Bitewe no guhinduranya ibintu biranga amashanyarazi, biroroshye gutera amashanyarazi kugirango atange amashanyarazi akomeye.Nka injeniyeri itanga amashanyarazi, injeniyeri ya electromagnetic ihuza injeniyeri, cyangwa injeniyeri ya PCB, ugomba gusobanukirwa nimpamvu zitera ibibazo byo guhuza amashanyarazi kandi ukemura ingamba, cyane cyane imiterere Abashakashatsi bakeneye kumenya uburyo bwo kwirinda kwaguka kwanduye.Iyi ngingo irerekana cyane cyane ingingo zingenzi zo gutanga amashanyarazi igishushanyo cya PCB.

15. Mugabanye ibimenyetso byoroshye (sensibilité) byerekana ibimenyetso byerekanwa hamwe nuburebure bwinsinga kugirango ugabanye intambamyi.

16. Ibimenyetso bito byerekana ibimenyetso biri kure yumurongo munini wibimenyetso bya dv / dt (nka C pole cyangwa D pole ya trube ya switch, buffer (snubber) numuyoboro wa clamp) kugirango ugabanye guhuza, hamwe nubutaka (cyangwa amashanyarazi, muri make) Ibimenyetso bishoboka) kugirango turusheho kugabanya guhuza, kandi ubutaka bugomba kuba buhuye neza nindege yubutaka.Muri icyo gihe, ibimenyetso bito byerekana ibimenyetso bigomba kuba kure hashoboka uhereye kumirongo minini ya di / dt kugirango wirinde kwambuka.Nibyiza kutajya munsi yikimenyetso kinini cya dv / dt mugihe ibimenyetso bito byerekana.Niba inyuma yikimenyetso gito gishobora guhagarara (ubutaka bumwe), ibimenyetso byurusaku bifatanije nabyo birashobora kugabanuka.

17. Nibyiza gushira hasi hirya no hino inyuma yibi bimenyetso binini bya dv / dt na di / dt (harimo inkingi ya C / D yibikoresho byo guhinduranya hamwe na radiyo yo guhinduranya), hanyuma ukoreshe hejuru no hepfo ibice byubutaka Binyuze mu mwobo uhuza, hanyuma uhuze ubu butaka nubutaka rusange (mubisanzwe E / S pole ya trube ihinduranya, cyangwa résistoriste sample) hamwe na tronc nkeya.Ibi birashobora kugabanya EMI irasa.Twabibutsa ko ibimenyetso bito bito bitagomba guhuzwa nubutaka bukingira, bitabaye ibyo bikazana intambamyi nini.Inzira nini ya dv / dt mubisanzwe couple yivanga kumirasire hamwe nubutaka bwegereye binyuze mubushobozi.Nibyiza guhuza radiyo ya switch ya radiator kubutaka bukingira.Gukoresha ibikoresho-byo guhinduranya ibikoresho bizanagabanya ubushobozi bwa mutuelle, bityo bigabanye guhuza.

18. Nibyiza kudakoresha vias kumirongo ikunda kwivanga, kuko izabangamira ibice byose inyuramo inyuramo.

19. Kwikingira birashobora kugabanya EMI irasa, ariko kubera ubushobozi bwiyongereye kubutaka, byakozwe na EMI (uburyo busanzwe, cyangwa uburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya ibintu) biziyongera, ariko mugihe cyose urwego rwo gukingira rufite ishingiro neza, ntirwiyongera cyane.Irashobora gusuzumwa mubishushanyo nyabyo.

20. Kugira ngo wirinde kwivanga kwinshi, koresha ingingo imwe hamwe no gutanga amashanyarazi kuva kumurongo umwe.

21. Guhindura amashanyarazi mubisanzwe bifite impamvu eshatu: kwinjiza imbaraga hejuru yubutaka, gusohora ingufu hejuru yubutaka, hamwe nubutaka buto bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso.Uburyo bwo guhuza ubutaka bwerekanwe mubishushanyo bikurikira:

22. Iyo uhagaze, banza umenye imiterere yubutaka mbere yo guhuza.Ubutaka bwo gutoranya no kongera amakosa bugomba guhuzwa na pole mbi ya capacitor isohoka, kandi ibimenyetso byikitegererezo bigomba gukurwa mubiti byiza bya capacitori.Ubutaka buto bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso hamwe nubutaka bugomba guhuzwa na E / S pole cyangwa icyitegererezo cyumubyigano wa trube kugirango bikumirwe.Mubisanzwe igenzura ryubutaka hamwe nubutaka bwa IC ntibisohoka ukundi.Muri iki gihe, inzitizi ziyobowe kuva kurugero rwicyitegererezo kugeza kubutaka bwavuzwe haruguru zigomba kuba nto zishoboka kugirango hagabanuke imbogamizi zisanzwe kandi tunonosore ukuri kwicyitegererezo.

23. Ibisohoka bya voltage sampling umuyoboro nibyiza kuba hafi yamakosa amplifier kuruta kubisohoka.Ibi ni ukubera ko ibimenyetso bike byo kwangirika bidashoboka cyane kwivanga kuruta ibimenyetso byimbitse.Inzira z'icyitegererezo zigomba kuba zegeranye zishoboka kugirango zigabanye urusaku.

24. Witondere imiterere ya inductors kuba kure na perpendicular kuri mugenzi wawe kugirango ugabanye inductance, cyane cyane inductors zibika ingufu hamwe nayunguruzo.

25. Witondere imiterere mugihe ubushobozi bwumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubushobozi buke buke bikoreshwa muburyo bubangikanye, ubushobozi bwumuvuduko mwinshi wegereye umukoresha.

26. Kwivanga kwumuvuduko muke muburyo butandukanye (munsi ya 1M), kandi kwivanga kwinshi mubisanzwe muburyo busanzwe, mubisanzwe bifatanije nimirasire.

27. Niba ibimenyetso byumuvuduko mwinshi bihujwe no kwinjiza icyerekezo, biroroshye gukora EMI (uburyo busanzwe).Urashobora gushira impeta ya magneti kumurongo winjiza hafi yumuriro w'amashanyarazi.Niba EMI yagabanutse, byerekana iki kibazo.Igisubizo cyiki kibazo nukugabanya guhuza cyangwa kugabanya EMI yumuzunguruko.Niba urusaku rwinshi rudafite akayunguruzo rusukuye kandi ruyobowe ninjiza, EMI (uburyo butandukanye) nayo izashyirwaho.Muri iki gihe, impeta ya magneti ntishobora gukemura ikibazo.Kuringaniza ibice bibiri byihuta cyane (simmetrike) aho ibyinjira byegereye amashanyarazi.Kugabanuka byerekana ko iki kibazo kibaho.Igisubizo cyiki kibazo ni ugutezimbere gushungura, cyangwa kugabanya ibisekuru byurusaku rwinshi mukoresheje buffering, clamping nubundi buryo.

28. Gupima uburyo butandukanye nuburyo busanzwe bugezweho:

29. Akayunguruzo ka EMI kagomba kuba hafi yumurongo winjira bishoboka, kandi insinga zumurongo winjira zigomba kuba ngufi zishoboka kugirango hagabanuke guhuza hagati yimbere ninyuma ya filteri ya EMI.Umugozi winjira urinzwe neza hamwe nubutaka bwa chassis (uburyo ni nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru).Ibisohoka EMI muyunguruzi bigomba gufatwa kimwe.Gerageza kongera intera hagati yumurongo winjira hamwe na signal ya dv / dt ndende, hanyuma ubitekereze muburyo.