho bya semiconductor hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoronike, kimwe no gukoresha cyane ibicu bibara ibicu-byombi bizayoborwa nigihe cya 5G.

Ku rundi ruhande, nk'uko raporo ya BloorResearch ibigaragaza, niba nta 5G ihari, hazabaho icyuho kinini cy'urusobe mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'inganda 4.0-atari ugutanga imiyoboro ya miliyari y'ibikoresho bya IoT gusa, ahubwo no mu bijyanye no kohereza no gutunganya umubare munini wamakuru azabyara.

Ikibazo ntabwo ari umurongo mugari gusa. Sisitemu zitandukanye za IoT zizaba zifite imiyoboro itandukanye. Ibikoresho bimwe bizakenera kwizerwa byimazeyo, aho ubukererwe buke ari ngombwa, mugihe izindi mikoreshereze yimanza izabona ko umuyoboro ugomba guhangana nubucucike bukabije bwibikoresho bihujwe kuruta uko twabibonye mbere.

Kurugero, muruganda rutanga umusaruro, sensor yoroshye irashobora umunsi umwe gukusanya no kubika amakuru no kuvugana nigikoresho cyo mumarembo kirimo logique yo gusaba. Mu bindi bihe, amakuru ya sensor ya IoT arashobora gukenera gukusanywa mugihe nyacyo uhereye kuri sensor, tagi ya RFID, ibikoresho bikurikirana, ndetse na terefone nini zigendanwa binyuze muri protocole ya 5G.

Mu ijambo: umuyoboro wa 5G uzaza uzafasha kumenya umubare munini wa IoT na IIoT gukoresha imanza ninyungu mubikorwa byinganda. Urebye imbere, ntutangazwe nubona izi eshanu zikoresha imanza zihindagurika hamwe no gutangiza imbaraga zikomeye, zizewe hamwe nibikoresho bihuza mumashanyarazi menshi ya 5G arimo kubakwa.

Kugaragara k'umutungo utanga umusaruro

Binyuze muri IoT / IIoT, abayikora barashobora guhuza ibikoresho bitanga umusaruro nizindi mashini, ibikoresho, numutungo mu nganda no mububiko, bigaha abayobozi naba injeniyeri kurushaho kugaragara mubikorwa byumusaruro nibibazo byose bishobora kuvuka.

Gukurikirana umutungo ni umurimo wingenzi wa interineti yibintu. Irashobora kubona byoroshye no gukurikirana ibice byingenzi byibikorwa. Mugihe kiri imbere, isosiyete izashobora gukoresha sensor yubwenge kugirango ihite ikurikirana urujya n'uruza rw'ibice mugihe cyo guterana. Muguhuza ibikoresho bikoreshwa nabashinzwe imashini iyo ari yo yose ikoreshwa mu musaruro, umuyobozi w’uruganda arashobora kubona igihe nyacyo cyo kubona umusaruro.

Ababikora barashobora kwifashisha izo nzego zo hejuru zigaragara muruganda kugirango bamenye vuba kandi bakemure icyuho hifashishijwe amakuru yatanzwe na bande hamwe na enterineti igezweho kugirango bafashe kugera kumusaruro wihuse kandi wujuje ubuziranenge.

Kubungabunga

Kugenzura niba ibikoresho by ibihingwa nundi mutungo umeze neza nakazi kambere. Kunanirwa birashobora gutera ubukererwe bukabije mubikorwa, ibyo nabyo bikaba bishobora gutera igihombo gikomeye mugusana ibikoresho bitunguranye gusanwa cyangwa kubisimbuza, no kutanyurwa kwabakiriya kubera gutinda cyangwa no guhagarika ibicuruzwa. Kugumisha imashini gukora birashobora kugabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gukora kandi bigatuma umusaruro ukorwa neza.

Mugukoresha ibyuma bidafite umugozi kumashini muruganda rwose hanyuma ugahuza ibyo byuma na enterineti, abayobozi barashobora kumenya igihe igikoresho gitangiye kunanirwa mbere yuko binanirwa.

Sisitemu ya IoT ivuka ishyigikiwe nikoranabuhanga ridafite insinga irashobora kumva ibimenyetso byo kuburira mubikoresho no kohereza amakuru kubakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga kugirango bashobore gusana ibikoresho, bityo birinde ubukererwe n’ibiciro. Byongeye kandi, uruganda rwubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko rwizera ko ababikora nabo bashobora kubyungukiramo, nkibidukikije bishobora kuba umutekano muke hamwe nubuzima burebure.

kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa

Tekereza ko mugihe cyose cyinganda zikora, kohereza amakuru yujuje ubuziranenge yamakuru yifashishije ibyuma byangiza ibidukikije kugirango uhore ukurikirana ibicuruzwa bishobora gufasha ababikora gukora ibicuruzwa byiza.

Iyo igipimo cy’ubuziranenge kigeze cyangwa ibihe nkubushyuhe bwikirere cyangwa ubuhehere ntibikwiye kubyara umusaruro wibiryo cyangwa imiti, sensor irashobora kubimenyesha umuyobozi wamahugurwa.

Gutanga imiyoborere no gutezimbere

Ku bakora, urwego rwo gutanga ibintu rugenda rugorana cyane cyane iyo batangiye kwagura ubucuruzi bwabo kwisi yose. Interineti igaragara yibintu ifasha ibigo gukurikirana ibyabaye murwego rwo gutanga ibintu, bigatanga uburyo bwigihe-nyacyo mugukurikirana umutungo nkamakamyo, kontineri, ndetse nibicuruzwa byihariye.

Ababikora barashobora gukoresha sensor kugirango bakurikirane kandi bakurikirane ibarura uko ryimuka riva ahandi rijya ahandi murwego rwo gutanga. Ibi birimo ubwikorezi bwibikoresho bikenewe kugirango habeho ibicuruzwa, kimwe no gutanga ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Ababikora barashobora kongera ubushobozi bwabo kubarura ibicuruzwa kugirango batange ibikoresho bifatika biboneka hamwe na gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa kubakiriya. Isesengura ryamakuru rishobora kandi gufasha ibigo kunoza ibikoresho muguhitamo aho ibibazo.

Impanga

Kuza kwa interineti yibintu bizatuma bishoboka ko ababikora bakora impanga za digitale - kopi yibikoresho byibikoresho cyangwa ibicuruzwa ababikora bashobora gukoresha mugukora amashusho mbere yo kubaka no gukoresha ibikoresho. Bitewe nuburyo bukomeza bwamakuru-nyayo yatanzwe na interineti yibintu, abayikora barashobora gukora impanga ya digitale yibintu byose byibicuruzwa, bizabafasha kubona inenge byihuse no guhanura ibisubizo neza.

Ibi birashobora kuganisha ku bicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge kandi bikanagabanya ibiciro, kubera ko ibicuruzwa bitagomba kwibutswa bimaze koherezwa. Umwanditsi winama yumuzunguruko yamenye ko amakuru yakusanyirijwe muri kopi ya digitale yemerera abayobozi gusesengura uburyo sisitemu ikora mubihe bitandukanye kurubuga.

Hamwe nuruhererekane rwibisabwa, buri kimwe muribi bitanu bishobora gukoreshwa birashobora guhindura inganda. Kugirango dusohoze amasezerano yuzuye yinganda 4.0, abayobozi bikoranabuhanga mu nganda zikora inganda bakeneye gusobanukirwa ningorane zingenzi Internet yibintu izazana nuburyo ejo hazaza ha 5G izakemura ibyo bibazo.